According to the passage, iron was NOT used for beams, columns, and girders prior to the early eighteenth century because _______.
 
A.all available iron was needed for other purposes
B. limited mining capability made iron too expensive
C.iron was considered too valuable for use in public buildings
D.the use of charcoal for refining ore produced poor quality iron

Part II. In about 140 words, write a paragraph about why is it important to protect our environment? What should we do to fulfill this task?
A.
B.
C.
D.

Part I. Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the sentence printed before it.


65. It wasn’t necessary for you to buy so many chips as you did.


You needn’t ........................................................................


66. Much as he tried hard, he didn’t succeed in installing the software.


However ..............................................................................


67. He lost his job because he was very lazy.


But ......................................................................................


68. It was not until midnight that he could finish his homework.


Not until ..............................................................................


69. If only I hadn’t bought the secondhand motorbike.


I regret ..............................................................................
A.
B.
C.
D.

The paragraph following the passage most probably discusses _______
 
A.the gradual inclusion of exposed iron in traditional styles of architecture
B.further improvements in iron processing methods
C. the return to traditional building materials for use in commercial structures
D.the decreased use of stone and timber as a building material

It can be inferred that the delayed use of exposed iron structures in traditional styles of architecture is best explained by the _______.
 
A.impracticality of using iron for small, noncommercial buildings
B.association of iron architecture with the problems of the Industrial Revolution
C.general belief that iron offered less resistance to fire and harsh weather than traditional materials
D.general perception that iron structures were not aesthetically pleasing

How did the artistic elite mentioned in the passage react to the buildings at the Paris Exhibition?
A.They tried to copy them. 
B. They ridiculed them.
C.They praised them.         
D.They refused to pay to see them.

According to paragraph 3, the architectural significance of the Halle Des Machines was its _______.
 
A.wide span           
B.great height     
C.unequaled beauty     
D. prefabricated unites of glass

The word "surpassed" is closest in meaning to _______.
 
A.imitated      
B. exceeded       
C.approached   
D. included

The word "it" refers to _________.
 
A.industrial architecture
B. internal iron skeleton   
C. stone 
D.strength

Iron replaced stone and timber in the building of bridges because iron was considered ______. 
A.more beautiful     
B.new and modern  
C. much stronger
D.easier to transport