Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Paul Samuelson was the first American to win the Nobel prize in _______.
A.economy           
B.economic
C.economical
D.economics

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Spain has little good farmland and lacks many _______ raw materials
A.important industry                                                        
B.industrious and important
C.important industrial    
D.important industries

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
To bake fish, _______ butter and place it in a generously greased rectangular pan
A.it brushes with             
B.with its brushes
C.brushing it with
D.brush it with

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Professional gardeners appreciate flowers for their _______, gorgeous colors, and pleasant fragrance.
A.attractively shaped 
B.shape and attract 
C.shaped attractively
D.attractive shapes

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Dolphins and whales are mammals that _______ lives in water
A.spend their entire                                                           
B.their entire               
C.spend there entirely        
D.spending their entire

 Read the following passage, and mark the letter (A, B, C or D) on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each question. 
 Visitors to Prince Edward Island, Canada, delight in the “unspoiled” scenery – the well-kept farms and peaceful hamlets of the island’s central core and the rougher terrain of the east and west. In reality, the Island ecosystems are almost entirely artificial.
Islanders have been tampering with the natural environment since the eighteenth century and long ago broke down the Island’s natural forest cover to exploit its timber and clear land for agriculture. By 1900, 80 percent of the forest had been cut down and much of what remained had been destroyed by disease. Since then, however, some farmland has been abandoned and had returned to forest through the invasion of opportunist species, notably spruce. Few examples of original climax forest, which consisted mostly broadleaved trees such as maple, birch, and oak, survive today.
Apart from a few stands of native forest, the only authentic habitats on Prince Edward Island are its sand dunes and salt marshes. The dunes are formed from sand washed ashore by waves and then dried and blown by the wind to the land beyond the beach. The sand is prevented from spreading farther by marram grass, a tall, long- rooted species that grows with the dunes and keeps them remarkably stable. Marram grass acts as a windbreak and allows other plants such as beach pea  and bayberry to take hold. On dunes where marram grass is broken down- for instance, where it is trampled- the dunes may spread inland and inundate agricultural lands or split up fishing harbors. The white dunes or the north coast are the most impressive. There are also white dunes on the east and west coasts. Only in the south are there red dunes, created when soft sandstone cliffs crumble into the sea and subsequently wash ashore as red sand. The dunes were once used as cattle pasture but were abandoned as the early settlers moved inland.
Salt marshes are the second remaining authentic habitat. These bogs are the result of the flooding of low coastal areas during unusually high tides. In the intervals between tides, a marsh area remains and plants take root, notably cord grass, the “marsh hay” used by the early settlers as winter forage for their livestock. Like the dunes, though, the marshes were soon dismissed as wasteland and escaped development.
According to the passage, what effect does the destruction of marram grass have?
A.It permits sand dunes to cover farmland.
B.It creates better conditions for fishing.
C.It lets the sand wash into the sea.
D.It allows seawater to flood agricultural land.

 Read the following passage, and mark the letter (A, B, C or D) on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each question. 
 Visitors to Prince Edward Island, Canada, delight in the “unspoiled” scenery – the well-kept farms and peaceful hamlets of the island’s central core and the rougher terrain of the east and west. In reality, the Island ecosystems are almost entirely artificial.
Islanders have been tampering with the natural environment since the eighteenth century and long ago broke down the Island’s natural forest cover to exploit its timber and clear land for agriculture. By 1900, 80 percent of the forest had been cut down and much of what remained had been destroyed by disease. Since then, however, some farmland has been abandoned and had returned to forest through the invasion of opportunist species, notably spruce. Few examples of original climax forest, which consisted mostly broadleaved trees such as maple, birch, and oak, survive today.
Apart from a few stands of native forest, the only authentic habitats on Prince Edward Island are its sand dunes and salt marshes. The dunes are formed from sand washed ashore by waves and then dried and blown by the wind to the land beyond the beach. The sand is prevented from spreading farther by marram grass, a tall, long- rooted species that grows with the dunes and keeps them remarkably stable. Marram grass acts as a windbreak and allows other plants such as beach pea  and bayberry to take hold. On dunes where marram grass is broken down- for instance, where it is trampled- the dunes may spread inland and inundate agricultural lands or split up fishing harbors. The white dunes or the north coast are the most impressive. There are also white dunes on the east and west coasts. Only in the south are there red dunes, created when soft sandstone cliffs crumble into the sea and subsequently wash ashore as red sand. The dunes were once used as cattle pasture but were abandoned as the early settlers moved inland.
Salt marshes are the second remaining authentic habitat. These bogs are the result of the flooding of low coastal areas during unusually high tides. In the intervals between tides, a marsh area remains and plants take root, notably cord grass, the “marsh hay” used by the early settlers as winter forage for their livestock. Like the dunes, though, the marshes were soon dismissed as wasteland and escaped development.
What does the author say about beach pea and bayberry?
A.They have become commercially important plant.
B.They were once an important food crop for early settlers.
C.They grow on dunes after marram grass is established.
D.They are spreading across the Island, destroying important crops.

 Read the following passage, and mark the letter (A, B, C or D) on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each question. 
 Visitors to Prince Edward Island, Canada, delight in the “unspoiled” scenery – the well-kept farms and peaceful hamlets of the island’s central core and the rougher terrain of the east and west. In reality, the Island ecosystems are almost entirely artificial.
Islanders have been tampering with the natural environment since the eighteenth century and long ago broke down the Island’s natural forest cover to exploit its timber and clear land for agriculture. By 1900, 80 percent of the forest had been cut down and much of what remained had been destroyed by disease. Since then, however, some farmland has been abandoned and had returned to forest through the invasion of opportunist species, notably spruce. Few examples of original climax forest, which consisted mostly broadleaved trees such as maple, birch, and oak, survive today.
Apart from a few stands of native forest, the only authentic habitats on Prince Edward Island are its sand dunes and salt marshes. The dunes are formed from sand washed ashore by waves and then dried and blown by the wind to the land beyond the beach. The sand is prevented from spreading farther by marram grass, a tall, long- rooted species that grows with the dunes and keeps them remarkably stable. Marram grass acts as a windbreak and allows other plants such as beach pea  and bayberry to take hold. On dunes where marram grass is broken down- for instance, where it is trampled- the dunes may spread inland and inundate agricultural lands or split up fishing harbors. The white dunes or the north coast are the most impressive. There are also white dunes on the east and west coasts. Only in the south are there red dunes, created when soft sandstone cliffs crumble into the sea and subsequently wash ashore as red sand. The dunes were once used as cattle pasture but were abandoned as the early settlers moved inland.
Salt marshes are the second remaining authentic habitat. These bogs are the result of the flooding of low coastal areas during unusually high tides. In the intervals between tides, a marsh area remains and plants take root, notably cord grass, the “marsh hay” used by the early settlers as winter forage for their livestock. Like the dunes, though, the marshes were soon dismissed as wasteland and escaped development.
Which of the following type of tree is most common in the forests of Prince Edward Island today?
A.spruce
B.birch
C.maple
D.oak

 Read the following passage, and mark the letter (A, B, C or D) on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each question. 
 Visitors to Prince Edward Island, Canada, delight in the “unspoiled” scenery – the well-kept farms and peaceful hamlets of the island’s central core and the rougher terrain of the east and west. In reality, the Island ecosystems are almost entirely artificial.
Islanders have been tampering with the natural environment since the eighteenth century and long ago broke down the Island’s natural forest cover to exploit its timber and clear land for agriculture. By 1900, 80 percent of the forest had been cut down and much of what remained had been destroyed by disease. Since then, however, some farmland has been abandoned and had returned to forest through the invasion of opportunist species, notably spruce. Few examples of original climax forest, which consisted mostly broadleaved trees such as maple, birch, and oak, survive today.
Apart from a few stands of native forest, the only authentic habitats on Prince Edward Island are its sand dunes and salt marshes. The dunes are formed from sand washed ashore by waves and then dried and blown by the wind to the land beyond the beach. The sand is prevented from spreading farther by marram grass, a tall, long- rooted species that grows with the dunes and keeps them remarkably stable. Marram grass acts as a windbreak and allows other plants such as beach pea  and bayberry to take hold. On dunes where marram grass is broken down- for instance, where it is trampled- the dunes may spread inland and inundate agricultural lands or split up fishing harbors. The white dunes or the north coast are the most impressive. There are also white dunes on the east and west coasts. Only in the south are there red dunes, created when soft sandstone cliffs crumble into the sea and subsequently wash ashore as red sand. The dunes were once used as cattle pasture but were abandoned as the early settlers moved inland.
Salt marshes are the second remaining authentic habitat. These bogs are the result of the flooding of low coastal areas during unusually high tides. In the intervals between tides, a marsh area remains and plants take root, notably cord grass, the “marsh hay” used by the early settlers as winter forage for their livestock. Like the dunes, though, the marshes were soon dismissed as wasteland and escaped development.
The word “marshes” could be best replaced by _____________.
A.tides
B.settlers
C.plants
D.bogs

 Read the following passage, and mark the letter (A, B, C or D) on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each question. 
 Visitors to Prince Edward Island, Canada, delight in the “unspoiled” scenery – the well-kept farms and peaceful hamlets of the island’s central core and the rougher terrain of the east and west. In reality, the Island ecosystems are almost entirely artificial.
Islanders have been tampering with the natural environment since the eighteenth century and long ago broke down the Island’s natural forest cover to exploit its timber and clear land for agriculture. By 1900, 80 percent of the forest had been cut down and much of what remained had been destroyed by disease. Since then, however, some farmland has been abandoned and had returned to forest through the invasion of opportunist species, notably spruce. Few examples of original climax forest, which consisted mostly broadleaved trees such as maple, birch, and oak, survive today.
Apart from a few stands of native forest, the only authentic habitats on Prince Edward Island are its sand dunes and salt marshes. The dunes are formed from sand washed ashore by waves and then dried and blown by the wind to the land beyond the beach. The sand is prevented from spreading farther by marram grass, a tall, long- rooted species that grows with the dunes and keeps them remarkably stable. Marram grass acts as a windbreak and allows other plants such as beach pea  and bayberry to take hold. On dunes where marram grass is broken down- for instance, where it is trampled- the dunes may spread inland and inundate agricultural lands or split up fishing harbors. The white dunes or the north coast are the most impressive. There are also white dunes on the east and west coasts. Only in the south are there red dunes, created when soft sandstone cliffs crumble into the sea and subsequently wash ashore as red sand. The dunes were once used as cattle pasture but were abandoned as the early settlers moved inland.
Salt marshes are the second remaining authentic habitat. These bogs are the result of the flooding of low coastal areas during unusually high tides. In the intervals between tides, a marsh area remains and plants take root, notably cord grass, the “marsh hay” used by the early settlers as winter forage for their livestock. Like the dunes, though, the marshes were soon dismissed as wasteland and escaped development.
What can be inferred about Prince Edward Island’s forests?
A.They are more extensive than they were in 1900.
B.They are virtually the same as they were in the 18th century.
C.About 80 percent of the island is covered by them.
D.Only a few small strands of trees still exist.