Bài giải:

1.

a) x2 + 6x + 9 = x2 + 2 . x . 3 + 32 = (x + 3)2

b) 10x – 25 – x2 = -(-10x + 25 +x2) = -(25 – 10x + x2)

= -(52 – 2 . 5 . x – x2) = -(5 – x)2

c) 8x3 - 1818 = (2x)3 – (1212)3 = (2x - 1212)[(2x)2 + 2x . 1212 + (1212)2]

= (2x - 1212)(4x2 + x + 1414)

d) 125125x2 – 64y2 = (15x)2(15x)2- (8y)2 = (1515x + 8y)(1515x - 8y)

2.

a) x3 + 127127 = x3 + (1313)3 = (x + 1313)(x2 – x . 1313+ (1313)2)

=(x + 1313)(x2 – 1313x + 1919)

b) (a + b)3 – (a - b)3

= [(a + b) – (a – b)][(a + b)2 + (a + b) . (a – b) + (a – b)2]

= (a + b – a + b)(a2 + 2ab + b2 + a2 – b2 + a2 – 2ab + b2)

= 2b . (3a3 + b2)

c) (a + b)3 + (a – b)3 = [(a + b) + (a – b)][(a + b)2 – (a + b)(a – b) + (a – b)2]

= (a + b + a – b)(a2 + 2ab + b2 – a2 +b2 + a2 – 2ab + b2]

= 2a . (a2 + 3b2)

d) 8x3 + 12x2y + 6xy2 + y3 = (2x)3 + 3 . (2x)2 . y +3 . 2x . y + y3 = (2x + y)3

e) - x3 + 9x2 – 27x + 27 = 27 – 27x + 9x2 – x3 = 33 – 3 . 32 . x + 3 . 3 . x2 – x3 = (3 – x)3