Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B,C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 41 to 50.
Postsecondary institutions and private schools are corporations under U.S. law. They are approved to operate as non-profit, for-profit, or public corporations (41)______ education and training. Increasingly, state authorities are requiring approved educational providers to apply (42)______ and receive accreditation as a condition of final and continued approval.
As corporate entities, U.S. institutions are internally self-governing and are (43)______ to make property, facilities, equipment, and utilities transactions; make their own personnel decisions; decide whom to admit to study and to graduate; (44)______ their own funds from outside sources; enter into contracts and compete for grants; and do most of the other things that corporations do. Institutions compete (45)______ one another for students, research funding, faculty, and other benefits. Public institutions may compete within the same state or territory for budget appropriations. It is the corporate nature of institutions and the competition within the system that (46)_____ Americans to refer to the concept of the educational or academic marketplace - an important distinctive element of the way U.S. education is organized.
Some institutions are governed (47)______ under multi-campus arrangements. These include most local public schools (governed by school districts) and many state community college and university systems. Whether single- or multi-campus, institutional corporations (48)______ by boards of citizens, both alumni and non-alumni, who are ultimately responsible for all operations. They appoint senior (49)______, such as principals, headmasters, presidents, and deans; and approve the actions taken (50)______ their name.

A.trainees
B.judges
C.assistants
D.leaders

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
We need to talk more about ______ for the summer vacation before July.
A.why to choose
B.how to make
C.where to go
D.when to use

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
In no circumstances ______ on campus.
A.should smoking be allowed
B.should allow smoking
C.smoking should be allowed
D.we should allow smoking

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
“Take a spare tyre ______ you have a puncture on the way to the beach.”
A.in case
B.if
C.so that
D.unless

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
“Could you turn off the stove? The potatoes ______ for at least thirty minutes.”
A.boiled
B.were boiling
C.are boiling
D.have been boiling

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
Any student who neglects his or her homework is unlikely to do well at school.
A.puts off
B.looks for
C.attends to
D.approves of

Many parents may fail to recognize and respond to their children’s needs until frustration explodes into difficult or uncooperative behavior.
A.slowly reaches the boiling point
B.remains at an unchanged level
C.suddenly becomes uncontrollable
D.stays under pressure

A.
B.
C.
D.A

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.
All of the students (A )in this course will be assessed according to (B )their attendance, performance (C ), and they work hard. (D )
A.A
B.B
C.C
D.D

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of the primary stress in each of the following questions.

A.specify
B.illustrate
C.interact
D.fertilize