Read the following passage and the mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 32 to 41.
Plants and animals will find it difficult to escape from or adjust to the effects of global warming. Scientists have already observed shifts in the lifecycles of many plants and animals, such as flowers blooming earlier and birds hatching earlier in the spring. Many species have begun shifting where they live or their annual migration patterns due to warmer temperatures.
With further warming, animals will tend to migrate toward the poles and up mountainsides toward higher elevations. Plants will attempt to shift their ranges, seeking new areas as old habitats grow too warm. In many places, however, human development will prevent these shifts. Species that find cities or farmland blocking their way north or south may become extinct. Species living in unique ecosystems, such as those found in popular and mountaintop regions, are specially at risk because migration to new habitats is not possible. For example, polar bears and marine mammals in the Arctic are already threatened by dwindling sea ice but have nowhere father north to go.
Projecting species extinction due to global warming is extremely difficult. Some scientists have estimated that 20 to 50 percent of species could be committed to extinction with 2 to 3 Celsius degrees of further warming. The rate of warming, not just the magnitude, is extremely important for plants and animals. Some species and even entire ecosystems, such as certain types of forest, may not be able to adjust quickly enough and may disappear.
Ocean ecosystems, especially fragile ones like coral reefs, will also be affected by global warming. Warmer ocean temperatures can cause coral to “bleach”, a state which if prolonged will lead  to the death of the coral. Scientists estimate that even 1 Celsius degree of additional warming could lead to widespread bleaching and death of coral reefs around the world. Also, increasing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere enters the ocean and increases the acidity of the waters. This acidification further stresses ocean ecosystems.
From “Global Warming” by Michael Mastrandrea and Stephen H.Schneider
The level of acidity in the ocean is increased by __________
A.the loss of acidity in the atmosphere around the earth
B.the decrease of acidity of the pole waters
C.the extinction of species in coastal areas
D.the rising amount of carbon dioxide entering the ocean

Read the following passage and the mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 32 to 41.
Plants and animals will find it difficult to escape from or adjust to the effects of global warming. Scientists have already observed shifts in the lifecycles of many plants and animals, such as flowers blooming earlier and birds hatching earlier in the spring. Many species have begun shifting where they live or their annual migration patterns due to warmer temperatures.
With further warming, animals will tend to migrate toward the poles and up mountainsides toward higher elevations. Plants will attempt to shift their ranges, seeking new areas as old habitats grow too warm. In many places, however, human development will prevent these shifts. Species that find cities or farmland blocking their way north or south may become extinct. Species living in unique ecosystems, such as those found in popular and mountaintop regions, are specially at risk because migration to new habitats is not possible. For example, polar bears and marine mammals in the Arctic are already threatened by dwindling sea ice but have nowhere father north to go.
Projecting species extinction due to global warming is extremely difficult. Some scientists have estimated that 20 to 50 percent of species could be committed to extinction with 2 to 3 Celsius degrees of further warming. The rate of warming, not just the magnitude, is extremely important for plants and animals. Some species and even entire ecosystems, such as certain types of forest, may not be able to adjust quickly enough and may disappear.
Ocean ecosystems, especially fragile ones like coral reefs, will also be affected by global warming. Warmer ocean temperatures can cause coral to “bleach”, a state which if prolonged will lead  to the death of the coral. Scientists estimate that even 1 Celsius degree of additional warming could lead to widespread bleaching and death of coral reefs around the world. Also, increasing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere enters the ocean and increases the acidity of the waters. This acidification further stresses ocean ecosystems.
From “Global Warming” by Michael Mastrandrea and Stephen H.Schneider
What does the passage mainly discuss?
A.Global warming and possible solutions
B.Global warming and species migration
C.Influence of climate changes on human lifestyles
D.Effects of global warming on animals and plants

Read the following passage and mark the letter A,B,C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 42 to 51.
       Library is a collection of books and other informational materials made available to people for reading, study, or reference. The word library comes (42)_________ liber, the Latin word for  “ book” . (43) _____ , library collections have almost always contained a variety of materials. Contemporary libraries maintain collections that include not only printed materials such as manuscripts, books , newspapers, and magazines, (44)_______ audio-visual and online databases. In addition (45) _____ maintaining collections within library buildings, modern libraries often feature telecommunications links that provide users with access to information at remote sites.
       The central mission of a library (46) _______ to collect , organize, preserve, and provide access to knowledge and information. In fulfilling this mission, libraries preserve a valuable record of culture that can be passed down to (47)_______ generations. Libraries are an essential link in this communication between the past , present, and future. Whether the cultural record is contained in books or in electronic formats, libraries ensure (48) ____ the record is preserved and made available for later use.
        People use library resources to gain information about personal (49)__ or to obtain recreational materials such as films and novels. Students use libraries to supplement and enhance their classroom experiences, to learn (50)_____ in locating sources of information, and to develop good reading and study habits. Public officials use libraries to research legislation and public policy issues. One of the most valued of all cultural institutions, the library (51) ___ information and services that are essential to learning and progress.
From “ Library ( institution)” by Richard S.Halsey et al

A.abilities  
B.skills
C.capacities  
D.talents

Read the following passage and mark the letter A,B,C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 42 to 51.
       Library is a collection of books and other informational materials made available to people for reading, study, or reference. The word library comes (42)_________ liber, the Latin word for  “ book” . (43) _____ , library collections have almost always contained a variety of materials. Contemporary libraries maintain collections that include not only printed materials such as manuscripts, books , newspapers, and magazines, (44)_______ audio-visual and online databases. In addition (45) _____ maintaining collections within library buildings, modern libraries often feature telecommunications links that provide users with access to information at remote sites.
       The central mission of a library (46) _______ to collect , organize, preserve, and provide access to knowledge and information. In fulfilling this mission, libraries preserve a valuable record of culture that can be passed down to (47)_______ generations. Libraries are an essential link in this communication between the past , present, and future. Whether the cultural record is contained in books or in electronic formats, libraries ensure (48) ____ the record is preserved and made available for later use.
        People use library resources to gain information about personal (49)__ or to obtain recreational materials such as films and novels. Students use libraries to supplement and enhance their classroom experiences, to learn (50)_____ in locating sources of information, and to develop good reading and study habits. Public officials use libraries to research legislation and public policy issues. One of the most valued of all cultural institutions, the library (51) ___ information and services that are essential to learning and progress.
From “ Library ( institution)” by Richard S.Halsey et al

A.attractions        
B.appeals
C.interests        
D.profits

Read the following passage and mark the letter A,B,C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 42 to 51.
       Library is a collection of books and other informational materials made available to people for reading, study, or reference. The word library comes (42)_________ liber, the Latin word for  “ book” . (43) _____ , library collections have almost always contained a variety of materials. Contemporary libraries maintain collections that include not only printed materials such as manuscripts, books , newspapers, and magazines, (44)_______ audio-visual and online databases. In addition (45) _____ maintaining collections within library buildings, modern libraries often feature telecommunications links that provide users with access to information at remote sites.
       The central mission of a library (46) _______ to collect , organize, preserve, and provide access to knowledge and information. In fulfilling this mission, libraries preserve a valuable record of culture that can be passed down to (47)_______ generations. Libraries are an essential link in this communication between the past , present, and future. Whether the cultural record is contained in books or in electronic formats, libraries ensure (48) ____ the record is preserved and made available for later use.
        People use library resources to gain information about personal (49)__ or to obtain recreational materials such as films and novels. Students use libraries to supplement and enhance their classroom experiences, to learn (50)_____ in locating sources of information, and to develop good reading and study habits. Public officials use libraries to research legislation and public policy issues. One of the most valued of all cultural institutions, the library (51) ___ information and services that are essential to learning and progress.
From “ Library ( institution)” by Richard S.Halsey et al

A.who
B.what
C.which
D.that

Read the following passage and mark the letter A,B,C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 42 to 51.
       Library is a collection of books and other informational materials made available to people for reading, study, or reference. The word library comes (42)_________ liber, the Latin word for  “ book” . (43) _____ , library collections have almost always contained a variety of materials. Contemporary libraries maintain collections that include not only printed materials such as manuscripts, books , newspapers, and magazines, (44)_______ audio-visual and online databases. In addition (45) _____ maintaining collections within library buildings, modern libraries often feature telecommunications links that provide users with access to information at remote sites.
       The central mission of a library (46) _______ to collect , organize, preserve, and provide access to knowledge and information. In fulfilling this mission, libraries preserve a valuable record of culture that can be passed down to (47)_______ generations. Libraries are an essential link in this communication between the past , present, and future. Whether the cultural record is contained in books or in electronic formats, libraries ensure (48) ____ the record is preserved and made available for later use.
        People use library resources to gain information about personal (49)__ or to obtain recreational materials such as films and novels. Students use libraries to supplement and enhance their classroom experiences, to learn (50)_____ in locating sources of information, and to develop good reading and study habits. Public officials use libraries to research legislation and public policy issues. One of the most valued of all cultural institutions, the library (51) ___ information and services that are essential to learning and progress.
From “ Library ( institution)” by Richard S.Halsey et al

A.success
B.successful 
C.succeed
D.succeeding

Read the following passage and mark the letter A,B,C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 42 to 51.
       Library is a collection of books and other informational materials made available to people for reading, study, or reference. The word library comes (42)_________ liber, the Latin word for  “ book” . (43) _____ , library collections have almost always contained a variety of materials. Contemporary libraries maintain collections that include not only printed materials such as manuscripts, books , newspapers, and magazines, (44)_______ audio-visual and online databases. In addition (45) _____ maintaining collections within library buildings, modern libraries often feature telecommunications links that provide users with access to information at remote sites.
       The central mission of a library (46) _______ to collect , organize, preserve, and provide access to knowledge and information. In fulfilling this mission, libraries preserve a valuable record of culture that can be passed down to (47)_______ generations. Libraries are an essential link in this communication between the past , present, and future. Whether the cultural record is contained in books or in electronic formats, libraries ensure (48) ____ the record is preserved and made available for later use.
        People use library resources to gain information about personal (49)__ or to obtain recreational materials such as films and novels. Students use libraries to supplement and enhance their classroom experiences, to learn (50)_____ in locating sources of information, and to develop good reading and study habits. Public officials use libraries to research legislation and public policy issues. One of the most valued of all cultural institutions, the library (51) ___ information and services that are essential to learning and progress.
From “ Library ( institution)” by Richard S.Halsey et al

A.have
B.is
C.has
D.are

Read the following passage and mark the letter A,B,C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 42 to 51.
       Library is a collection of books and other informational materials made available to people for reading, study, or reference. The word library comes (42)_________ liber, the Latin word for  “ book” . (43) _____ , library collections have almost always contained a variety of materials. Contemporary libraries maintain collections that include not only printed materials such as manuscripts, books , newspapers, and magazines, (44)_______ audio-visual and online databases. In addition (45) _____ maintaining collections within library buildings, modern libraries often feature telecommunications links that provide users with access to information at remote sites.
       The central mission of a library (46) _______ to collect , organize, preserve, and provide access to knowledge and information. In fulfilling this mission, libraries preserve a valuable record of culture that can be passed down to (47)_______ generations. Libraries are an essential link in this communication between the past , present, and future. Whether the cultural record is contained in books or in electronic formats, libraries ensure (48) ____ the record is preserved and made available for later use.
        People use library resources to gain information about personal (49)__ or to obtain recreational materials such as films and novels. Students use libraries to supplement and enhance their classroom experiences, to learn (50)_____ in locating sources of information, and to develop good reading and study habits. Public officials use libraries to research legislation and public policy issues. One of the most valued of all cultural institutions, the library (51) ___ information and services that are essential to learning and progress.
From “ Library ( institution)” by Richard S.Halsey et al

A.to
B.in
C.from
D.on

Read the following passage and mark the letter A,B,C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 42 to 51.
       Library is a collection of books and other informational materials made available to people for reading, study, or reference. The word library comes (42)_________ liber, the Latin word for  “ book” . (43) _____ , library collections have almost always contained a variety of materials. Contemporary libraries maintain collections that include not only printed materials such as manuscripts, books , newspapers, and magazines, (44)_______ audio-visual and online databases. In addition (45) _____ maintaining collections within library buildings, modern libraries often feature telecommunications links that provide users with access to information at remote sites.
       The central mission of a library (46) _______ to collect , organize, preserve, and provide access to knowledge and information. In fulfilling this mission, libraries preserve a valuable record of culture that can be passed down to (47)_______ generations. Libraries are an essential link in this communication between the past , present, and future. Whether the cultural record is contained in books or in electronic formats, libraries ensure (48) ____ the record is preserved and made available for later use.
        People use library resources to gain information about personal (49)__ or to obtain recreational materials such as films and novels. Students use libraries to supplement and enhance their classroom experiences, to learn (50)_____ in locating sources of information, and to develop good reading and study habits. Public officials use libraries to research legislation and public policy issues. One of the most valued of all cultural institutions, the library (51) ___ information and services that are essential to learning and progress.
From “ Library ( institution)” by Richard S.Halsey et al

A.but also                   
B.as well                    
C.or else                
D.only if

Read the following passage and mark the letter A,B,C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 42 to 51.
       Library is a collection of books and other informational materials made available to people for reading, study, or reference. The word library comes (42)_________ liber, the Latin word for  “ book” . (43) _____ , library collections have almost always contained a variety of materials. Contemporary libraries maintain collections that include not only printed materials such as manuscripts, books , newspapers, and magazines, (44)_______ audio-visual and online databases. In addition (45) _____ maintaining collections within library buildings, modern libraries often feature telecommunications links that provide users with access to information at remote sites.
       The central mission of a library (46) _______ to collect , organize, preserve, and provide access to knowledge and information. In fulfilling this mission, libraries preserve a valuable record of culture that can be passed down to (47)_______ generations. Libraries are an essential link in this communication between the past , present, and future. Whether the cultural record is contained in books or in electronic formats, libraries ensure (48) ____ the record is preserved and made available for later use.
        People use library resources to gain information about personal (49)__ or to obtain recreational materials such as films and novels. Students use libraries to supplement and enhance their classroom experiences, to learn (50)_____ in locating sources of information, and to develop good reading and study habits. Public officials use libraries to research legislation and public policy issues. One of the most valued of all cultural institutions, the library (51) ___ information and services that are essential to learning and progress.
From “ Library ( institution)” by Richard S.Halsey et al

A.However
B.Despite
C.Instead
D.Therefore