After three industrial revolutions, human keeps on taking steps to develop modern technology, making themselves the dominant species on the Earth. However, there is a high price to pay since pollution has become one of the most serious problems we have to confront. The first factor that is under great strain is the source of water. In the modern times, a number of factories have been built, leading to a huge amount of waste that needs to be dealt with. But with a lack of sewage treatment systems, most of this is dumped directly into rivers or lakes, destroying marine life. In addition, oil spills from tanker ship accidents also contribute to water population, which killed thousands of seabirds and aquatic animals. Not only water, the air is also contaminated seriously. It is shown that most of the amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere comes from coal burning power plants and motor vehicles, causing global warming and greenhouse effect. The situation became worse since our green lungs have been damaged seriously due to the alarming rate of deforestation. As a result of air pollution, human health can be threatened and put at risk of respiratory problems and hives.Last but not least, soil pollution is another example of our negative impacts on the environment. With modern farming practices and the abuse of chemical pesticides, the quality of soil is increasingly degraded on account of the loss of important minerals and microorganisms in it. Moreover, it can be polluted by improper disposal of waste or heavy metals from factories and power plants. These substances will enter the waterways and then our food chain, which gradually do harm to our health. In all likelihood, arable land will turn into desert or be lost to erosion and water logging. To conclude, the environment is polluted at a high rate, affecting our life negatively in many ways. Therefore, there is a need to take measures to save the Earth before it is too late.

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The level of fresh drinking water is getting less day by day on the earth. There is a limited availability of drinking water on the earth however that too is getting polluted because of human activities. It is tough to estimate the probability of life on the earth in the absence of fresh drinking water. Water pollution is the mixing of foreign substances by means of organic, inorganic, biological and radiological in the water degrading the quality and usefulness of water.

Perilous pollutants may contain various types of impurities including harmful chemicals, dissolved gases, suspended matters, dissolved minerals, and even microbes. All the contaminants reduce the level of dissolved oxygen in the water and affecting the lives of animals and human beings to a great extent. Dissolved oxygen is the oxygen present in water required by the aquatic system to continue the lives of plants and animals. However biochemical oxygen is the demanded oxygen by the aerobic micro-organisms to oxidize organic matters of wastes. Water pollution is caused by two means, one is natural water pollution (due to the leaching of rocks, decay of organic matters, decay of dead matters, silting, soil erosion, etc) and another one is man-made water pollution (due to the deforestation, set up of industries near large water bodies, high level emission of industrial wastes, domestic sewage, synthetic chemicals, radio-active wastes, fertilizers, insecticides, pesticides etc).