$1. $ My father has given up smoking since last year
$→$ S + started / began + V-ing / to-V = S + have PII / have been + V-ing
$2. $ They started work in that factory in 2001
$→$ S + have PII / have been + V-ing = S + started / began + V-ing / to-V
$3. $ Lan didn't write to Mary last month
$→$ Thì QKĐ dạng phủ định : S + didn't + V-bare
$4. $ How long ago did you learn French
$→$ Thì QKĐ dạng nghi vấn : Wh-question + did + S + V-bare ?
$5. $ When did you buy this car?
$→$ When...? (+ thì quá khứ đơn)
`@NTHT`