a, $C_2H_4, C_2H_2$, glucozơ.
$C_2H_4+ Br_2 \to C_2H_4Br_2$
$C_2H_2+ 2Br_2 \to C_2H_2Br_4$
$C_6H_{12}O_6+ Br_2+ H_2O \to C_6H_{12}O_7+ 2HBr$
b, saccarozơ, chất béo.
$C_{12}H_{22}O_{11}+ H_2O \buildrel{{HCl, t^o}}\over\to C_6H_{12}O_6+ C_6H_{12}O_6$
$(RCOO)_3C_3H_5+ 3H_2O \buildrel{{HCl, t^o}}\over\rightleftharpoons 3RCOOH+ C_3H_5(OH)_3$
c, $CH_4$
$CH_4+ Cl_2 \buildrel{{as}}\over\to CH_3Cl+ HCl$
d, glucozơ
$C_6H_{12}O_6+ Ag_2O \buildrel{{NH_3}}\over\to 2Ag+ C_6H_{12}O_7$