Đề thi thử THPTQG 07 bám sát cấu trúc của bộ 2019 Tiếng

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.

A. provision B. inversion C. explosion D. occasion

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.

A. reserved B. packaged C. followed D. exploited

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.

Many people found it is moving to see a nine-year-old Japanese boy desperately searching for his family lost in the quake and tsunami of March 11, 2011.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.

It may be argued that modern presidents have far great responsibilities than their predecessors did.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.

Not one in a hundred seeds develop into a healthy plant, even under laboratory conditions.

A lot of humour depends on the use of words____ sound the same but have different meanings.

I _____ rather solve the problems in my farm myself than seek the help of other people.

_____ spread of service industries internationally is contributing to a massive increase

in female migration, particularly in Asia.

By the time you have completed the essential training, you _____ exposed to virtually every new feature of the course.

The more Sheri thought about this, _____ .

During a ____ , many people become unemployed and very few new jobs are available.

Our family is a ____

sound the same but have different

from which we can go into the world with confidence.

In the 22nd SEA Games, many close to international levels were set ____ .

Many citizens urged their government to _____ measures to cut down their carbon emission to reduce greenhouse effects.

From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the ______ that its disadvantages are far greater than its advantages.

In the early 1800’s, over 80 percent of the United States labor force was engaged _____ agriculture.

Washing machines and vacuum cleaners are ____ devices.

There is a total _____ on smoking anywhere in the college.

She was woken from a ____ sleep by a ring at the door.

Bob is talking to Sally in the cinema.

Bob: -“Excuse me. Is anyone sitting here?”

Sally: -“_____ .”

Bill is talking about his bad ability to calculate to his father.

Bill: -“I don’t do well in calculus because I don’t like the stuff.”

Father: -“ _____ .”

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

The week-long rainfall has brought about landslides and flooding in the mountain areas.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

Those students who have made adequate preparations for the test will be favorably positioned.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

TWA was criticized for trying to cover up the truth rather than promptly notifying victims’ families.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

A mediocre student who gets low grades will have trouble getting into an Ivy League College.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 33 to 37.

Keele University in the United Kingdom has developed a “virtual patient,” created by a computer, to help train the pharmacists of the future. Students in the university’s School of (33) _ work with the “patient” to gain experience in effective communication and decision-making.

Students talk with the “patient” directly or by typing questions into a computer. The “patient” responds verbally or with gestures to indicate (34) such as pain, stress or anxiety. As a result, students are forced to communicate clearly (35) that the “patient” understands them completely. The Virtual Patient can also be used to explore various medical situations. For example, the “patient” can be programmed to be allergic to certain medicine and can (36) from serious reactions if student learners are not aware of the situation. This kind of practice allows students to learn from mistakes in a safe environment that would not be (37) with textbooks alone. The unique system can both be used in a classroom setting or for distance learning.

(37):

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 33 to 37.

   Keele University in the United Kingdom has developed a “virtual patient,” created by a computer, to help train the pharmacists of the future. Students in the university’s School of (33) _ work with the “patient” to gain experience in effective communication and decision-making.

   Students talk with the “patient” directly or by typing questions into a computer. The “patient” responds verbally or with gestures to indicate (34) such as pain, stress or anxiety. As a result, students are forced to communicate clearly (35) that the “patient” understands them completely. The Virtual Patient can also be used to explore various medical situations. For example, the “patient” can be programmed to be allergic to certain medicine and can (36) from serious reactions if student learners are not aware of the situation. This kind of practice allows students to learn from mistakes in a safe environment that would not be (37) with textbooks alone. The unique system can both be used in a classroom setting or for distance learning.

(36):

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 33 to 37.

   Keele University in the United Kingdom has developed a “virtual patient,” created by a computer, to help train the pharmacists of the future. Students in the university’s School of (33) _ work with the “patient” to gain experience in effective communication and decision-making.

   Students talk with the “patient” directly or by typing questions into a computer. The “patient” responds verbally or with gestures to indicate (34) such as pain, stress or anxiety. As a result, students are forced to communicate clearly (35) that the “patient” understands them completely. The Virtual Patient can also be used to explore various medical situations. For example, the “patient” can be programmed to be allergic to certain medicine and can (36) from serious reactions if student learners are not aware of the situation. This kind of practice allows students to learn from mistakes in a safe environment that would not be (37) with textbooks alone. The unique system can both be used in a classroom setting or for distance learning.

(35):

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 33 to 37.

   Keele University in the United Kingdom has developed a “virtual patient,” created by a computer, to help train the pharmacists of the future. Students in the university’s School of (33) _ work with the “patient” to gain experience in effective communication and decision-making.

   Students talk with the “patient” directly or by typing questions into a computer. The “patient” responds verbally or with gestures to indicate (34) such as pain, stress or anxiety. As a result, students are forced to communicate clearly (35) that the “patient” understands them completely. The Virtual Patient can also be used to explore various medical situations. For example, the “patient” can be programmed to be allergic to certain medicine and can (36) from serious reactions if student learners are not aware of the situation. This kind of practice allows students to learn from mistakes in a safe environment that would not be (37) with textbooks alone. The unique system can both be used in a classroom setting or for distance learning.

(34):

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 33 to 37.

   Keele University in the United Kingdom has developed a “virtual patient,” created by a computer, to help train the pharmacists of the future. Students in the university’s School of (33) _ work with the “patient” to gain experience in effective communication and decision-making.

   Students talk with the “patient” directly or by typing questions into a computer. The “patient” responds verbally or with gestures to indicate (34) such as pain, stress or anxiety. As a result, students are forced to communicate clearly (35) that the “patient” understands them completely. The Virtual Patient can also be used to explore various medical situations. For example, the “patient” can be programmed to be allergic to certain medicine and can (36) from serious reactions if student learners are not aware of the situation. This kind of practice allows students to learn from mistakes in a safe environment that would not be (37) with textbooks alone. The unique system can both be used in a classroom setting or for distance learning.

(33):

Now people believe that lifelong learning is the key to success. Today’s labour market is competitive and demanding.

He made sure all the current was switched off. After that, he carefully checked the wiring.

As there was a great deal of rain in the spring, we are expecting a good fruit harvest this year.

Although the dog appeared harmless, it was, in fact quite dangerous.

Nobody is helping me, so I can’t finish my science project on time.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Eighty percent of all diseases in India and most developing countries are because of poor quality water. And when we look at the reason for poor quality water, you find that it is our abysmal attitude to the disposal of human waste. In India, it is unfortunately only the women who carry water. So for all domestic needs, women have to carry water. So this is a pitiable state of affairs which affects them the most.

So realizing how important issues like sanitation and the disposal of human waste were, we went into the arena of sanitation. Together with a lot of villages, we began to talk about how to really address this situation of sanitation. And we came together and formed a project called MANTRA to bring a transformation in rural areas. Villages that agree to implement this project, they organize a legal society where the general body consists of all members who elect a group of men and women who implement the project and, later on, who look after the operation and maintenance. From a protected water source, water is brought to an elevated water reservoir and piped to all households through three taps: one in the toilet, one in the shower, one in the kitchen, 24 hours a day.

And for that, they come together, collect all the local materials - local materials like rubble, sand, aggregates. Usually a government subsidy is available to meet at least part of the cost of external materials like cement, steel, toilet commode. And they build a toilet and a bathing room. Also, all the unskilled laborers, i.e. daily wage earners, mostly landless, are given an opportunity to be trained as masons and plumbers. So while these people are being trained, others are collecting the materials. And when both are ready, they build a toilet, a shower room, and a water tower, an elevated water reservoir. More than 1,200 villages have so far done this. It benefits over 400,000 people and it’s still going on. For India and such developing countries, armies and armaments, software companies and spaceships may not be as important as taps and toilets.

What does the author mean by “abysmal attitude” in the passage?

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.  

   Eighty percent of all diseases in India and most developing countries are because of poor quality water. And when we look at the reason for poor quality water, you find that it is our abysmal attitude to the disposal of human waste. In India, it is unfortunately only the women who carry water. So for all domestic needs, women have to carry water. So this is a pitiable state of affairs which affects them the most.

   So realizing how important issues like sanitation and the disposal of human waste were, we went into the arena of sanitation. Together with a lot of villages, we began to talk about how to really address this situation of sanitation. And we came together and formed a project called MANTRA to bring a transformation in rural areas. Villages that agree to implement this project, they organize a legal society where the general body consists of all members who elect a group of men and women who implement the project and, later on, who look after the operation and maintenance. From a protected water source, water is brought to an elevated water reservoir and piped to all households through three taps: one in the toilet, one in the shower, one in the kitchen, 24 hours a day.

   And for that, they come together, collect all the local materials - local materials like rubble, sand, aggregates. Usually a government subsidy is available to meet at least part of the cost of external materials like cement, steel, toilet commode. And they build a toilet and a bathing room. Also, all the unskilled laborers, i.e. daily wage earners, mostly landless, are given an opportunity to be trained as masons and plumbers. So while these people are being trained, others are collecting the materials. And when both are ready, they build a toilet, a shower room, and a water tower, an elevated water reservoir. More than 1,200 villages have so far done this. It benefits over 400,000 people and it’s still going on. For India and such developing countries, armies and armaments, software companies and spaceships may not be as important as taps and toilets.

The word "this" in paragraph 3 refers to _____ .

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.  

   Eighty percent of all diseases in India and most developing countries are because of poor quality water. And when we look at the reason for poor quality water, you find that it is our abysmal attitude to the disposal of human waste. In India, it is unfortunately only the women who carry water. So for all domestic needs, women have to carry water. So this is a pitiable state of affairs which affects them the most.

   So realizing how important issues like sanitation and the disposal of human waste were, we went into the arena of sanitation. Together with a lot of villages, we began to talk about how to really address this situation of sanitation. And we came together and formed a project called MANTRA to bring a transformation in rural areas. Villages that agree to implement this project, they organize a legal society where the general body consists of all members who elect a group of men and women who implement the project and, later on, who look after the operation and maintenance. From a protected water source, water is brought to an elevated water reservoir and piped to all households through three taps: one in the toilet, one in the shower, one in the kitchen, 24 hours a day.

   And for that, they come together, collect all the local materials - local materials like rubble, sand, aggregates. Usually a government subsidy is available to meet at least part of the cost of external materials like cement, steel, toilet commode. And they build a toilet and a bathing room. Also, all the unskilled laborers, i.e. daily wage earners, mostly landless, are given an opportunity to be trained as masons and plumbers. So while these people are being trained, others are collecting the materials. And when both are ready, they build a toilet, a shower room, and a water tower, an elevated water reservoir. More than 1,200 villages have so far done this. It benefits over 400,000 people and it’s still going on. For India and such developing countries, armies and armaments, software companies and spaceships may not be as important as taps and toilets.

What is an additional benefit of building the toilets with the locals?

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.  

   Eighty percent of all diseases in India and most developing countries are because of poor quality water. And when we look at the reason for poor quality water, you find that it is our abysmal attitude to the disposal of human waste. In India, it is unfortunately only the women who carry water. So for all domestic needs, women have to carry water. So this is a pitiable state of affairs which affects them the most.

   So realizing how important issues like sanitation and the disposal of human waste were, we went into the arena of sanitation. Together with a lot of villages, we began to talk about how to really address this situation of sanitation. And we came together and formed a project called MANTRA to bring a transformation in rural areas. Villages that agree to implement this project, they organize a legal society where the general body consists of all members who elect a group of men and women who implement the project and, later on, who look after the operation and maintenance. From a protected water source, water is brought to an elevated water reservoir and piped to all households through three taps: one in the toilet, one in the shower, one in the kitchen, 24 hours a day.

   And for that, they come together, collect all the local materials - local materials like rubble, sand, aggregates. Usually a government subsidy is available to meet at least part of the cost of external materials like cement, steel, toilet commode. And they build a toilet and a bathing room. Also, all the unskilled laborers, i.e. daily wage earners, mostly landless, are given an opportunity to be trained as masons and plumbers. So while these people are being trained, others are collecting the materials. And when both are ready, they build a toilet, a shower room, and a water tower, an elevated water reservoir. More than 1,200 villages have so far done this. It benefits over 400,000 people and it’s still going on. For India and such developing countries, armies and armaments, software companies and spaceships may not be as important as taps and toilets.

What happens when a village agrees to implement this project?

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.  

   Eighty percent of all diseases in India and most developing countries are because of poor quality water. And when we look at the reason for poor quality water, you find that it is our abysmal attitude to the disposal of human waste. In India, it is unfortunately only the women who carry water. So for all domestic needs, women have to carry water. So this is a pitiable state of affairs which affects them the most.

   So realizing how important issues like sanitation and the disposal of human waste were, we went into the arena of sanitation. Together with a lot of villages, we began to talk about how to really address this situation of sanitation. And we came together and formed a project called MANTRA to bring a transformation in rural areas. Villages that agree to implement this project, they organize a legal society where the general body consists of all members who elect a group of men and women who implement the project and, later on, who look after the operation and maintenance. From a protected water source, water is brought to an elevated water reservoir and piped to all households through three taps: one in the toilet, one in the shower, one in the kitchen, 24 hours a day.

   And for that, they come together, collect all the local materials - local materials like rubble, sand, aggregates. Usually a government subsidy is available to meet at least part of the cost of external materials like cement, steel, toilet commode. And they build a toilet and a bathing room. Also, all the unskilled laborers, i.e. daily wage earners, mostly landless, are given an opportunity to be trained as masons and plumbers. So while these people are being trained, others are collecting the materials. And when both are ready, they build a toilet, a shower room, and a water tower, an elevated water reservoir. More than 1,200 villages have so far done this. It benefits over 400,000 people and it’s still going on. For India and such developing countries, armies and armaments, software companies and spaceships may not be as important as taps and toilets.

According to the author, why are women affected the most by water borne diseases?

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

We experience noise in a number of ways. On some occasions, we can be both the cause and the victim of noise, such as when we are operating noisy appliances or equipment. There are also instances when we experience noise generated by others just as people experience second-hand smoke. While in both instances, noises are equally damaging, second-hand noise is more troubling because it has negative impacts on us but is put into the environment by others, without our consent.

The air into which second-hand noise is emitted and on which it travels is a “commons”, a public good. It belongs to no one person or group, but to everyone. People, businesses, and organizations, therefore, do not have unlimited rights to broadcast noise as they please, as if the effects of noise were limited only to their private property. On the contrary, they have an obligation to use the commons in ways that are compatible with or do not detract from other uses.

People, businesses, and organizations that disregard the obligation to not interfere with others' s use and enjoyment of the commons by producing noise pollution are, in many ways, acting like a bully in a school yard. Although perhaps unknowingly, they nevertheless disregard the rights of others and claim for themselves rights that are not theirs.

We have organized to raise awareness of noise pollution and help communities take back the commons from those acting like bullies. Our efforts include building a library of resources and tools concerning noise pollution, establishing links to other groups that have similar collections, establishing networks among local noise activists, assisting communities and activists who are working to reduce noise pollution, and monitoring and advocating for stronger noise controls.

Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

   We experience noise in a number of ways. On some occasions, we can be both the cause and the victim of noise, such as when we are operating noisy appliances or equipment. There are also instances when we experience noise generated by others just as people experience second-hand smoke. While in both instances, noises are equally damaging, second-hand noise is more troubling because it has negative impacts on us but is put into the environment by others, without our consent.

   The air into which second-hand noise is emitted and on which it travels is a “commons”, a public good. It belongs to no one person or group, but to everyone. People, businesses, and organizations, therefore, do not have unlimited rights to broadcast noise as they please, as if the effects of noise were limited only to their private property. On the contrary, they have an obligation to use the commons in ways that are compatible with or do not detract from other uses.

   People, businesses, and organizations that disregard the obligation to not interfere with others' s use and enjoyment of the commons by producing noise pollution are, in many ways, acting like a bully in a school yard. Although perhaps unknowingly, they nevertheless disregard the rights of others and claim for themselves rights that are not theirs.

   We have organized to raise awareness of noise pollution and help communities take back the commons from those acting like bullies. Our efforts include building a library of resources and tools concerning noise pollution, establishing links to other groups that have similar collections, establishing networks among local noise activists, assisting communities and activists who are working to reduce noise pollution, and monitoring and advocating for stronger noise controls.

The word “disregard” in paragraph 5 could be best replaced by ______.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

   We experience noise in a number of ways. On some occasions, we can be both the cause and the victim of noise, such as when we are operating noisy appliances or equipment. There are also instances when we experience noise generated by others just as people experience second-hand smoke. While in both instances, noises are equally damaging, second-hand noise is more troubling because it has negative impacts on us but is put into the environment by others, without our consent.

   The air into which second-hand noise is emitted and on which it travels is a “commons”, a public good. It belongs to no one person or group, but to everyone. People, businesses, and organizations, therefore, do not have unlimited rights to broadcast noise as they please, as if the effects of noise were limited only to their private property. On the contrary, they have an obligation to use the commons in ways that are compatible with or do not detract from other uses.

   People, businesses, and organizations that disregard the obligation to not interfere with others' s use and enjoyment of the commons by producing noise pollution are, in many ways, acting like a bully in a school yard. Although perhaps unknowingly, they nevertheless disregard the rights of others and claim for themselves rights that are not theirs.

   We have organized to raise awareness of noise pollution and help communities take back the commons from those acting like bullies. Our efforts include building a library of resources and tools concerning noise pollution, establishing links to other groups that have similar collections, establishing networks among local noise activists, assisting communities and activists who are working to reduce noise pollution, and monitoring and advocating for stronger noise controls.

In writer’s opinion, who are not only responsible for making noise but also under noise pressure?

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

   We experience noise in a number of ways. On some occasions, we can be both the cause and the victim of noise, such as when we are operating noisy appliances or equipment. There are also instances when we experience noise generated by others just as people experience second-hand smoke. While in both instances, noises are equally damaging, second-hand noise is more troubling because it has negative impacts on us but is put into the environment by others, without our consent.

   The air into which second-hand noise is emitted and on which it travels is a “commons”, a public good. It belongs to no one person or group, but to everyone. People, businesses, and organizations, therefore, do not have unlimited rights to broadcast noise as they please, as if the effects of noise were limited only to their private property. On the contrary, they have an obligation to use the commons in ways that are compatible with or do not detract from other uses.

   People, businesses, and organizations that disregard the obligation to not interfere with others' s use and enjoyment of the commons by producing noise pollution are, in many ways, acting like a bully in a school yard. Although perhaps unknowingly, they nevertheless disregard the rights of others and claim for themselves rights that are not theirs.

   We have organized to raise awareness of noise pollution and help communities take back the commons from those acting like bullies. Our efforts include building a library of resources and tools concerning noise pollution, establishing links to other groups that have similar collections, establishing networks among local noise activists, assisting communities and activists who are working to reduce noise pollution, and monitoring and advocating for stronger noise controls.

According to paragraph 3, when we are operating noisy appliances or we experience noise generated by others, _____ .

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

   Noise is unwanted sound and is among the most pervasive pollutants today. Noise from road traffic, jet planes, jet skis, garbage trucks, construction equipment, manufacturing processes, lawn mowers, leaf blowers, and boom boxes, to name a few, are among the unwanted sounds that are routinely broadcast into the air.

   The problem with noise is not only that it is unwanted, but also that it negatively affects human health and well-being. Problems related to noise include hearing loss, stress, high blood pressure, sleep loss, distraction and lost productivity, and a general reduction in the quality of life and opportunities for tranquillity.

   We experience noise in a number of ways. On some occasions, we can be both the cause and the victim of noise, such as when we are operating noisy appliances or equipment. There are also instances when we experience noise generated by others just as people experience second-hand smoke. While in both instances, noises are equally damaging, second-hand noise is more troubling because it has negative impacts on us but is put into the environment by others, without our consent.

   The air into which second-hand noise is emitted and on which it travels is a “commons”, a public good. It belongs to no one person or group, but to everyone. People, businesses, and organizations, therefore, do not have unlimited rights to broadcast noise as they please, as if the effects of noise were limited only to their private property. On the contrary, they have an obligation to use the commons in ways that are compatible with or do not detract from other uses.

   People, businesses, and organizations that disregard the obligation to not interfere with others' s use and enjoyment of the commons by producing noise pollution are, in many ways, acting like a bully in a school yard. Although perhaps unknowingly, they nevertheless disregard the rights of others and claim for themselves rights that are not theirs.

   We have organized to raise awareness of noise pollution and help communities take back the commons from those acting like bullies. Our efforts include building a library of resources and tools concerning noise pollution, establishing links to other groups that have similar collections, establishing networks among local noise activists, assisting communities and activists who are working to reduce noise pollution, and monitoring and advocating for stronger noise controls.

The word “it” in paragraph 4 refers to _____ .

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

   Noise is unwanted sound and is among the most pervasive pollutants today. Noise from road traffic, jet planes, jet skis, garbage trucks, construction equipment, manufacturing processes, lawn mowers, leaf blowers, and boom boxes, to name a few, are among the unwanted sounds that are routinely broadcast into the air.

   The problem with noise is not only that it is unwanted, but also that it negatively affects human health and well-being. Problems related to noise include hearing loss, stress, high blood pressure, sleep loss, distraction and lost productivity, and a general reduction in the quality of life and opportunities for tranquillity.

   We experience noise in a number of ways. On some occasions, we can be both the cause and the victim of noise, such as when we are operating noisy appliances or equipment. There are also instances when we experience noise generated by others just as people experience second-hand smoke. While in both instances, noises are equally damaging, second-hand noise is more troubling because it has negative impacts on us but is put into the environment by others, without our consent.

   The air into which second-hand noise is emitted and on which it travels is a “commons”, a public good. It belongs to no one person or group, but to everyone. People, businesses, and organizations, therefore, do not have unlimited rights to broadcast noise as they please, as if the effects of noise were limited only to their private property. On the contrary, they have an obligation to use the commons in ways that are compatible with or do not detract from other uses.

   People, businesses, and organizations that disregard the obligation to not interfere with others' s use and enjoyment of the commons by producing noise pollution are, in many ways, acting like a bully in a school yard. Although perhaps unknowingly, they nevertheless disregard the rights of others and claim for themselves rights that are not theirs.

   We have organized to raise awareness of noise pollution and help communities take back the commons from those acting like bullies. Our efforts include building a library of resources and tools concerning noise pollution, establishing links to other groups that have similar collections, establishing networks among local noise activists, assisting communities and activists who are working to reduce noise pollution, and monitoring and advocating for stronger noise controls.

The word “negative” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _____ .

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

   Noise is unwanted sound and is among the most pervasive pollutants today. Noise from road traffic, jet planes, jet skis, garbage trucks, construction equipment, manufacturing processes, lawn mowers, leaf blowers, and boom boxes, to name a few, are among the unwanted sounds that are routinely broadcast into the air.

   The problem with noise is not only that it is unwanted, but also that it negatively affects human health and well-being. Problems related to noise include hearing loss, stress, high blood pressure, sleep loss, distraction and lost productivity, and a general reduction in the quality of life and opportunities for tranquillity.

   We experience noise in a number of ways. On some occasions, we can be both the cause and the victim of noise, such as when we are operating noisy appliances or equipment. There are also instances when we experience noise generated by others just as people experience second-hand smoke. While in both instances, noises are equally damaging, second-hand noise is more troubling because it has negative impacts on us but is put into the environment by others, without our consent.

   The air into which second-hand noise is emitted and on which it travels is a “commons”, a public good. It belongs to no one person or group, but to everyone. People, businesses, and organizations, therefore, do not have unlimited rights to broadcast noise as they please, as if the effects of noise were limited only to their private property. On the contrary, they have an obligation to use the commons in ways that are compatible with or do not detract from other uses.

   People, businesses, and organizations that disregard the obligation to not interfere with others' s use and enjoyment of the commons by producing noise pollution are, in many ways, acting like a bully in a school yard. Although perhaps unknowingly, they nevertheless disregard the rights of others and claim for themselves rights that are not theirs.

   We have organized to raise awareness of noise pollution and help communities take back the commons from those acting like bullies. Our efforts include building a library of resources and tools concerning noise pollution, establishing links to other groups that have similar collections, establishing networks among local noise activists, assisting communities and activists who are working to reduce noise pollution, and monitoring and advocating for stronger noise controls.

According to paragraph 2, one of the effects of noise pollution on the human body is that _____ .

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

   Noise is unwanted sound and is among the most pervasive pollutants today. Noise from road traffic, jet planes, jet skis, garbage trucks, construction equipment, manufacturing processes, lawn mowers, leaf blowers, and boom boxes, to name a few, are among the unwanted sounds that are routinely broadcast into the air.

   The problem with noise is not only that it is unwanted, but also that it negatively affects human health and well-being. Problems related to noise include hearing loss, stress, high blood pressure, sleep loss, distraction and lost productivity, and a general reduction in the quality of life and opportunities for tranquillity.

   We experience noise in a number of ways. On some occasions, we can be both the cause and the victim of noise, such as when we are operating noisy appliances or equipment. There are also instances when we experience noise generated by others just as people experience second-hand smoke. While in both instances, noises are equally damaging, second-hand noise is more troubling because it has negative impacts on us but is put into the environment by others, without our consent.

   The air into which second-hand noise is emitted and on which it travels is a “commons”, a public good. It belongs to no one person or group, but to everyone. People, businesses, and organizations, therefore, do not have unlimited rights to broadcast noise as they please, as if the effects of noise were limited only to their private property. On the contrary, they have an obligation to use the commons in ways that are compatible with or do not detract from other uses.

   People, businesses, and organizations that disregard the obligation to not interfere with others' s use and enjoyment of the commons by producing noise pollution are, in many ways, acting like a bully in a school yard. Although perhaps unknowingly, they nevertheless disregard the rights of others and claim for themselves rights that are not theirs.

   We have organized to raise awareness of noise pollution and help communities take back the commons from those acting like bullies. Our efforts include building a library of resources and tools concerning noise pollution, establishing links to other groups that have similar collections, establishing networks among local noise activists, assisting communities and activists who are working to reduce noise pollution, and monitoring and advocating for stronger noise controls.

According to paragraph 1, all of the following are things the noise comes from EXCEPT _____ .