Drought is a natural phenomenon considered a natural disaster, caused by a severe shortage of rainfall for a long time, reducing the moisture content in the air and soil water content, and depleting the river flow. streams, lowering water levels in ponds, lakes, water levels in underground aquifers adversely affect the growth of crops, degrade the environment, cause poverty and epidemics ... Due to abnormal weather causing frequent or temporary shortages in the rainfall shortage. Not very little rain, a common condition in monsoon climatic regions, with a clear difference in rainfall between the wet and dry seasons. The reason is indiscriminate deforestation, reducing the ability to regulate surface water, lowering the groundwater level, leading to the depletion of water resources; The cultivation of trees is not suitable, the areas with less water are also growing crops that require a lot of water (such as rice), making the water use too much, leading to the depletion of water resources; in addition, the work of water use planning, the layout of the works is not suitable, making many works not effective ... In addition, droughts lack water in the dry season due to insufficient water resources. and the lack of necessary measures to meet the increasing demand for use due to the lack of appropriate socio-economic development in the regions or regions or the inappropriate development plans. the development of water resources, not in harmony with nature and environment, has existed for a long time. The severity of water shortage droughts increases as vulnerable, degraded water resources are strongly influenced by people. human health. Drought is the cause of poverty, disease, and even war due to water conflicts, and impacts on the environment, such as destruction of plants, animals, wildlife populations, and reduction. air and water quality increases the risk of forest fire and soil erosion. These effects can be long-term and irreversible. Droughts have socio-economic impacts such as reduced crop yields, reduced cultivated area, reduced crop yields, mainly crop yields .
      Although drought is a severe natural phenomenon, we can still mitigate the damage caused by drought through effective drought prevention. We need to use rational water resources in production as well as in daily life. In production, especially in agricultural production, water saving should be done in all 3 aspects: rational irrigation planning, building fields capable of enhancing soil water retention and selection of varieties. Plants are more drought tolerant. New construction of reservoirs with appropriate capacity to increase dry flow for river systems. New construction and upgrading of irrigation works, taking advantage of the initiative in irrigation on most agricultural areas, are both immediate solutions and a long-term solution to prevent and combat drought. In addition, another effective and sustainable drought prevention solution is afforestation and forest protection.

Over the years, in Vietnam, we and in many countries around the world have had droughts. There are many ways of drought such as: drought caused by hot weather, drought caused by freezing snow, cold or flood ... Deforestation will cause big floods, irrational tree planting will lead to droughts such as In areas with less water, when growing crops that require a lot of water like rice, one is dead rice, and the other means that people have no water for daily use. Drought is the cause of poverty for many years. It is necessary to have many appropriate measures such as: planning for proper irrigation, building fields with water holding capacity and choosing suitable seedlings for the growing area. One of the most effective measures is to plant forests, both to prevent floods and to prevent droughts.