Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
They have just set off. They _____ on their way there.




A.can’t be
B.must have been
C.should have been
D.must be

What does the passage mainly discuss?




A.How birds find and store food
B.How birds maintain body heat in the winter
C.Why birds need to establish territory
D.Why some species of birds nest together

Task 3. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions 16 – 22.
In addition to their military role, the forts of the nineteenth century provided numerous other benefits for the American West. The establishment of these posts opened new roads and provided for the protection of daring adventurers and expeditions as well as established settlers. Forts also served as bases where enterprising entrepreneurs could bring commerce to the West, providing supplies and refreshments to soldiers as well as to pioneers. Posts like Fort Laramie provided supplies for wagon trains traveling the natural highways toward new frontiers. Some posts became stations for the pony express; still others, such as Fort Davis, were stagecoach stops for weary travelers. All of these functions, of course, suggest that the contributions of the forts to the civilization and development of the West extended beyond patrol duty.
Through the establishment of military posts, yet other contributions were made to the development of western culture. Many posts maintained libraries or reading rooms, and some - for example, Fort Davis - had schools. Post chapels provided a setting for religious services and weddings. Throughout the wilderness, post bands provided entertainment and boosted morale. During the last part of the nineteenth century, to reduce expenses, gardening was encouraged at the forts, thus making experimental agriculture another activity of the military. The military stationed at the various forts also played a role in civilian life by assisting in maintaining order, and civilian officials often called on the army for protection.
Certainly, among other significant contributions the army made to the improvement of the conditions of life was the investigation of the relationships among health, climate, and architecture. From the earliest colonial times throughout the nineteenth century, disease ranked as the foremost problem in defense. It slowed construction of forts and inhibited their military functions. Official documents from many regions contained innumerable reports of sickness that virtually incapacitated entire garrisons. In response to the problems, detailed observations of architecture and climate and their relationships to the frequency of the occurrence of various diseases were recorded at various posts across the nation by military surgeons.
Which of the following is the most likely inference about the decision to promote gardening at forts?




A.It was expensive to import produce from far away.
B.Food brought in from outside was often spoiled.
C.Gardening was a way to occupy otherwise idle soldiers.
D.The soil near the forts was very fertile.

Task 3. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions 16 – 22.
In addition to their military role, the forts of the nineteenth century provided numerous other benefits for the American West. The establishment of these posts opened new roads and provided for the protection of daring adventurers and expeditions as well as established settlers. Forts also served as bases where enterprising entrepreneurs could bring commerce to the West, providing supplies and refreshments to soldiers as well as to pioneers. Posts like Fort Laramie provided supplies for wagon trains traveling the natural highways toward new frontiers. Some posts became stations for the pony express; still others, such as Fort Davis, were stagecoach stops for weary travelers. All of these functions, of course, suggest that the contributions of the forts to the civilization and development of the West extended beyond patrol duty.
Through the establishment of military posts, yet other contributions were made to the development of western culture. Many posts maintained libraries or reading rooms, and some - for example, Fort Davis - had schools. Post chapels provided a setting for religious services and weddings. Throughout the wilderness, post bands provided entertainment and boosted morale. During the last part of the nineteenth century, to reduce expenses, gardening was encouraged at the forts, thus making experimental agriculture another activity of the military. The military stationed at the various forts also played a role in civilian life by assisting in maintaining order, and civilian officials often called on the army for protection.
Certainly, among other significant contributions the army made to the improvement of the conditions of life was the investigation of the relationships among health, climate, and architecture. From the earliest colonial times throughout the nineteenth century, disease ranked as the foremost problem in defense. It slowed construction of forts and inhibited their military functions. Official documents from many regions contained innumerable reports of sickness that virtually incapacitated entire garrisons. In response to the problems, detailed observations of architecture and climate and their relationships to the frequency of the occurrence of various diseases were recorded at various posts across the nation by military surgeons.
The word “daring” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to .




A.lost
B.bold
C.lively
D.foolish

How were Mann's educational reforms distributed?




A.In twelve annual reports to the state of Massachusetts.
B.In reports that he wrote for national distribution.
C.In speeches that he made throughout the country.
D.In books that could be found in school libraries.

A.comment
B.command
C.compound
D.machine

What is the author's attitude toward the accomplishments of Walt Disney?




A.respectful
B.critical
C.ambivalent
D.approving

A.disease
B.instant
C.easy
D.miles

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
In order to ______ others’attention, we can use either verbal or non-verbal form of communication.




A.draw
B.ocus
C.pay
D.give

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Why don’t you make it bigger and more careful to people’s attention?




A.raise
B.attract
C.make
D.keep