Đáp án đúng: C
10,6 gam và 27,6 gam
$\displaystyle \begin{array}{l}{{n}_{C{{O}_{2}}}}\,=\,{{n}_{CaC{{O}_{3}}}}\,=\,0,3\,mol\\\left\{ \begin{array}{l}{{n}_{N{{a}_{2}}C{{O}_{3}}}}\,+\,{{n}_{{{K}_{2}}C{{O}_{3}}}}\,=\,{{n}_{C{{O}_{2}}}}\,=\,0,3\\106{{n}_{N{{a}_{2}}C{{O}_{3}}}}\,+\,138{{n}_{{{K}_{2}}C{{O}_{3}}}}\,=\,38,2\end{array} \right.\,\\\Rightarrow \,\left\{ \begin{array}{l}{{n}_{N{{a}_{2}}C{{O}_{3}}}}\,=\,0,1\\{{n}_{NaHC{{O}_{3}}}}\,=\,0,2\end{array} \right.\Rightarrow \,\left\{ \begin{array}{l}{{m}_{N{{a}_{2}}C{{O}_{3}}}}\,=\,10,6\,gam\\{{m}_{NaHC{{O}_{3}}}}\,=\,27,6\,gam\end{array} \right.\end{array}$