By the end of 1929, the Vietnamese revolutionaries in the communist organizations realized the need and urgency to form a united Communist Party, to end the division of the communist movement in Vietnam. Nguyen Ai Quoc actively organized and chaired the Party Unification Conference in Huong Cang, China from January 6 to February 7, 1930.

The conference decided to unify the Party organizations (Indochina Communist Party, An Nam Communist Party, Indochina Communist League) into the Vietnam Communist Party. The conference discussed and approved the following documents: Brief Principle, Brief Strategy, Summary Program and Brief Charter of the Communist Party. Those documents drafted by Nguyen Ai Quoc and approved by the Party Unification Conference are the creative application of Marxism-Leninism in the specific conditions of the Vietnamese revolution. The conference adopted the call of Nguyen Ai Quoc on behalf of the Communist International and the Communist Party of Vietnam to send to the people and comrades throughout the country on the occasion of the Party's founding.

The Conference to unify the Communist organizations is meant as an founding congress. Documents adopted at the Consolidation Conference chaired by Nguyen Ai Quoc are the Party's first Political Platform. The 3rd National Congress of the Party has decided to take February 3 of the annual calendar year as the party's founding anniversary.

The Communist Party of Vietnam is the ruling party and is the only political party authorized to operate in Vietnam under the Constitution. According to the current Official Platform and Charter, the Party is the representative of the working class, the working people and the whole nation, taking Marxism-Leninism and Ho Chi Minh Thought as a guideline for all activities. In the unofficial context, the word "Party" (or "our Party") is also used to refer to the Communist Party of Vietnam. The highest organ of the Party is the National Congress of Delegates, which will elect the Central Executive Committee. Between the Party congresses, the Central Committee of the Party is the supreme body that decides the Party's affairs. After the Congress, the Central Committee will elect the Politburo, the Secretariat and the Central Inspection Committee and elect a Politburo member to be the General Secretary.

Role Article 4 of the Vietnamese Constitution 2013 affirms the absolute leadership of the Party to the State and society: “The Communist Party of Vietnam, the vanguard of the Vietnamese working class, loyal delegates of the interests of the working class, the working people and the nation, follows Marxism - Leninism and Ho Thought. Ho Chi Minh, is the force leading the State and society. " The Communist Party of Vietnam is the ruling party in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam and influences the economic, social and political development of this state, and its members hold key positions in the leading organs of the Party and State of Vietnam. In the Testament of President Ho Chi Minh, it is written: “Our Party is a ruling Party, each party member and official must truly be imbued with revolutionary morality, truly indecent, integrity, and impartial. We must keep our Party really clean, to be worthy of leadership and faithful servant of the people.

Regulations Main article: Charter of the Communist Party of Vietnam The Party Charter is the basic legal document of the Party, defining the Party's principles, purposes, ideology, organizational principles, activities, and organizational structure; defines the responsibilities, obligations and powers of party members and party organizations at all levels. The purpose of building the Party's Charter is to unify thoughts, organization and action throughout the Party, and realize the Party's objectives. The Party's Charter is passed and issued by the National Congress of the Party. All party organizations and party members must abide by the Party's Charter. Modifications The Party's charter has been revised 12 times so far. The Charter is passed and issued by the National Party Congress, so in order to fit with the new context when organizing the Party Congress, drafting teams often propose ideas for the Congress to discuss amending and supplementing a number of issues. in the charter. The first Charter was adopted at the Party Establishment Conference on February 3, 1930 under the name of the Brief Charter. With the initial text only encapsulated in 9 things. Modifications: The Conference of founding the Party adopted the brief charter on February 3, 1930, including 9 articles The First Congress of the Communist Party of Indochina on March 29, 1935 passed the Charter of the Indochinese Communist Party, including 59 articles and 8 chapters. The revised charter supplement the Party's principle of action from "struggling to eliminate imperialist capital" to "making the revolution of counter-imperialism and land". Adding age to the Party aged 23 and over; additional provisions depriving party citizenship. Supplement and amend the Party organization at all levels, stipulating the tasks of the Communist Youth Union with the Party. The 2nd Congress of the Vietnam Labor Party, includes 71 articles and 13 chapters. Modify the Party's principles and purposes to "expel the invading empire, abolish feudal and semi-feudal monuments, cultivate plow fields, develop economic, political, democratic culture. people ". Use Marx-Engels-Lenin-Stalinism and Mao Zedong's thought as a guide for action. Modifying age to enter the Party is from 18 years old; Supplement the principle of centralized democracy in the Party; to amend and supplement the organization of the Party, including the National Party Congress - the Central Party, the Party Committee - the Party Committee - the Inter-Area Party Committee, the Provincial Party Committee - the City Party Committee, the District Party Committee - the District Party Committee - the Party Committee, and the Party Committee. Provisions on the duties of the Party's organs. Remove the provision of Communist Youth Union from the charter. The 3rd Congress of the Vietnam Labor Party, includes 62 articles and 12 chapters. Amend the Party's purpose to "complete the people's democratic revolution, implement socialism and communism in Vietnam". Revise Marxism-Leninism as the Party's ideological foundation and guideline for action. Supplement the party member's mission "practice thrift, actively fight against waste, embezzlement". Supplement detailed regulations on the principle of democratic centralization in the Party. To amend the Party's organization, to stipulate that the term of the Central Executive Committee is 4 years. Bring the Youth Union into the charter.