Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 44 to 50. SPORTS COMMENTARYOne of the most interesting and distinctive of all uses of language is commentary. An oral reporting of ongoing activity, commentary is used in such public arenas as political ceremonies, parades, funerals, fashion shows and cooking demonstrations. The most frequently occurring type of commentary may be that connected with sports and games. In sports there are two kinds of commentary, and both are often used for the same sporting event. “Play-by-play” commentary narrates the sports event, while “colour –adding” or “colour” commentary provides the audience with pre-event background, during-event interpretation, and post-event evaluation. Colour commentary is usually conversational in style and can be a dialogue with two or more commentators.Play-by-play commentary is of interest to linguists because it is unlike other kinds of narrative, which are typically reported in past tense. Play-by-play commentary is reported in present tense. Some examples are “he takes the lead by four” and “she’s in position.” One linguist characterizes radio play-by-play commentary as “a monologue directed at an unknown, unseen mass audience who voluntarily choose to listen…and provide no feedback to the speaker.” It is these characteristics that make this kind of commentary unlike any other type of speech situation.The chief feature of play-by-play commentary is a highly formulaic style of presentation. There is distinctive grammar not only in the use of the present tense but also in the omission of certain elements of sentence structure. For example “Smith in close” eliminates the verb, as some newspaper headlines do. Another example is inverted word order, as in “over at third is Johnson.” Play-by-play commentary is very fluent, keeping up with the pace of the action. The rate is steady and there is little silence. The structure of the commentary is cyclical, reflecting the way most games consist of recurring sequences of short activities---as in tennis and baseball---or a limited number of activity options---as in the various kinds of football. In racing, the structure is even simpler, with the commentator informing the listener of the varying order of the competitors in a “state of play” summary, which is crucial for listeners or viewers who have just tuned in.
Câu 1: The word “that” in paragraph 1 refers to?  


A. commentary                  


B. ongoing activity    


C. language                   


D. sporting event
Câu 2: Which of the following statement is true of colour commentary?


A. It narrates the action of the event in real time, using the present tense.


B. It is a monologue given to an audience that does not respond to the speaker.


C. It is steady and fluent because it must keep up with the action of the event.


D. It gives background on the event, and interprets and evaluates the event.
Câu 3: How is play-by-play commentary distinct from other types of narrative?


A. It is not published in magazines.            


B. It involves only one reporter.


C. It is not spoken in past tense.                                    


D. It takes place after the event.
Câu 4: Why does the author quote a linguist in paragraph 2?


A. To give examples of play-by-play commentary.


B. To show how technical sports commentary is.


C. To describe the uniqueness of radio play-by-play.


D. To criticize past trends in sports commentary.
Câu 5: The word “pace” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to?


A. speed                      


B. score                    


C. cause                      


D. plan
Câu 6: The word “crucial” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to?


A. fascinating             


B. important             


C. confusing               


D. generous
Câu 7: It can be inferred from the passage that the author most likely agrees with which of the following statements about sports commentary?


A. Sports commentators should work hard to improve their grammar.


B. Sports commentators do not need special knowledge of the sport.


C. Colour commentary is more important than play-by-play commentary.


D. Commentary enhances the excitement and enjoyment of sports.

A.
B.
C.
D.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits to each of the numbered blanks from 33 to 37.The natural worldThe wildlife of the Juan Fernandez Archipelago remained undisturbed until the arrival of European settlers, who introduced their animals to the Islands. Amongst these were goats and cows to be bred for meat and milk, but also rats and mice which had jumped ship. Cats later brought over to kill these pests also quickly escaped into the (33) ________. Little did the settlers understand the impact this would have on local species. The rabbits they'd brought over too, could not be held in captivity for long, and their numbers rapidly expanded. But it was not just fauna that arrived but also (34) ________. Plants such as the blackberry bramble flourished in the tropical climate and spread throughout the native forest.In the past, the islands’ birds had no natural predators. Many therefore evolved to lay their eggs in ground nests. This habit now makes them incredibly (35) _________ as rats and mice destroy their eggs and cats devour the newly hatched chicks. Meanwhile grazing goats, rabbits and cows have turned once fertile valleys into wasteland. One now rare tree species is known as the Luma, in which firecrown hummingbirds nests. Today the Luma is being covered over by spiky blackberry brambles, the hummingbird’s natural habitat is disappearing and the fear is that they will soon (36) ________. Conservationists from Chile and around the world are uniting to show the urgent need for preservation of these islands' original and unique species. They know the best way to do this is to (37) _________ the plants and animals that are alien species.
Câu 1: (33) 


A. landscape                 


B. surroundings                 


C. scenery                 


D. wild
Câu 2: (34) 


A. crops                        


B. flora                              


C. vegetation             


D. weeds
Câu 3: (35) 


A. susceptible               


B. risky                              


C. incapable              


D. vulnerable
Câu 4: (36) 


A. wipe out 


B. die out         


C. pass away             


D.  go through
Câu 5: (37) 


A. ban                           


B. abolish                           


C. eradicate


D. demolish

A.
B.
C.
D.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 28 to 32.Teenage fictionTeenagers have their own TV channels, websites and magazines. So what about books?Last year one publisher, Martins, started publishing a series called Waves. We spoke to the director Julia Smith. She explained, “Teenage fiction has been published since the 1970s but publishers have never been particularly successful in getting teenagers to buy and read books. Now they’re realizing that teenagers aren’t just older children but they’re not adults either and often aren’t interested in adult fiction. For this series we’re looking for new writers who write especially for teenagers.”Athene Gorr’s novel was published in the series last year and is selling well. Its title is The Purple Ring. She says, “The important thing is to persuade teenagers to pick up your book. I’m a new writer so, although I’ve got an unusual name which people might remember, nobody knows it yet! But my book has a fantastic cover which makes people want to look inside. Then they realize what a brilliant story it is!”And what do teenagers themselves think about the series? We talked to Sophie Clarke, aged 15. She said, “I’ve read a few books in the Waves series. They say they’re for 14-19 year olds and I agree with that. We’re not interested in the same things as people in their twenties and thirties. I like them and I think they look really good too. The only thing is that because bookshops put them in the children’s section, lots of teenagers won’t find them so they may not do very well. And it’s a shame there’s no non-fiction in the series as I think lots of teenagers, especially boys, might buy that.”
Câu 1: What is the writer trying to do?


A. give information about a new series of books


B. explain why teenager fiction is easier to write than adult fiction


C. persuade authors to write more teenager fiction


D. compare different series of teenager fiction
Câu 2: Julia Smith says publisher now recognize that teenagers _________.  


A. can enjoy the same kind of stories as adults


B. are more interested in reading nowadays


C. grow up more quickly nowadays


D. are neither children nor adults
Câu 3: Athne Gorr thinks teenagers were attracted to her book because of _________.


A. its cover            


B. the story     


C. its title    


D. her name
Câu 4: What does Sophie Clarke say about the books in the Waves series?


A. They shouldn’t be kept with children’s books.


B. She would prefer to read adult fiction.


C. They will be brought by lots of teenagers.


D. She isn’t keen on the design.
Câu 5: Which of these paragraphs could be used to advertise the Waves series?


A. “This series is for all teenagers and those who are nearly teenagers. Whether you’re 10 or 19, you’ll find something here to please you.”


B. “Choose a book from the Waves series. It includes both fiction and non-fiction and is aimed at teenagers aged 14+.”


C. “The Waves series has been popular with teenagers since the 1970s. This year we have added 20 new writers to our list.”


D. “If you’re aged between 14 and 19, don’t miss the Waves series which has novels by new authors.”

A.
B.
C.
D.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions.
Câu 1: Ann always keeps up with the latest fashions. She works for a famous fashion house.


A. Despite working for a famous fashion house, Ann hardly keeps up with the latest fashions.


B. Ann always keeps up with the latest fashions so as not to work for a famous fashion house.


C. Not working for a famous fashion house, Ann always keeps up with the latest fahions.


D. Ann works for a famous fashion house, so she always keeps up with the latest fashions.
Câu 2: He was suspected to have stolen credit cards. The police have investigated him for days.


A. He has been investigated for days, suspected to have stolen credit cards.


B. Suspecting to have stolen credit cards, he has been investigated for days.


C. Having suspected to have stolen credit cards, he has been investigated for days.


D. Suspected to have stolen credit cards, he has been investigated for days.

A.
B.
C.
D.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
Câu 1: Fruit and vegetables grew in abundance on that island. The islanders even exported the surplus.


A. large quantities


B. large crops


C. good crops


D. small quantities
Câu 2: I could see the finish line and I thought I was home and dry.


A. successful


B. disappointed 


C. unsuccessful


D. excited

A.
B.
C.
D.

Choose the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation.
Câu 1:


A. serviced                  


B. delivered                 


C. maintained              


D. examined
Câu 2:


A. compare                 


B. dear                                    


C. share                      


D. wear

A.
B.
C.
D.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.          Atomic were once thought to be fundamental pieces of matter, but they are in turn made of smaller subatomic particles There are three major subatomic particles neutrons, protons, and electronic. Protons and neutrons can be broken into even smaller units, but these smaller units not occur naturally in nature and are thought to only be produced in manmade particle accelerators and perhaps in extreme stellar events like supernovas. The structure of an atom can best be described as a small solar system, with the neutrons at the center and the electrons circling them in various orbits, just as the planets circle the sun. In reality, the structure of an atom is far more complex, because the laws of physics are fundamentally different at the atomic level than at the level of the observable word. The true nature of atomic structure can only be expressed accurately through complex mathematical formulas. This explanation, however, is of little use to most average people.             Protons and neutrons have nearly equal mass and size, but protons carry a positive electrical charge, while neutrons carry no charge at all. Protons and neutrons are bound together by the strong nuclear force, one of the four basic forces in the universe. Protons and neutrons give atoms some of their most basic properties. Elements are defined by two numbers: their atomic number, which is equal to the number of protons they have, and their atomic weight, which is equal to total number of their neutrons and protons. In most lighter atoms, the number of neutrons and protons is equal, and the element is stable. In heavier atoms, however, there are more neutrons than protons, and the element is unstable, eventually losing neutrons through radioactive decay until a neutral state is reached.             Electrons are negatively charged particles. They are bound to their atoms through electromagnetic attraction. Opposite electrical charges attract one another, so the positive charge of the proton helps to keep the negatively charged electron in orbit around the nucleus of the atom. Electrons are different from neutrons in that they cannot be broken down into smaller particles. They are also far smaller and lighter than neutrons and protons. An electron is about one thousandth of the diameter of a proton and an even smaller fraction of its mass. Electrons circle the protons and neutrons at the center of the atom in orbits. These orbits are often called electron shells. The closer the orbit is to the center of the atom, the lower its energy is. There are seven electron shells, and each higher level can hold more electrons than the previous shell. Electrons naturally seek to occupy the lowest shell possible. So, if there is space in a lower shell, an electron will drop down to occupy that space. At temperatures higher than a few hundred degrees, electrons will gain energy and move to a higher shell, but only momentarily. When the electrons drop back down to their natural shell, they emit light. This is why fires and other very hot objects seem to glow.     Electrons are also primarily responsible for many of the chemical properties of atoms. Since electrons seek to occupy the lowest electron shell possible, they will move from one atom to another if there is a space available in a lower electron shell. For example, if there is an atom with an open space in its third shell, and it comes into contact with an atom with electrons in its fourth shell, the first atom will take one of these electrons to complete its third shell. When this happens, the two atoms will be chemically bonded to form a molecule. Furthermore, atoms sometimes lose electrons in collisions with other atoms. When this happens, the radio of protons and electrons in the atom changes, and therefore, the overall electrical charge of the atom changes as well. These atoms are called isotopes, and they have significantly different chemical properties from their parent atoms.
Câu 1: In paragraph 1, why does the author compare the structure of an atom to a solar system?


A. To provide an explanation of atomic structure that will be easily understood.


B. To show the influence of atomic structure on the world at the observable level.


C. To show that the complex mathematical formulas used to explain atomic structure are inaccurate.


D. To contrast the size of atoms with the size of objects at the observable level.
Câu 2: According to paragraph 2, an atom's atomic number is determined by __________.
 


A. the sum of its protons and electrons           


B. the difference in the mass of its neutrons and protons


C. the strength of the bond between its protons and neutrons    


D. the total number of protons it has
Câu 3: The word "stable" in bold in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _____.


A. neutral                     


B. unchanging                          


C. equal


D. heavy
Câu 4: According to the information in paragraph 2, what will happen if an atom has more neutrons than protons?


A. It will not have enough of a positive electrical charge to keep its electrons in orbit.


B. Its extra neutrons will be converted into light energy.


C. It will slowly give off neutrons until the atom becomes stable.


D. Its nucleus will explode in a supernova.
Câu 5: The phrase "one another" in bold in paragraph 3 refers to _______.


A. electrons                      


B. electrical charges      


C. particles           


D. atoms
Câu 6: According to paragraph 3, when does an atom produce light?


A. When it has more electrons than its electron shells can hold.


B. When energy is added to the outermost electron shell.


C. When an electron drops back to its original electron shell.


D. When an electron is transferred from one atom to another.
Câu 7: According to the passage, all of the following are true of electrons EXCEPT __________.


A. they are elementary particles and cannot be broken down


B. they are considerably smaller than neutrons or protons


C. their energy levels are fixed and unchanging


D. they are kept in orbit by electromagnetic attraction
Câu 8: According to paragraph 4, which property of electrons is responsible for chemical bonding?


A. Their electromagnetic attraction to protons


B. Their tendency to occupy the lowest possible electron shell


C. The fact that they cannot be broken into smaller particles


D. Their ability to break free of their atom during a collision
024.7300.7989
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A.
B.
C.
D.

Choose the item (A, B, C or D) that best completes the unfinished statement. Sometimes people add to what they say even when they don't talk. Ges­tures are the "silent language" of every culture. We point a finger or move another part of the body to show what we want to say. It is important to know the body language of every country or we may be misunderstood. In the United States, people greet each other with a handshake in a formal introduction. The handshake must be firm. If the handshake is weak, it is a sign of weakness or unfriendliness. Friends may place a hand on the other's arm or shoulder. Some people, usually women, greet a friend with a hug.Space is important to Americans. When two people talk to each other, they usually stand about two and a half feet away and at an angle, so they are not facing each other directly. Americans get uncomfortable when a person stands too close. They will move back to have their space. If Americans touch another person by accident, they say, "Pardon me." or "Excuse me." Americans like to look the other person in the eyes when they are talking. If you don't do so, it means you are bored, hiding something, or are not interested.  But when you are stare at someone, it is not polite. For Americans, thumbs-up means yes, very good, or well done. Thumbs down means the opposite. To call a waiter, raise one hand to head level or above. To show you want the check, make a move­ment with your hands as if you are signing a piece of paper. It is all right to point at things but not at people with the hand and index finger. Americans shake their index finger at children when they scold them and pat them on the head when they admire them. Learning a culture's body language is sometimes confusing. If you don't know what to do, the safest thing to do is to smile.
Câu 1: From the passage we can learn that_______.


A. gestures don't mean anything while talking      


B. it's confusing to understand a culture's body language


C. gestures can help us to express ourselves  


D.  American people often use body language in communication
Câu 2: If you are introduced to a stranger from the USA, you should _______.


A. greet him with a hug                   


B. place a hand on his shoulder


C. shake his hand weakly    


D. shake his hand firmly
Câu 3: The word “them” in paragraph 2 refers to                  .


A. Americans              


B. children                   


C. fingers                    


D. people
Câu 4: When your friend give you a thumbs-up, he, in fact,                     .


A. shows his rudeness to you            


B. shows his anger to you


C. expresses his satisfaction to you     


D. expresses his worries about you
Câu 5: The word “accident” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to                           .


A. chance                 


B. mishap           


C. misfortune              


D. disaster

A.
B.
C.
D.

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

Câu 1: The band had an outstanding performance at the Grand Theatre last night.


A. good


B. excellent


C. gentle


D. bad
Câu 2: The writer was really hot under the collar when his novel was mistaken for another.


A. angry


B. worried


C. calm


D. curious

A.
B.
C.
D.

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

Câu 1: Our team must develop a new strategy in order to deal with the serious problem.


A. expand


B. grow


C. arise


D. invent
Câu 2: Several hypotheses for global warming have been suggested by the scientists.


A. supposition


B. study


C. research


D. truth

A.
B.
C.
D.