Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 28 to 34.
Most weddings in Japan start with a religious ceremony in which usually only family members attend. Afterwards, a banquet is customarily held to which many people, including friends and colleagues, are invited. To celebrate the happy occasion, guests give the bride and groom goshuugi - gift money in special envelopes. Goshuugi from friends is usually 20,000 yen or 30,000 yen.
A typical Japanese wedding party starts when the bride and groom enter the banquet hall together, and take their seats on a slightly raised platform facing their guests. Invited guests are seated closer to the bride and groom, with family and relatives seated further in back. The bride's and groom's bosses usually give congratulatory speeches then their friends sing in celebration. Other wedding highlights include a candle ceremony where the couple holds a candle while greeting their guests at each table, and the cutting of the wedding cake. Afterwards, the bride and groom thank their parents with a speech, then leave to end the party.
In the past, dishes that supposedly brought good fortune, such as prawns and sea breams, were served in abundance. So much of the food was ordered that guests ended up taking the surplus home. Today, the majority of the weddings serve just enough for everyone. Additionally, before leaving, guests would traditionally receive souvenir gifts called hikidemono.
Many wedding ceremonies take place at wedding halls or hotels. Rough estimates show that it costs about 3 million yen to host a wedding party for 80 guests. During Japan's economic bubble, overseas weddings and flamboyant receptions with special effects, such as smoke machines and having the bride and groom fly in on gondolas, were very popular. But these days, couples choose to tie the knot in various ways, from not having any ceremony to having a modest affair, or still going all out.
(Source: http://www.hiraganatimes.com)
The word "their" in paragraph 2 refers to .




A.the relatives'
B.the couple's
C.the friends'
D.the parents'

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 23 to 27.
Graphic novels, as the name suggests, are books written and illustrated in the style of a comic book. Adults may feel that graphic novels do not help children become good readers. They believe that this type of reading material somehow prevents "real" reading. (23) , many quality graphic novels are now being seen as a method of storytelling on the same level as novels, films or audiobooks. Many librarians and teachers are now accepting graphic novels as proper literature for children as they (24) young people and motivate them to read. This has been especially true with children who are not (25) to read, especially boys.
Language learners are also motivated by graphic novels because the pictures provide clues to the meaning of the words. Therefore, they will (26) new vocabulary more quickly. Many teachers have reported great success when they used graphic novels with their students, especially in the areas of English, social studies and art. The idea that graphic novels are too simple to be regarded as serious reading is no longer valid. Reading them can, undoubtedly, help students develop the skills (27) are necessary to read more challenging works.
(Source: Complete IELTS by Rawdon Wyatt)
(27)




A.when
B.who
C.that
D.where

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
The_________of the most recent customer satisfaction survey are generally positive.




A.effects
B.replies
C.results
D.amount

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions.




A.answer
B.future
C.singer
D.reply

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word for each of the blanks.
A Tale of Two Pharaohs
Tutankhamen was pharaoh of Egypt from 1333-1323 B.C. Having such a short reign and being so young (he died at 18), King Tut was a minor (51)______among pharaohs in Egypt's long history. He (52)_____nothing of great importance to Egypt in his time, yet, in modern times, he is credited with supplying an enormous (53)_______of information about ancient Egyptian culture. It was not in life that Tutankhamen made his mark in history, (54)_____in death. In 1922, Tutankhamen's tomb was discovered (55)_____Howard Carter. an Englishman. Somehow, Tut's tomb escaped rampage for more than 3,000 years. Tut was found just as he (56)_______placed-enclosed in a solid gold sarcophagus, along with all the magnificent trappings of a king. The huge amount and excellent condition of the artifacts (57)________us with valuable knowledge about the life and times of acient Egypt.
Another well-known pharaoh of ancient Egypt is Ramses II, (58)________ruled from 1279-1212 B.C. At a time when people were on average five feet tall and lived only a few decades, Ramses was 6 feet tall, lived to be 90, and ruled (59)_________some 67 years. He is known as Ramses the Great (60)________during his reign he asserted his power for the glory of Egypt and built a new capital and many great temples.
_______(54)




A.but
B.and
C.interested
D.for

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
The higher the cost of living is, .




A.the hardest the life of the immigrants becomes
B.the harder the life of the immigrants becomes
C.the harder does the life of the immigrants become
D.the life of the immigrants becomes the harder

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
The dog my father gave me is very lovely.




A.who
B.which
C.when
D.where

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.
Most weddings in Japan start with a religious ceremony in which usually only family members attend. Afterwards, a banquet is customarily held to which many people, including friends and colleagues, are invited. To celebrate the happy occasion, guests give the bride and groom goshuugi– gift money in special envelopes. Goshuugi from friends is usually 20,000 yen or 30,000 yen.A typical Japanese wedding party starts when the bride and groom enter the banquet hall together, and take their seats on a slightly raised platform facing their guests. Invited guests are seated closer to the bride and groom, with family and relatives seated further in back. The bride's and groom's bosses usually give congratulatory speeches then their friends sing in celebration. Other wedding highlights include a candle ceremony where the couple holds a candle while greeting their guests at each table, and the cutting of the wedding cake. Afterwards, the bride and groom thank their parents with a speech, then leave to end the party.
In the past, dishes that supposedly brought good fortune, such as prawns and sea breams, were served in abundance. So much of the food was ordered that guests ended up taking the surplus home. Today, the majority of the weddings serve just enough for everyone. Additionally, before leaving, guests would traditionally receive souvenir gifts called hikidemono.
Many wedding ceremonies take place at wedding halls or hotels. Rough estimates show that it costs about 3 million yen to host a wedding party for 80 guests. During Japan's economic bubble, overseas weddings and flamboyant receptions with special effects, such as smoke machines and having the bride and groom fly in on gondolas, were very popular. But these days, couples choose to tie the knot in various ways, from not having any ceremony to having a modest affair, or still going all out.
(Source:http://www.hiraganatimes.com)
The word "fortune" in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to_ .




A.benefit
B.luck
C.excitement
D.money

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions.




A.essential
B.dangerous
C.regular
D.medical

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 35 to 42.
Tropical rainforests are being destroyed and badly degraded at an unsustainable rate. Some scientists estimate that in the early 1990s tropical forests were being destroyed at a rate of approximately 28 hectares a minute, or about 14 million hectares each year – an area about the size of the state of Wisconsin. This figure marked a decrease since the 1980s, when approximately 16 million hectares were destroyed each year, largely due to a reported decline of deforestation in the Amazon River Basin in the early 1990s. However, satellite images indicate that rates may have rebounded in the late 1990s as burning in the Amazon increased again. Over the past three decades alone, about 5 million square kilometers – or 20 percent of the world's tropical forests – have been cleared. During this time, deforestation in tropical Asia reached almost 30 percent. High rates of deforestation are inevitably followed by alarming rates of plant and animal extinction because many rainforest species cannot survive outside their pristine rainforest habitat. Some scientists estimate that dozens of rainforest species are becoming extinct every day.
Causes of deforestation vary from location to location, but certain patterns tend to be consistent across all forests. Logging companies in search of valuable rainforest hardwoods, or, less often, oil companies in search of petroleum, are often the first to enter a remote area of rainforest. Some logged forests, if left alone, can regenerate in a few decades. But typically, they are not left alone – the roads built by logging companies often provide access for landless farmers to enter a new area, as well as a means to transport agricultural crops to market. For every 1 kilometer of new roads built through a forested area, 4 to 24 square kilometers are deforested and colonized.
Once the loggers leave the land, a typical cycle of destruction ensues. When the landless farmers arrive, they clear the land for planting. Poor rainforest soils produce a low crop yield, especially after a couple of years. At that point, the farmers often sell their lands to cattle ranchers or large plantation owners. After nutrients have been exhausted and soils compacted by cattle, lands are then abandoned and often laid to waste. Rainforest does not readily regenerate on these lands without human intervention. Meanwhile, the colonist farmers and cattle ranchers move to a new piece of land made accessible by logging roads, where the cycle of deforestation begins again.
(Source: Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2009. © 1993-2008 Microsoft Corporation)

According to the passage, what is the most common cause of deforestation in different regions?




A.The search for rare animals
B.The search for valuable woods
C.The search for new farm lands
D.The search for oil