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Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word (s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word (s) in the following question
Pointing at someone is considered rude in communication.




A.impolite
B.humorous
C.polite
D.generous
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V. Read the passage carefully and choose the correct answer.
Recreational diving or sport diving is a type of diving that uses scuba equipment for the purpose of leisure and enjoyment. In some diving circles, the term "recreational diving" is used in contradistinction to "technical diving", a more demanding aspect of the sport which requires greater levels of training, experience and equipment.
Recreational scuba diving grew out of related activities such as snorkeling and underwater hunting. For a long time, recreational underwater excursions were limited by the amount of breath that could be held. However, the invention of the aqualung in 1943 by Jacques-Yves Cousteau and its development over subsequent years led to a revolution in recreational diving. However, for much of the 1950s and early 1960s, recreational scuba diving was a sport limited to those who were able to afford or make their own kit, and prepared to undergo intensive training to use it. As the sport became more popular, manufacturers became aware of the potential market, and equipment began to appear that was easy to use, affordable and reliable. Continued advances in' SCUBA technology, such as buoyancy compensators, modern diving regulators, wet or dry suits, and dive computers, increased the safety, comfort and convenience of the gear encouraging more people to train and use it.
Until the early 1950s, navies and other organizations performing professional diving were the only providers of diver training, but only for their own personnel and only using their own types of equipment. There were no training courses available to civilians who bought the first scuba equipment. Professional instruction started in 1959 when the non-profit National Association of Underwater Instructors was formed.
Further developments in technology have reduced the cost of training and diving. Scuba-diving has become a popular leisure activity, and many diving locations have some form of dive shop presence that can offer air fills, equipment and training. In tropical and sub-tropical parts of the world, there is a large market in holiday divers, who train and dive while on holiday, but rarely dive close to home. Generally, recreational diving depths are limited to a maximum of between 30 and 40 meters (100 and 130 feet), beyond which a variety of safety issues make it unsafe to dive using recreation diving equipment and practices, and specialized training and equipment for technical diving are needed.
Holiday divers _______.




A.do not like to dive in tropical and sub-tropical parts
B.can dive as deep as they like because of safety
C.are those who go away from home to dive
D.are limited in tropical and sub-tropical parts

IV. Fill in each numbered blank with one suitable word or phrase.
Water polo is a rapidly growing sport in the United States and internationally as (31) ______. For anyone involved in playing or being a spectator, it is important to understand the rules of the game.
Each team (32) ______ of one goalie and six field players. Each field player plays both offense and defense, and the goalie is not allowed on the other half of the pool. There are many different arrangements of players in front of the goal. The (33) ______ of the players depends on the play that is being run, similar to basketball or hockey.
One important rule is that the ball can only be handled by one hand at a time. If a player (34) ______ the ball, which is the size of a volley ball, yellow and with rubber grip, with both hands, the referee calls a turnover and the possession of the ball goes to the opposing team.
The playing time, (35) ______ on the rules of play and the level of competition. Usually, men play four 7-minute quarters while women play four 6-minute quarters. Teams are usually allowed 2 time outs per game, but this may vary. (36) ______ consist of swimsuits for both men and women, as well as a cap on the head with plastic ear protectors and the player's number on both sides. Visiting teams wear lighter color caps, while home wears the darker color. In (37) ______, one point is given for each time the ball is thrown into the goal, and in some leagues there is a 2-point line several meters out of the goal. Each quarter begins with a (38) ______ in which the fastest members of each team race toward the ball, which is placed at the halfway point on the water by the referee.
Water polo is an (39) ______, challenging, and fun sport. It is full contact and its competitiveness cannot be underestimatted. The game is great to watch and (40) ______ better to play. You may not imagine what goes on underwater that no one, especially not the referee, can see. Water polo is a growing sport for good reason, and it may soon be one of the leading sports for both men and women's athletics.
(34)




A.fetches
B.clutches
C.shakes
D.holds

Exercise 10. Read the following passage and mark A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the blanks from 46 to 50 .
What make a good souvenir?
On my desk at home, I have a collection of souvenirs; objects that remind me of places I’ve visited and important events in my life. These objects include a model boat that I saw being carved from a piece of wood on a Caribbean island, a piece of lava that emerged hot from a volcano in the year I was born, and a shell (46) _____ on my favourite childhood beach.
Unlike everything else, from which memory and detail fades, it is as if the longer you hold on to certain objects, the (47) ________ their associations with the past become, and the sharper the recollections that gather around them. They are, (48) ________, real souvenirs, encapsulations not only of the place, but of your time in the place. But these days, the term “real souvenirs” sounds like a contradiction in terms, and this is because the objects sold to tourists as souvenirs are often cheap mass-produced imports that have nothing to do with the place at all.
It’s often the (49) _____ that the best souvenirs, like my shell, are found rather than purchased, but browsing for souvenirs can also be a fun holiday activity. But if you are buying souvenirs on holiday this summer, make sure they (50) ________ the reality test. A good souvenir is not just made in the area where it is bought, it also says something about the culture of that area. It is something made by local people using sustainable local materials, and because you are effectively supporting the local economy, it shouldn’t come too cheap, either.
(50)




A.pass
B.win
C.take
D.beat

Exercise 9. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 41 to 45.
CHESS
Chess, often (41)______ to as the Royal Game, is the oldest of all board games which do not contain an element of chance.
The origins of chess are uncertain, (42)______ there are a number of legends regarding its invention. One story says that it was King Solomon who invented chess, another that it was the Greek god Hermes, and yet another that the Chinese mandarin Han-Sing was responsible for its creation. In fact, chess almost certainly originated in India in the sixth or seventh century AD. The game’s popularity then spread quickly through Persia (now known as Iran) and from there came to Europe. The first documented reference to chess in literature is in a Persian romance which was written about 600 AD.
It is (43)_______ the word ‘chess’ comes from ‘shah’, the Persian word for ‘king’ and that ‘checkmate’, the game’s winning (44)_______, comes from the phrase ‘shah mat’, (45)______ ‘the king is dead’.
The rules and pieces used in the game have undergone changes over the centuries. Modem chess owes much to the Spaniard Lopez de Segura, who in 1561 wrote the first book on how to play the game. In it, he introduced the concept of ‘castling’, which had not been part of the game until then.
(44)




A.place
B.stand
C.go
D.move

Exercise 8. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blank from 36 to 40 .
Child workers, some as young as 10, have been found working in a textile factory in conditions described as close to slavery to produce clothes that appear destined for one of the major high street retailers.
The discovery of these children working in appalling conditions in the Shahpur Jat area of Delhi has renewed concerns about the (36)______ by some large retail chains of their garment production to India, recognised (37)______ the United Nations as one of the world’s hotspots for child labour. According to one (38)______, over 20 per cent of India's economy is dependent on children, (39)______ comes to a total of 55 million youngsters under 14 working. Consumers in the West should not only be demanding answers from retailers about how their (40)______ are produced but also should be looking into their consciences at how they spend their money and whether cheap prices in the West are worth the suffering caused to so many children.
(38)




A.evaluation
B.investigation
C.calculation
D.estimate

Exercise 7. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35.
Ever since it was first possible to make a real robot, people have been hoping for the invention of a machine that would do all the necessary jobs around the house. If boring and repetitive factory work could be (31) ________ by robots, why not boring and repetitive household chores too? For a long time the only people who really gave the problem their attention were amateur inventors And they came up against a major difficulty. That is, housework is actually very complex It has never been one job it has always been many. A factor robot (32) ________ one task endlessly until it is reprogrammed to do something else. It doesn’t run the whole factory. A housework robot on the other hand, has to do several different (33) ________ of cleaning and carrying jobs and also has to cope (34) ________ all the different shapes and positions of rooms, furniture, ornaments, cats and dogs. (35) ________, there have been some developments recently. Sensors are available to help the robot locate objects and avoid obstacles. We have the technology to produce the hardware. All that is missing the software- the programs that will operate the machine.
(34)




A.from
B.with
C.by
D.for

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