B. Reading comprehension: Read the text and choose the best answer.
A new study shows that women can reduce their chances of developing heart disease by jogging for about three hours every week. The researchers at Harvard Medical School in Bostonhave just reported the results of the study on the New England Journal of Medicine. The study is the first to show the effectiveness of jogging in the developing of heart disease in women. Only a few earlier studies have examined the effects of jogging on the heart, but nearly all have been done on men. The new study involves more than 72,000 women between the ages of forty and sixty-five during a period of eight years. The researchers have found that women who jog at least three hours a week have a thirty to forty percent lower chance of suffering a heart attack than those who do not.
_________ have done the research.
A.The journalists on the New England Journal of Medicine
B.The researchers at Harvard Medical School in Boston
C.Women between the ages of forty and sixty-five
D.Some joggers

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Read the following passage and mark the letter (A, B, C or D) on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each for the question from 41 to 50.

ACID DUST

“ Calcite- containing dust particles blow into the air and combine with nitric acid in polluted air from factories to form an entirely new particle – calcium nitrate,” said Alexander Laskin, a senior research scientist at the Department of Energy’s Pacific Northwest National Laboratory in Richland, Washington. These nitrates have optical and chemical properties that are completely different from those of the originally dry dust particles . Due to this , climate models need to be updated to reflect this chemistry . Calcite dust is common in arid areas such as Israel , where scientists collected particles for analysis.
Working from a mountaintop, the team collected dust that had blown in from the northern shores of Egypt, Sinai, and southern Israel. The particles had combined with air containing pollutants that came from Cairo. They analyzed nearly 2,00 individual particles and observed the physical and chemical changes at the W.R Wiley Environmental Sciences Laboratory.
A key change in the properties of the newly formed nitrate particles is that they begin to absorb water and retain the moisture. These wet particles can scatter and absorb sunlight-presenting climate modelers, who need to know where the energy is going, a new wild card to deal with . Companion studies of dust samples from the Sahara and the Saudi coast and loess from China show that the higher the calcium in the mineral , the more reactive they are in with nitric acid .And once the particle is changed, it stays that way.
“When dust storms kick up these particles and they enter polluted areas, the particles change,” Laskin said. “ To what extent this is happening globally, as more of the world becomes industrialized, we don’t know. But now e have the laboratory and field evidence that shows it is definitely happening. The story is much more complicated than anybody thought .”
What is the purpose of the passage ?
A.To convince the reader that calcium nitrate is bad.
B.To inform the reader of a new problem in climate modeling.
C.To show how calcium nitrate was created.
D.To show where calcium nitrate was first discovered.