Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions from 35 to 42.What unusual or unique biological train led to the remarkable diversification and unchallenged success of the ants for over 50 million years? The answer appears to be that they were the first group of predatory eusocial insects that both lived and foraged primarily in the soil and in rotting vegetation on the ground. Eusocial refers to a form of insect society characterized by specialization of tasks and cooperative care of the young; it is rare among insects. Richly organized colonies of the land made possible by eusociality enjoy several key advantages over solitary individuals.Under most circumstances groups of workers are better able to forage for food and defend the nest, because they can switch from individual to group response and back again swiftly and according to need. When a food object or nest intruder is too large for one individual to handle, nestmates can be quickly assembled by alarm or recruitment signals. Equally important is the fact that the execution of multiple-step tasks is accomplished in a series-parallelsequence. That is, individual ants can specialize in particular steps, moving from one object (such as a larva to be fed) to another (a second larva to be fed). They do not need to carry each task to completion from start to finish - for example, to check the larva first, then collect the food, then feed the larva. Hence, if each link in the chain has many workers in attendance, a sense directed at any particular object is less likely to fail. Moreover, ants specializing in particular labor categories typically constitute a caste specialized by age or body form or both. There has been some documentation of the superiority in performance and net energetic yield of various castes for their modal tasks, although careful experimental studies are still relatively few.What makes ants unusual in the company of eusocial insects is the fact that they are the only eusocial predators(predators are animals that capture and feed on other animals) occupying the soil and ground litter. The eusocial termites live in the same places as ants and also have wingless workers, but they feed almost exclusively on dead vegetation.(Source: TOEFL Reading)
Câu 1: Which of the following questions does the passage primarily answer?


A. Why have ants been able to thrive for such a long time?


B. What are the differences between social and solitary insects?


C. How do individual ants adapt to specialized tasks?


D. Why are ants predators?
Câu 2: The word "rotting" in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to _______.


A. cultivated


B. expanding


C. collected


D. decaying
Câu 3: All of the following terms are defined in the passage EXCEPT ______ .


A. predators


B. eusocial


C. caste


D. series-parallel sequence
Câu 4: The word "unique" in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ______ .


A. natural


B. habitual


C. inherited


D. singular
Câu 5: According to the passage, one thing eusocial insects can do is rapidly switch from ______ .


A. a defensive to an offensive stance


B. a solitary task to a group task


C. one environment to another      


D. one type of food consumption to another
Câu 6: It can be inferred from the passage that one main difference between termites and ants is that termites ______ .


A. protect their nests        


B. eat almost no animal substances


C.  live above ground   


D. are eusocial
Câu 7: The task of feeding larvae is mentioned in the passage to demonstrate ______.


A.  the advantages of specialization            


B. the type of food that larvae are fed


C. the different stages of ant development


D. the ways ant colonies train their young for adult tasks
Câu 8: The word "they" in bold in the last paragraph refers to ______ .


A. termites


B. places


C. ants


D. predators
1800.6947

A.
B.
C.
D.

Các câu hỏi liên quan

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 25 to 29.RED NOSE DAYIn 1985, there was a terrible famine in the African country of Sudan. Richard Curtis, a British comedy writer, and his friend, Alexander Mendis saw the news reports and wanted to make (25)______. They began a charity called Comic relief, with the help of charity worker Jane Tewson. In 1988, the charity had an idea of selling red plastic noses to raise money. It was the (26) ______ success and selling red noses became a regular part of the Britain’s charity to organize sponsored events. In 1997, BBC television supported Comic Relief with a whole afternoon and evenings of special TV programmes, calling it Red Nose Day. People around Britain organized fund-raising events around the same time and sent their money to Red Nose Day. In (27) ______, the event raised over £27 million for charity. Since it began, Comic Relief has raised more than £600 million, (28) ______ the generosity of the British public and the help of the celebrities (29)_____ take part. The charity produces books, CDs and other items help to raise money. In 2001, JK Rowling wrote two books for Comic Relief based on famous Harry Potter novels and all the money from the sales went to the charity.(Source: Solutions – Oxford University Press)
Câu 1: (25) 


A. differently


B. difference


C. differ


D. differentiate
Câu 2: (26)


A. giant


B. wide


C. large


D. huge
Câu 3: (27) 


A. whole


B. total


C. sum


D. together
Câu 4: (28) 


A. as a result     


B. in consequent   


C. thanks to    


D. in effect
Câu 5: (29) 


A. what


B. who


C. which


D. whose

A.
B.
C.
D.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B. C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. On the fourth Thursday in November, in houses around the United States, families get together for a feast, or a large meal. Almost all families eat turkey and cranberry sauce for this meal, and have pumpkin pie for dessert. This feast is part of a very special day, the holiday of Thanksgiving. In 1620 the Pilgrims made a difficult trip across the ocean from England. They landed in what is now Massachusetts. In England the Pilgrims had not been allowed to freely practice their religion. So they went to the New World in search of religious freedom. The Pilgrims' first winter was very hard. Almost half the group died of cold, hunger and disease. But the Indians of Massachusetts taught the Pilgrims to plant corn, to hunt and to fish. When the next fall came, the Pilgrims had plenty of food. They were thankful to God and the Indians and had a feast to give thanks. They invited the Indians to join them. This was the first Thanksgiving. Thanksgiving became a national holiday many years later because of the effort of a woman named Sarah Hale. For forty years Sarah Hale wrote to each president and asked for a holiday of Thanksgiving. At last she was successful. In 1863 President Lincoln declared Thanksgiving a holiday. How much is Thanksgiving today like the Pilgrims’ Thanksgiving? In many ways they are different. For example, historians think that the Pilgrims ate deer, not turkey. The idea of Thanksgiving, though, is very much the same: Thanksgiving is a day on which we celebrate and give thanks.                                  (Adapted from http:www.Amrican heritage.co.us)
Câu 1: When did the the Pilgrims make a difficult trip to across the ocean from England?


A. in 1830   


B. in 1620     


C. in 1863 


D. in 1621
Câu 2: The Pilgrims immigrated to the New World because ............


A. they wanted to have more land to cultivate    


B. they wanted to make a difficult trip


C. they wanted to search for religious freedom   


D. they wanted to be taught how to plant corn
Câu 3: According to the passage, Thanksgiving today is................


A. a day on which the Pilgrims eat deer         


B. only celebrated in Massachusetts


C. different from the Pilgrims's Thanksgiving in many ways


D.  just like the Pilgrims's Thanksgiving         
Câu 4: Which of the following is NOT true about Thanksgiving?


A. It became a national holiday thanks to President Lincoln's 40-year efforts.


B. Americans usually have turkey, cranberry sauce and pumpkin pie for this occasion.


C. It is a day on which Americans celebrate and give thanks.


D. It is celebrated on the fourth Thursday on November.
Câu 5: The word “they” in line 8 refer to ...


A. families


B.  the Indians  


C. the Native Americans   


D. the Pilgrims

A.
B.
C.
D.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 30 to 34.Vitamins, taken in tiny doses, are a major group of organic compounds that regulate the mechanisms by which the body converts food into energy. They should not be confused with minerals, which are inorganic in their makeup. Although in general the naming of vitamins followed the alphabetical order of their identification, the nomenclature of individual substances may appear to be somewhat random and disorganized. Among the 13 vitamins known today, five are produced in the body. Because the body produces sufficient quantities of some but not all vitamins, they must be supplemented in the daily diet. Although each vitamin has its specific designation and cannot be replaced by another compound, a lack of one vitamin can interfere with the processing of another. When a lack of even one vitamin in a diet is continual, a vitamin deficiency may result.The best way for an individual to ensure a necessary supply of vitamins is to maintain a balanced diet that includes a variety of foods and provides adequate quantities of all the compounds. Some people take vitamin supplements, predominantly in the form of tablets. The vitamins in such supplements are equivalent to those in food, but an adult who maintains a balanced diet does not need a daily supplement. The ingestion of supplements is recommended only to correct an existing deficiency due to unbalanced diet, to provide vitamins known to be lacking in a restricted diet, or to act as a therapeutic measure in medical treatment. Specifically, caution must be exercised with fat-soluble substances, such as vitamins A and D, because, taken in gigantic doses, they may present a serious health hazard over a period of time.
Câu 1: According to the passage, vitamins are _______.


A. food particles  


B. essential nutrients


C.  miscellaneous substances    


D. major food groups
Câu 2: The word "nomenclature" in the passage is closest in meaning to ______.


A. conservation           


B. concentration          


C. classification           


D. clarification
Câu 3: The phrase "daily diet" is closest in meaning to _______.  


A. weight loss or gain  


B. sufficient quantities


C. nourishment intake     


D. vitamin supplements
Câu 4: It can be inferred from the passage that vitamin supplements can be advisable ________.


A.  in special medical cases       


B. in most restricted diets


C. after correcting a dietary deficiency  


D. before beginning a therapeutic treatment
Câu 5: What does the passage mainly discuss?


A. Adopting vitamins to control weight


B. The individual's diet for optimum health


C. Vitamin categorization and medical application


D. The place of vitamins in nutrition

A.
B.
C.
D.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 25 to 29.   You will make the interview process easier for the employer if you prepare relevant information about yourself. Think about how you want to present your (25) ____, experiences, education, work style, skills, and goals. Be prepared to supplement all your answers with examples that support the statements you make.                   It is also a good idea to review your resume with a critical eye and identify areas that an employer might see as limitations or want further information. Think about how you can answer difficult questions (26) ____ and positively, while keeping each answer brief. An interview gives the employer a (27) _____ to get to know you. While you do want to market yourself to the employer, answer each question with an honest response.Never say anything negative about past experiences, employers, or courses and professors. Always think of something positive about an experience and talk about that. You should also be (28) ____. If you are genuinely interested in the job, let the interviewer know that.One of the best ways to show you are keen on a job is to demonstrate that you have researched the organization prior to the interview. You can also (29) ____ interest by asking questions about the job, the organization, and its services and products. 
Câu 1: (25) 


A. pressures     


B. practices      


C. promotions 


D. strengths
Câu 2: (26) 


A. accurately   


B. hardly         


C. rightly         


D. sharply
Câu 3: (27) 


A. change                                            


B. way                            


C. chance               


D. practice
Câu 4: (28) 


A. enthusiasm  


B. enthusiastic 


C. enthusiast          


D. enthusiastically
Câu 5: (29) 


A. show           


B. appear         


C. conceal       


D. cover

A.
B.
C.
D.