V. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
            Because writing has become so important in our culture, we sometimes think of it as more real than speech. A little thought will show why speech is primary and writing secondary to language. Human beings have been writing at least 5,000 years, but they have been talking for much longer, doubtless ever since there have been human beings. When writing developed, it was derived from and represented speech, although imperfectly. Even today, there are spoken languages that have no written form. Furthermore, we all learn to talk well before we learn to write; any child who is not severely handicapped physically or mentally will learn to talk: a normal man cannot be prevented from doing so. On the other hand, it takes a special effort to learn to write; in the past, many intelligent and useful members of society did not acquire the skill, and even today many who speak languages with writing systems never learn to read or write while some who learn the rudiments of those skills do so imperfectly.
To affirm the primacy of speech over writing is not to disparage the later. One advantage writing has over speech is that it is more permanent and makes possible the records that any civilization must have. Thus, if speaking makes us human, writing makes us civilized.
The word “disparage” in the passage mostly means…………..
A.“think that something is more important”
B.“make something seem more important”
C.“think about something carefully”
D.“suggest that something is not important or valuable”

Another example of unsatisfying job is that many who wanted to become teachers have become __________.
A.instructors                         
B.journalists                       
C.police inspectors          
D.shop assistants

Choose the best answer to each of the following question.
Running after that thief was very......................of you.
A.courage
B.courageous
C.encouraged
D.discouraged

III/ Choose the word or phrase - a, b, c or d - that best completes the sentence or substitutes for the underlined word or phrase.
He built _____ his collection over a period of ten years.
A.in                   
B.on
C.into                                     
D.up

According to the writer, _______
A.London is a center of shopping
B.London is the most populous city in Europe
C.tourists cannot find any galleries in London
D.the population in London is less than 7 million

Read the passages and the questions or unfinished sentences. Then choose the answer (A, B, C or D) that you think fits best.
 CHILD LABOUR
            Child workers, some as young as 10, have been found working in a textile (45)………….in conditions described as close to slavery to produce clothes that appear destined for one of the major high street retailers
            Speaking to a British newspaper, the children described long hours of (46)…….work and threats and beatings. The company said it was unaware that clothing intended for its (47)…………had been improperly outsourced to a (48)………..that used child labour. It further announced it had withdrawn the garments involved until it had investigated the alleged breaches of the (49)………..code it imposed on manufacturers three years ago.
            The discovery of these children working in appalling conditions in the Shahpur Jat area of Delhi has renewed concerns about the outsourcing by some large retail chains of their (50)………..production to India, recognised by the United Nations as one of the world’s hotspots for child labour. According to one (51)…….., over 20 per cent of India’s economy is (52)………..on children, which comes to a total of 55 million youngsters under 14 working.
            (53)…………in the West should not only be demanding answers from retailers about how their (54)……..are produced but also should be looking into their consciences at how they spend their money and whether cheap prices in the West are worth the suffering caused to so many children.
(47)
A.stores
B.branch            
C.outlet
D.warehouses

__________(4)
A.easy
B.little
C.short
D.small

During the earthquake, a lot of buildings collapsed, which killed thousands of people.  
A.went off accidentally  
B.fell down unexpectedly
C.exploded suddenly 
D. erupted violently

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the rest in the position of the main stress in each of the followings.

A.environment           
B.fundamental            
C.compulsory 
D.technology

Choose the best answer to complete the following sentences.
Oleg is always willing to give advice, and his advice is usually valuable. He’s                     .
A.dirt cheap   
B.the tip of the iceberg 
C.down-to-earth   
D.up the creck