3.a) a+x=2
x=2-a
b) a-x=2
x=a-2
c) a+x=5
x=5-a
b) a-x=5
x=a-5
4.a) x-3=2+5
x-3=7
x =10
Vậy x=10
b) x-5=7+3
x-5=10
x =15
Vậy x=15
c) x + 9 = 2 + 5
x+9 =7
x =-2
Vậy x=-2
d) x + 15 = 7 + 3
x+15 =10
x =-5
Vậy x=-5
e) 7+3=x-5
10 =x-5
15 =x
Vậy x=15
g) 10+5=x-4
15 =x-4
19 =x
Vậy x=19
6.a) (-7)+(-12)=-(7+12)=-19
b) (-9)+(-21)= -30
(-10)+35=25
(-50)+15=-35
15-25=-10
24-49=-25
c) 84+10-85-13=(84-85)+(10-13)=-1+(-3)=-4
d) 90+50-95-52=-5+50-52
=45-52
=-7
e) 80+52-85-50=-5+52-50
=47-50
=-3
8.a) -11+(209+11)=-11+11+209=209
b) -201+(209+201)=-201+201+209=209
c) -250+(645+250)=-250+250+645=645
d) (43-163)-(137-57)=43-163-137+57=100-(163+137)
=100-300=-200
e) (26-54)-(46-74)=26-54-46+74
=100-(54+46)=100-100=0