1.
+ Ancol $1C$:
$CH_3OH$: metanol
+ Ancol $2C$:
$CH_3-CH_2OH$: etanol
+ Ancol $3C$:
$CH_3-CH_2-CH_2OH$: propan-1-ol
$CH_3-CH(CH_3)-OH$: propan-2-ol
+ Ancol $4C$:
$CH_2OH-CH_2-CH_2-CH_3$: butan-1-ol
$CH_3-CH(OH)-CH_2-CH_3$: butan-2-ol
$CH_3-CH(CH_3)-CH_2OH$: 2-metylpropan-1-ol
$(CH_3)_3C-OH$: 2-metylpropan-2-ol
2.
Điều kiện bền: một cacbon chỉ gắn với $1OH$, $OH$ gắn vào nguyên tử cacbon no.
Các CTCT ancol $C_3H_8O_n$:
+ $n=1$:
$CH_3-CH_2-CH_2OH$: propan-1-ol
$CH_3-CH(CH_3)-OH$: propan-2-ol
+ $n=2$:
$CH_3-CHOH-CHOH$: propan-1,2-điol
$CH_2OH-CH_2-CH_2OH$: propan-1,3-điol
+ $n=3$:
$CH_2OH-CHOH-CH_2OH$: propan-1,2,3-triol
