Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 3 to 9.Most people can remember a phone number for up to thirty seconds. When this short amount of time elapses, however, the numbers are erased from the memory. How did the information get there in the first place? Information that makes its way to the short term memory (STM) does so via the sensory storage area. The brain has a filter which only allows stimuli that is of immediate interest to pass on to the STM, also known as the working memory.There is much debate about the capacity and duration of the short term memory. The most accepted theory comes from George A. Miller, a cognitive psychologist who suggested that humans can remember approximately seven chunks of information. A chunk is defined as a meaningful unit of information, such as a word or name rather than just a letter or number. Modern theorists suggest that one can increase the capacity of the short term memory by chunking, or classifying similar information together. By organizing information, one can optimize the STM, and improve the chances of a memory being passed on to long term storage.When making a conscious effort to memorize something, such as information for an exam, many people engage in "rote rehearsal". By repeating something over and over again, one is able to keep a memory alive. Unfortunately, this type of memory maintenance only succeeds if there are no interruptions. As soon as a person stops rehearsing the information, it has the tendency to disappear. When a pen and paper are not handy, people often attempt to remember a phone number by repeating it aloud. If the doorbell rings or the dog barks to come in before a person has the opportunity to make a phone call, he will likely forget the number instantly. Therefore, rote rehearsal is not an efficient way to pass information from the short term to long term memory. A better way is to practice "elaborate rehearsal". This involves assigning semantic meaning to a piece of information so that it can be filed along with other pre-existing long term memories.Encoding information semantically also makes it more retrievable. Retrieving information can be done by recognition or recall. Humans can easily recall memories that are stored in the long term memory and used often; however, if a memory seems to be forgotten, it may eventually be retrieved by prompting. The more cues a person is given (such as pictures), the more likely a memory can be retrieved. This is why multiple choice tests are often used for subjects that require a lot of memorization.
Câu 1: According to the passage, how do memories get transferred to the STM?


A. They revert from the long term memory.


B. They get chunked when they enter the brain.


C. They enter via the nervous system.


D. They are filtered from the sensory storage area.
Câu 2: The word “elapses” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ______.


A. passes                     


B. appears                   


C. continues                


D. wastes
Câu 3: All of the following are mentioned as places in which memories are stored EXCEPT ______.


A. maintenance area     


B. long term memory 


C. sensory storage area 


D. STM
Câu 4: Why does the author mention a dog's bark?


A. To give an example of a type of memory


B. To compare another sound that is loud like a doorbell


C. To prove that dogs have better memories than humans


D. To provide a type of interruption
Câu 5: The word “This” in paragraph 3 most probably refers to ______.


A. information             


B. long-term memory C


C. a better way      


D. elaborate rehearsal
Câu 6: The word “cues” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ______.


A. hints                        


B. recognition              


C. relaxation                


D. fun
Câu 7: Which of the following is NOT supported by the passage?


A. A memory is kept alive through constant repetition.


B. Multiple choice exams are the most difficult.


C. The working memory is the same as the short term memory.


D. Cues help people to recognize information.

A.
B.
C.
D.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions.
Câu 1:


A. confide                           


B. maintain                         


C. require                            


D. major
Câu 2:


A. commercial             


B. disaster                    


C. animal                     


D. extinction

A.
B.
C.
D.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Câu 1: The pool should not be made so deep ______ small children can be safe there.


A. if  


B.  so as to      


C. though                    


D. so that
Câu 2: We all agree that she is ______ student in our class.


A. the cleverest


B. a more clever  


C. most clever     


D. cleverest
Câu 3: There has been a great increase in retail sales, ______?


A. hasn’t there   


B. isn’t there         


C.  isn’t it    


D. doesn’t it
Câu 4: Long ago, women were ______ to vote in political elections.


A. prevented               


B. stopped                    


C. forbidden                


D. banned
Câu 5: In spite of her abilities, Laura has been ______ overlooked for promotion.   


A. repeat                      


B. repeatedly               


C. repetitive                 


D. repetition
Câu 6: Only one of our gifted students _____ to participate in the final competition.


A. has been chosen  


B. have been chosen   


C. were choosing


D. chosen
Câu 7: The Lake District, ______ was made a national park in 1951, attracts a large number of tourists every year.


A. that                         


B. where                      


C. what                       


D. which
Câu 8: I wonder who drank all the milk yesterday. It ______ have been Jane because she was out all day.


A. can’t                       


B. must                        


C. could                      


D. needn’t
Câu 9: It is no use ______ over split milk.


A. crying                     


B.  to cry    


C.  to be crying  


D. cried
Câu 10: He succeeded _______ getting a scholarship.


A. in                            


B. about                       


C. for                           


D. on
Câu 11: Five thousand dollars _______ big sum of money. It’s worth trying.


A. are too 


B. is not    


C. aren’t                      


D. be
Câu 12: It is not _______ the bounds of possibility that we'll all meet again one day.


A. beyond                   


B. in                            


C. under                      


D. over
Câu 13: A small _____ of this medicine should be enough to lessen the pain.


A. part                         


B. dose                        


C. size                         


D. ration
Câu 14: This test is _______ easy! I didn’t even study, but I will get a high score.


A. ridiculously 


B. highly                     


C. deeply                     


D. strongly
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1800.6947

A.
B.
C.
D.

Exercise 5. Read the passage carefully and choose the correct answer.The 22nd SEA Games, hosted this year by Vietnam, has joined the international movement to rid sports of tobacco. For the first time, the regional sporting event will be tobacco-free under a landmark cooperative agreement signed in April 2003 between the World Health Organization (WHO), the 22nd SEA Games Organizing Committee and the Vietnamese Ministry of Health. Hanoi Health Department has organized a press seminar to celebrate and raise awareness about the tobacco-free SEA Games.The 22nd SEA Games is the first games hosted by Vietnam and 10 countries from the Southeast Asian region with nearly 8,000 athletes and coaches will participate. It will be the first tobacco-free international sporting event in Vietnam, joining other international tobacco-free sporting events such as the FIFA World Cup 2002, and the Winter Olympic Games 2002.The 22nd SEA Games will ban all sales, advertising and other promotion of tobacco products, and restricts smoking in all Games venues. The aim is to protect spectators, athletes, event staff, media and other visitors from the serious health hazards of second-hand tobacco smoke, as well as to change public attitudes about the social acceptability of smoking.Madame Pascale Brudon, WHO Representative in Vietnam, stated, "Vietnam has established 3 years ago a comprehensive, ambitious national tobacco control policy and a national tobacco control program. The tobacco-free 22nd SEA Games will be yet another area where Vietnam is leading the way for other countries in the region and the world in protecting its citizens from the debilitating and disastrous consequences of tobacco use."WHO has provided funding and technical assistance to the SEA Games Organizing Committee and Vietnamese Ministry of Health to train of over 4,000 SEA Games organizers and volunteers on the implementation of the tobacco-free policy. An international team of trainers from the Ministry of Health, International Organization for Good Temper (lOGT), WHO and International Development Enterprises (IDE) began a series of national training workshops for volunteers in April, 2003.The tobacco-free SEA Games are an inspiration and a model for other sport events, big and small, not only in Vietnam but also in the Southeast Asian and Western Pacific Region.
Câu 1: In the 22nd SEA Games _______.


A. there will be the attendance of athletes from the World Health Organization


B. smoking is not allowed


C.  smoking is only for the leader, not any athletes


D.  is held by the Vietnamese Ministry of Health
Câu 2: According to the text, _______.


A. Vietnam has ever organized several tobacco-free sport events before the 22nd SEA Games


B. the tobacco-free SEA Games in Vietnam has not been approved by any world organizations


C. the tobacco-free SEA Games is not announced to newspapers and magazines


D. the tobacco-free SEA Games in Vietnam has been encouraged and supported by many world organizations
Câu 3: According to the third paragraph, _______.


A. tobacco companies can have an advertising campaign during the SEA Games


B. second-hand tobacco smoke cannot cause any harm to the athletes in the 22nd SEA Games


C. cigarettes are not allowed to sell in the 22nd SEA Games venues


D. everyone can buy cigarettes in the 22nd SEA Games venues except the athletes
Câu 4: One of the aims of the tobacco-free SEA Games is  


A. to sell more and more tobacco during the event


B. to change public attitudes about the social acceptability of smoking


C. to reduce the production of tobacco


D. to help athletes to solve the problems of the serious health hazards
Câu 5: Which sentence is not true?


A. Vietnam itself has to pay a lot for the volunteers on the implementation of the tobacco-free policy.


B. The tobacco-free SEA Games in Vietnam get great support from several world organizations


C. The tobacco-free SEA Games is considered a model for other sport events.


D. There are national training workshops for volunteers in April, 2003 for the tobacco-free SEA Games.

A.
B.
C.
D.

Exercise 2. Choose the word which is stressed differently from the rest.
Câu 1:


A. enthusiast                


B. successfully            


C. competitor             


D. participation
Câu 2:


A. spirit                                   


B. impress                   


C. event                       


D. perform
Câu 3:


A. development                       


B. cooperation             


C. surprisingly             


D. facility
Câu 4:


A. festival                    


B. badminton               


C. participant               


D. organize
Câu 5:


A. solidarity                 


B. energetic                 


C. excellently              


D. combination

A.
B.
C.
D.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50.Plants and animals will find it difficult to escape from or adjust to the effects of global warming. Scientists have already observed shifts in the lifecycles of many plants and animals, such as flowers blooming earlier and birds hatching earlier in the spring. Many species have begun shifting where they live or their annual migration patterns due to warmer temperatures. With further warming, animals will tend to migrate toward the poles and up mountainsides toward higher elevations. Plants will also attempt to shift their ranges, seeking new areas as old habitats grow too warm. In many places, however, human development will prevent these shifts. Species that find cities or farmland blocking their way north or south may become extinct. Species living in unique ecosystems, such as those found in polar and mountaintop regions, are especially at risk because migration to new habitats is not possible. For example, polar bears and marine mammals in the Arctic are already threatened by dwindling sea ice but have nowhere farther north to go. Projecting species extinction due to global warming is extremely difficult. Some scientists have estimated that 20 to 50 percent of species could be committed to extinction with 2 to 3 Celsius degrees of further warming. The rate of warming, not just the magnitude, is extremely important for plants and animals. Some species and even entire ecosystems, such as certain types of forest, may not be able to adjust quickly enough and may disappear. Ocean ecosystems, especially fragile ones like coral reefs, will also be affected by global warming. Warmer ocean temperatures can cause coral to “bleach”, a state which if prolonged will lead to the death of the coral. Scientists estimate that even 1 Celsius degree of additional warming could lead to widespread bleaching and death of coral reefs around the world. Also, increasing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere enters the ocean and increases the acidity of ocean waters. This acidification further stresses ocean ecosystems.
Câu 1: Scientists have observed that warmer temperatures in the spring cause flowers to ______.


A.  die instantly     


B. bloom earlier     


C. become lighter    


D. lose color
Câu 2: According to paragraph 2, when their habitats grow warmer, animals tend to move ______.


A. south-eastwards and down mountainsides toward lower elevations


B. north-westwards and up mountainsides toward higher elevations


C.  toward the North Pole and down mountainsides toward lower elevations


D. toward the poles and up mountainsides toward higher elevations
Câu 3: The pronoun “those” in paragraph 2 refers to ______.


A. species                                


B. ecosystems                          


C. habitats                               


D. areas
Câu 4: It is mentioned in the passage that if the global temperature rose by 2 or 3 Celsius degrees, ______.


A. half of the earth’s surface would be flooded       


B. the sea level would rise by 20 centimeters


C.  water supply would decrease by 50 percent  


D. 20 to 50 percent of species could become extinct
Câu 5: According to the passage, if some species are not able to adjust quickly to warmer temperatures, ______.


A. they may be endangered  


B. they can begin to develop


C. they will certainly need water              


D. they move to tropical forests
Câu 6: The word “fragile” in paragraph 4 most probably means ______.


A. very large     


B. easily damaged


C. rather strong 


D. pretty hard
Câu 7: The bleaching of coral reefs as mentioned in paragraph 4 indicates ______.


A. the water absorption of coral reefs      


B.  the quick growth of marine mammals


C. the blooming phase of sea weeds             


D. the slow death of coral reefs 
Câu 8: What does the passage mainly discuss?


A. Influence of climate changes on human lifestyles


B. Effects of global warming on animals and plants


C. Global warming and possible solutions


D. Global warming and species migration
024.7300.7989
1800.6947

A.
B.
C.
D.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 38 to 42.Some people think that a spider is an insect, but it is an arachnid. Arachnids have two main body parts and eight walking legs while insects have three main body parts and six legs. Many insects can fly, but spiders cannot fly.There are many different kinds of spiders around the world. They come in different colors, such as black, brown, white, yellow, and orange. Spiders usually live for one year but a spider called the Tarantula lives as long as 20 years. Some spiders are very small but some are so large they can fit a dinner plate.The most unusual thing is that a spider can spin a web. Spiders have silk in their stomach and they use the silk to make a web. The web is the spider's home. But the spider does not stick to its own web because its legs have oil them. It is very strong and sticky. The web is used to catch insects. When an insect is trapped on a spider's web, the spider wraps the insect in silk. It eats the insect at a later time. However, the spider does not really eat it. Since it has no teeth, it puts venom in the insect to make it a liquid.
Câu 1: What is the main topic of the passage?


A. Facts about spiders 


B. The parts of a spider's body


C. How a spider makes its home       


D. The eating habits of spiders
Câu 2: Why does the author mention a dinner plate in paragraph 2?


A. To suggest that spiders can be eaten     


B. To show a way to measure spider size


C. To give an example how big some spiders are   


D. To point out that the larger spiders are safe
Câu 3: The word “it” in paragraph 3 refers to _______.


A. a spider    


B. the web


C. their stomach


D. an insect
Câu 4: The word “wraps” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _____.


A. folds                                   


B. binds                       


C. drinks                     


D. bites
Câu 5: All of the following are true EXCEPT that _________.


A. spiders have a different body structure from that of insects


B. spiders have various colors and mostly live for a year


C. special spiders can spin a web and catch insects by it


D. spiders use poisons to make their food into a liquid

A.
B.
C.
D.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 33 to 37.Library is a collection of books and other informational materials made available to people for reading, study, or reference. The word library comes from liber, the Latin word for “book”. (33)______, library collections have almost always contained a variety of materials. Contemporary libraries maintain collections that include not only printed materials such as manuscripts, books, newspapers, and magazines, but also audio-visual and online databases. In addition to maintaining collections within library buildings, modern libraries often feature telecommunications links that provide users with access to information at remote sites.The central mission of a library is to collect, organize, preserve, and provide access to knowledge and information. In fulfilling this mission, libraries preserve a valuable record of culture that can be passed down to (34) ______ generations. Libraries are an essential link in this communication between the past, present, and future. Whether the cultural record is contained in books or in electronic formats, libraries ensure (35) ______ the record is preserved and made available for later use. People use library resources to gain information about personal interests or to obtain recreational materials such as films and novels. Students use libraries to supplement and enhance their classroom experiences, to learn (36) ______ in locating sources of information, and to develop good reading and study habits. Public officials use libraries to research legislation and public policy issues. One of the most valued of all cultural institutions, the library (37) ______ information and services that are essential to learning and progress.
Câu 1: (33) 


A. Despite                                             


B. However                    


C. Therefore          


D. Instead
Câu 2: (34)


A. succeeding  


B. succeed       


C. successful   


D. success 
Câu 3: (35) 


A. what                                                 


B. which                         


C. who                   


D. that
Câu 4: (36) 


A. abilities                                             


B. skills                          


C. talents                


D. capacities
Câu 5: (37)


A. relates                                               


B. applies                       


C. supplies             


D. digests

A.
B.
C.
D.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions.
Câu 1: I did not arrive in time. I was not able to see her off.


A. She had left because I was not on time.    


B. I did not go there, so I could not see her off.


C.  I was not early enough to see her off.   


D. I arrived very late to say goodbye to her.
Câu 2: He was successful because he was determined to pursue personal goals. He was not talented.


A. His success lay in his natural ability, not in his determination to pursue personal goals.


B. In addition to his determination, his talent ensured his success in pursuing his goals.


C. His determination to pursue personal goals made him successful and talented.


D. It was his determination to pursue personal goals, not talent, that contributed to his success.

A.
B.
C.
D.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.
Câu 1: Someone stole Jim’s bike yesterday.


A.  Jim’s bike has been stolen yesterday.  


B. Jim had someone steal his bike yesterday.


C.  Jim’s bike is stolen.   


D. Jim had his bike stolen yesterday.
Câu 2: Susan hasn’t driven a car before.


A. It is the first time Susan goes by car.     


B. It is the first time Susan has driven a car.


C. It is the first time Susan goes in a car.       


D. It is the first time Susan is driving a car.
Câu 3: He never suspected that she was a witch.


A.  At no time did he suspect that she was a witch.


B. Never did he suspect that a witch she was.


C. Never a witch did he suspect that she was.


D. No before did he suspect was she a witch.

A.
B.
C.
D.