No sooner had gold been discovered in California than thousands of people set out for the west coast of North America.
A.It was not soon after the time that gold had been uncovered in California that thousands of people departed for North America’s west coast.
B.The west coast of North America became the destination of thousands of people the moment that gold was found in California.
C.Thousands of people had already begun their joumey to the west coast of North America by the time gold was found in California.
D.Thousands of people were heading for California on the west coast of North America vvhen the news of the discovery of gold there reached them.

I see no reason to change my clothes so long as they are not excessive dirty.
A.I will have to change my clothes if they get any less clean than they currently are.
B.If my clothes were a bit dirty, then probably I would think about changing them.
C.It is illosical to change my clothes when they are not actually dirty.
D.Provided my clothes are not very dirty, I do not think it necessary to change them.

Jane was supposed to have taken her laptop to work this morning - she must have forgotten it.
A.Jane possibly forgot that she had to take her laptop with her to work this morning.
B.It is probable that Jane accidentally left her Iaptop here, as she had to take it to work this morning.
C.Jane really needs to remember to bring her laptop with her to work this morning.
D.Jane may not have to remember to bring her laptop with her to work this morning although she should have done so.

Which ofthe following best describes the overall organization of the passage?
A.The author describes a concept by analyzing its three forms.
B.The author compares and contrasts two types of human relations.
C.The author presents the points of view of three experts on the same topic.
D.The author provides a number of concrete examples and then draws a conclusion.

As used throughout the passage, the term “common” is closest in meaning to which of the following?
A.Popular
B.Shared
C.Vulgar
D.Ordinary

Which of the following is an example of the third form of cooperation as it is defined in the passage?
A.Students form a study group so that all of them can improve their grades.
B.A new business attempts to take customers away from an established company.
C.Two rival political parties temporarily work together to defeat a third party.
D.Members of a farming community share work and the food that they grow.

Which of the following statements about primary cooperation is supported by information in passage?
A.It was confined to prehistoric times.
B.It is usually the first stage of cooperation achieved by a group of individuals attempting to cooperate.
C.It is an ideal that can never be achieved.
D.It is most commonly seen among people who have not yet developed reading and writing skills.

According to the passage, why do people join groups that practice secondary cooperation?
A.To associate with people who have similar backgrounds.
B.To get rewards themselves.
C.To defeat a common enemy.
D.To experience the satisfaction of cooperation.

The word “cherished” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to __________ .
A.agreed on
B.prized
C.set up
D.defined

It can be inferred from the passage that research concerning the distress signals of trees _________ .
A.is no longer sponsored by the government
B.has been unproductive up to now
C.was conducted many years ago
D.is continuing