Task 3. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions 11 – 15. People appear to be born to compute. The numerical skills of children develop so early and so inexorably that it is easy to imagine an internal clock of mathematical maturity guiding their growth. Not long after learning to walk and talk, they can set the table with impressive accuracy – one plate, one knife, one spoon, one fork, for each of the five chairs. Soon they are capable of noting that they have placed five knives, spoons, and forks on the table and, a bit later, that this amounts to fifteen pieces of silverware. Having thus mastered addition, they move on to subtraction. It seems almost reasonable to expect that if a child were secluded on a desert island at birth and retrieved seven years later, he or she could enter a second-grade mathematics class without any serious problems of intellectual adjustment. Of course, the truth is not so simple. This century, the work of cognitive psychologists has illuminated the subtle forms of daily learning on which intellectual progress depends. Children were observed as they slowly grasped or, as the case might be, bumped into concepts that adults that for granted, as they refused, for instance, to concede that quantity is unchanged as water pours from a short stout glass into a tall thin one. Psychologists have since demonstrated that young children, asked to count the pencils in a pile, readily report the number of blue or red pencils, but must be coaxed into finding the total. Such studies have suggested that the rudiments of mathematics are mastered gradually, and with effort. They have also suggested that the very concept of abstract numbers – the idea of a oneness, a twoness, a threeness that applies to any class of objects - is a prerequisite for doing anything more mathematically demanding than setting a table – is itself far from innate.
Câu 1: What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. Trends in teaching mathematics to children
B. The fundamental concepts of mathematics that children must learn
C. The development of mathematical ability in children
D. The use of mathematics in child psychology
Câu 2: It can be inferred from the passage that children normally learn simple counting __ .
A. when they begin to be mathematically mature
B. after they reach second grade in school
C. by looking at the clock
D. soon after they learn to talk
Câu 3: The word “illuminated” is closest in meaning to .
A. clarified
B. accepted
C. illustrated
D. lighted
Câu 4: According to the passage, when small children were asked to count a pile of red and blue pencils, they ___ _.
A. counted the number of pencils of each color
B. guessed at the total number of pencils
C. counted only the pencils of their favorite color
D. subtracted the number of red pencils from the number of blue pencils
Câu 5: Which of the following statement would the author LEAST agree with?
A. Most people follow the same pattern of mathematical development.
B. Children learn to add before they learn to subtract.
C. Children naturally and easily learn mathematics.
D. Mathematical development is subtle and gradual.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Câu 1: What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. Trends in teaching mathematics to children
B. The fundamental concepts of mathematics that children must learn
C. The development of mathematical ability in children
D. The use of mathematics in child psychology
Câu 2: It can be inferred from the passage that children normally learn simple counting __ .
A. when they begin to be mathematically mature
B. after they reach second grade in school
C. by looking at the clock
D. soon after they learn to talk
Câu 3: The word “illuminated” is closest in meaning to .
A. clarified
B. accepted
C. illustrated
D. lighted
Câu 4: According to the passage, when small children were asked to count a pile of red and blue pencils, they ___ _.
A. counted the number of pencils of each color
B. guessed at the total number of pencils
C. counted only the pencils of their favorite color
D. subtracted the number of red pencils from the number of blue pencils
Câu 5: Which of the following statement would the author LEAST agree with?
A. Most people follow the same pattern of mathematical development.
B. Children learn to add before they learn to subtract.
C. Children naturally and easily learn mathematics.
D. Mathematical development is subtle and gradual.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Loga
Hóa Học lớp 12
