Bài 4: Đọc bài đọc dưới đây và trả lời câu hỏi.
Flood stands amongst the most devastating natural catastrophes. Almost
everyone is well aware of its negative impacts on human such as loss of human life,
damage to property, destruction of crops, loss of livestocks, and deterioration of
health conditions owing to waterborne diseases.
However, flood can also have some positive impacts on the environment. In
many natural systems, floods play the key role in maintaining the ecosystem
functions and biodiversity. They link the river with the land surrounding it, recharge
ground water systems and fill wetlands. Moreover, floodwater often carries both
sediment and nutrients, so it helps enrich the land. For many species, flood trigger
breeding events, migration, and dispesal. The environmental benefits of flooding can
also help the economy through things such as increased fish production, recharge
of groundwater resourses, and maintainance of recreational environments.
While cycling of sediments and nutrients is essential to a healthy ecosystem,
too much sediment and nutrient in a waterway lowers the downstream water quality.
Other negative effects include loss of habitat, dispersal of weed species and the
release of pollutants such as chemicals, heavy metals and debris. These can degrade
aquatic habitats, lower water quality, reduce coastal production, and contaminate
coastal food resources.
1. What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. Negative impacts of flood on human.
B. Negative impacts of flood on the ecosystem.
C. Effects of flood on the environment.
2. What does the word “catastrophes” mean?
A. disasters
B. phenomena
C. sources
3. In which way does flood affect human health as mentioned in the first
paragraph?
A. waterborne diseases
B. loss of property
C. loss of liverstock
4. Which is not mentioned as a way flood helps maintain the ecosystem
functions and biodiversity?
A. It recharges ground water systems.
B. It carries both sediment and nutrients.
C. It maintains recreational environments.
5. What happens if there is too much sediment and nutrient in a waterway?
A. Breeding events are triggered.
B. The quality of downstream water is lowered.
C. It maintains a healthy ecosystem.
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Sinh Học lớp 12
