\(a)\left|x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right|=3\)
 \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{1}{2}=3\\x+\dfrac{1}{2}=-3\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3-\dfrac{1}{2}\\x=-3-\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{5}{2}\\x=\dfrac{-7}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
 \(b)\left|2x-1\right|=-4\)
 \(\Rightarrow\left|2x-1\right|=-4\)
 \(\Rightarrow\left|x-1\right|=-4:2\)
 \(\Rightarrow\left|x-1\right|=-2\)
 Ta có: \(\left|x-1\right|\ge0\) mà \(-2< 0\)
 Vậy ko có giá trị thỏa mãn đề bài.