Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 15 to 22.
[1] Advertising helps people recognize a particular brand, persuades them to try it, and tries to keep them loyal to it. Brand loyalty is perhaps the most important goal of consumer advertising. Whether they produce cars, canned foods or cosmetics, manufacturers want their customers to make repeated purchases. [2] The quality of the product will encourage this, of course, but so, too, will affect advertising.
Advertising relies on the techniques of market research to identify potential users of a product. [3] Are they homemakers or professional people? Are they young or old? Are they city dwellers or country dwellers? Such questions have a bearing on where and when ads should be placed. By studying readership breakdowns for newspapers and magazines as well as television ratings and other statistics, an advertising agency can decide on the best way of reaching potential buyers. Detailed research and marketing expertise are essential today when advertising budgets can run into thousands of millions of dollars. [4]
Advertising is a fast-paced, high-pressure industry. There is a constant need for creative ideas that will establish a personality for a product in the public's mind. Current developments in advertising increase the need for talented workers.
In the past, the majority of advertising was aimed at the traditional white family - breadwinner father, non-working mother, and two children. Research now reveals that only about 6 percent of American households fit this stereotype. Instead, society is fragmented into many groups, with working mothers, single people and older people on the rise. To be most successful, advertising must identify a particular segment and aim its message toward that group.
Advertising is also making use of new technologies. Computer graphics are used to grab the attention of consumers and to help them see products in a new light. The use of computer graphics in a commercial for canned goods, for instance, gave a new image to the tin can.
According to paragraph 2, market research includes




A.searching for talented workers
B.hiring researchers with background in many fields
C.studying television ratings
D.determining the price of a product

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Bill asked Tom where .




A.he was going now
B.he was going then
C.is he going now
D.he is going then

Choose the best answer to complete each unfinished sentence, substitutes the underlined part, or has a close meaning to the original one.
She ___ be ill. I have just seen her playing basket ball in the school yard.




A.needn't
B.shouldn't
C.mustn't
D.can't

III. Choose the best answer A, B, C or D for each sentence.
The report will be read _______.




A.at the conference by Dr. Blake at 3 p.m.
B.at the conference at 3 p.m. by Dr. Blake
C.by Dr. Blake at the conference at 3 p.m.
D.at 3 p.m. by Dr. Blake at the conference

Choose the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Marianne seemed to ________offence at my comments on her work.




A.make
B.do
C.take
D.have

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
“I left the cookies on the table, but now it’s gone. What happened to it?” “I didn’t know. One of the children ________ it.”




A.may have eaten
B.could eat
C.had to eat
D.should have eaten

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Before I send this article to the editor, I’d be grateful if you could _____ it for me.




A.go through
B.break through
C.take over
D.look up

The word ''derived" in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to .




A.discussed
B.prepared
C.registered
D.obtained

What does the author mean by stating that "At interpersonal levels, tone may reflect ideas and feelings over and above the words chosen"?




A.Feelings is expressed with different words than ideas are.
B.The tone of voice can carry information beyond the meaning of words.
C.A high tone of voice reflects an emotional communication.
D.Feelings are more difficult to express than ideas.

Task 2. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions 8 – 15.
In early civilizations, citizens were educated informally, usually within the family unit. Education meant simply learning to live. As civilizations became more complex, however, education became more formal, structured and comprehensive. Initial efforts of the ancient Chinese and Greek societies concentrated solely on the education of males. The post-Babylonian Jews and Plato were exceptions to this pattern. Plato was apparently the first significant advocate of the equality of the sexes. Women, in his ideal state, would have the same rights and duties and the same educational opportunities as men. This aspect of Platonic philosophy, however, had little or no effect on education for many centuries, and the concept of a liberal education for men only, which had been espoused by Aristotle, prevailed.
In ancient Rome, the availability of an education was gradually extended to women, but they were taught separately from men. The early Christians and medieval Europeans continued this trend, and single-sex schools for the privileged classes prevailed through the Reformation period. Gradually, however, education for women on a separate but equal basis to that provided for men was becoming a clear responsibility of society. Martin Luther appealed for civil support of schools for all children. At the Council of Trent in the 16th century, the Roman Catholic Church encouraged the establishment of free primary schools for children of all classes. The concept of universal primary education, regardless of sex, had been born, but it was still in the realm of the single-sex school.
In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, co-education became a more widely applied principle of educational philosophy. In Britain, Germany, and the Soviet Union the education of boys and girls in the same classes became an accepted practice. Since World War II, Japan and the Scandinavian countries have also adopted relatively universal co-educational systems. The greatest negative reaction to coeducation has been felt in the teaching systems of the Latin countries, where the sexes have usually been separated at both primary and secondary levels, according to local conditions.
A number of studies have indicated that girls seem to perform better overall and in science in particular in single-sex classes: during the adolescent years, pressure to conform to stereotypical female gender roles may disadvantage girls in traditionally male subjects, making them reluctant to volunteer for experimental work while taking part in lessons. In Britain, academic league tables point to high standards achieved in girls' schools. Some educationalists therefore suggest segregation of the sexes as a good thing, particularly in certain areas, and a number of schools are experimenting with the idea.
The word "espouse” is contextually closest in meaning to .




A.to support
B.to put off
C.to give
D.to induce