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Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following question.Water scarcity is fast becoming one of the major limiting factors in world crop production. In many areas, poor agricultural practices have led to increasing desertification and the loss of formerly arable lands: Consequently, those plant species that are well adapted to survival in dry climates are being looked at for an answer in developing more efficient crops to grow on marginally arable lands.Plants use several mechanisms to ensure their survival in desert environments. Some involve purely mechanical and physical adaptations, such as the shape of the plant's surface, smaller leaf size, and extensive root systems. Some of the adaptations are related to chemical mechanisms. Many plants, such as cacti, have internal gums and mucilage which give them water-retaining properties. Another chemical mechanism is that of the epicuticular wax layer. This wax layer acts as an impervious cover to protect the plant. It prevents excessive loss of internal moisture. It also protects the plant from external aggression, which can come from inorganic agents such as gases, or organic agents which include bacteria and plant pests.Researchers have proposed that synthetic waxes with similar protective abilities could be prepared based on knowledge of desert plants. If successfully developed, such a compound could be used to greatly increase a plant's ability to maintain health in such adverse situations as inadequate water supply, limited fertilizer availability, attack by pests, and poor storage after harvesting.
Câu 1: The word “extensive” in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to _________.


A. comprehensive            


B. shallow                   


C. widespread                         


D. spongy
Câu 2: This passage deals mainly with _________.      


A. desertification                                                  


B. developing efficient plants


C. factors limiting crop production   


D. decreasing water supply
Câu 3: The word “arable” in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to ________.


A. barren                          


B. marsh                      


C. fertile                      


D. parched
Câu 4: Which of the following is a mechanical or physical mechanism that desert plants use?       


A. The small root system   


B. The vast leaf size


C. The high water system       


D. The plant's shape
Câu 5: Which is one of the ways in which the epicuticular wax protects the plant?        


A. It guards against bacteria.   


B. It helps the plant to avoid excessive moisture intake.


C. It releases gases against plant pests.


D. It helps the plant to attack aggressors.
Câu 6: All of the following are examples of an adverse situation for crops EXCEPT _________.       


A. proper storage    


B. inadequate water    


C. insufficient fertilize  


D. pest aggression
Câu 7: It can be inferred that synthetic stimulate waxes _________.


A. have not succeeded 


B. have been determined to be impervious to organic and inorganic agents


C. have not been developed yet


D. have the quality of causing bacteria

A.
B.
C.
D.
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Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.Ecotourism is a combination of ecology (the study of systems of living things) and tourism. The International Ecotourism Society defines ecotourism as “responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment and improves the well-being of the local people“. Actually, ecotourism can mean travel to far-off places of great natural beauty, but not always in a responsible way. lt is a big business, and the allure of money can cause people to think about profits first. While ecotourism offers benefits for people and ecosystem, it leaves ecosystems open to negative effects, too.Costa Rica, once a Spanish colony, and independent since 1821, has an ecotourism industry worth over one billion dollars yearly, and thousands of jobs have been created. Nearly 21 percent of the land is now protected national parks, largely thanks to ecotourism. Nonetheless, due to the number of people visiting the country’s natural places, some damage to the ecosystem has occurred.While tourists can have a negative impact on ecosystems, the same areas might have been totally destroyed by industries such as farming, logging, or mining, instead, sanctuaries have been created, keeping the ecosystem protected. And, by visiting beautiful rainforests and seeing rare animals, visitors get a sense of their value, and of gratitude for them. Tour guides can also be educators who train people to love and care for the environment. Visitors can take these lessons with them to their home countries.Unfortunately, while their effects may not be noticeable in the off-season, the constant procession of visitors in the high seasons can be damaging. At one national park in Costa Rica. wild monkeys now feed on garbage left by the tourists. Furthermore, ecotourists tend to seek out places with the rarest animals and plants, pressuring the most delicate of living things.Controlling abuses isn’t easy. Corruption can lead officials to tolerate ecological damage. For example. a large resort facility. normally not allowed near a sanctuary, might be allowed if the company pays enough money to certain people in the government. Limited resources are another issue. Areas of forests and beaches that l would require an army to protect are often watched by several employees.It is easy to be critical of the ecotourism industry, but it is important to be positive as well. Ecotourism can never be “pure”. We can’t expect zero negative effects on the ecosystem. It is also unrealistic to think that humans won’t go anywhere accessible to them. if protection efforts are maintained and intensified, those remaining places of undisturbed nature may be stressed, but they won’t be destroyed. 
Câu 1: Which statement best summarizes the author’s point of view?


A. Ecotourism is a damaging trend that must be stopped.


B. Ecotourism is a way of protecting natural places.


C. Ecotourism causes some damage, but on the whole it benefits ecosystems.


D. Ecotourism will most likely become less popular in the future.
Câu 2: Which change has NOT occurred in Costa Rica since the introduction of ecotourism?


A. Thousands of ecotourism-related jobs have been created.


B. National parks have been created.


C. Some monkeys have started feeding on garbage.


D. Costa Rica became independent from Spain.
Câu 3: The word “allure” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to______


A. benefits


B. attraction


C. damage


D. ecosystems
Câu 4: What is the main idea of paragraph 3?


A. Ecotourism threatens to destroy rainforests as well as -farming, logging, and mining.


B. While ecotourism damages them somewhat, it also protects natural places from destruction.


C. Tour guides need to educate tourists on the dangers of farming, logging, and mining.


D. Rare animals need to be protected from visitors taking them home to their countries.
Câu 5: The word “off-season” in paragraph 4 refers to_____


A. a period of the year that is suitable for holidays


B. a period of the year when the plants do not grow much


C. a period of the year when there is less activity


D. a period of the year when the resorts are crowded
Câu 6: According to paragraph 5, why is it difficult to control abuses of ecotourism?


A. Too many sanctuaries are being created.


B. Officials are so few and can be too tolerant.


C. Not many people are interested in jobs controlling ecotourism abuses.


D. There is a lot of money available to build resorts.
Câu 7: Into which paragraph could the following sentence best be inserted? "ln this way, the children of future generations can learn respect for nature.”


A. Paragraph 3


B. Paragraph 4


C. Paragraph 5


D. Paragraph 6
Câu 8: The word “corruption” in paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to______


A. illegal activity


B. tolerance


C. government control


D. management
Câu 9:  The phrase "an army" in paragraph 5 could best be replaced by____


A. the military


B. a group of officials


C. tourists


D. a large group of people
Câu 10: Why does the author probably think it is easy to be critical of the ecotourism industry?


A. Because wildlife is very easy to protect.


B. Because it doesn’t make very much money.


C. Because it takes advantage of nature for profit.


D. Because it can’t create enough jobs for local people.
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Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 26 to 30.Few people now question the reality of global warming and its effects on the world's climate. Many scientists (26) ________ the blame for recent natural disasters on the increase in the world's temperatures and are convinced that, more than ever before, the Earth is at risk from the forces of the wind, rain and sun. According to them, global warming is making extreme weather events, such as hurricanes and droughts, even more (27) ________ and causing sea levels all around the world to rise. Environmental groups are putting pressure on governments to take action to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide which is given (28) _________ by factories and power plants, thus attacking the problem at its source. They are in favour of more money being spent on research into solar, wind and wave energy devices, (29) _________ could then replace existing power stations. Some scientists, (30) ________ believe that even if we stopped releasing carbon dioxide and other gases into the atmosphere tomorrow, we would have to wait several hundred years to notice the results. Global warming, it seems, is to stay.
Câu 1: (26) 


A. give                                    


B. put                          


C. take                         


D. have
Câu 2: (27) 


A. severe                     


B. strong                      


C. heavy                      


D. strict
Câu 3: (28) 


A. away                       


B. up                           


C. off                           


D. over
Câu 4: (29) 


A. what                       


B. which                      


C. that                         


D. who
Câu 5: (50) 


A. however                 


B. despite                    


C. although                 


D. because

A.
B.
C.
D.

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Câu 1: There are programmes to raise people's ________ of their responsibility for natural conservation.


A. concentration               


B. qualification            


C. attention                  


D. awareness
Câu 2: Lan and Huong have never come to class late, ________ ?
 


A. have they    


B. haven't they    


C. has she  


D. hasn't she
Câu 3: The shop assistant is ready to ________ me a helping hand. She was very nice.
       


A. take                              


B. lend                         


C. offer                        


D. get
Câu 4: After they _________ all the food, they picked up their bags and left.


A. were eating             


B. have eaten


C. had been eating


D. had eaten
Câu 5: His brother refuses to listen to anyone else's point of view. He is very _________.


A. open-minded  


B. narrow-minded 


C. bad-tempered     


D. kind-hearted
Câu 6: This is the house _________ by his father five years ago.
  


A. bought                         


B. was bought  


C. be bought 


D. which bought
Câu 7: I applied for a part-time job at the supermarket. They are going to _________.
    


A. hold me on 


B. carry me on      


C. put me on  


D. take me on
Câu 8: Most of us would maintain that physical __________ does not play a major part in how we react to the people we meet.


A. attractively                   


B. attract                      


C. attractiveness          


D. attractive
Câu 9: Thomas received a warning for speeding yesterday. He _________ so fast.
  


A. would have driven   


B. mightn't have driven


C. need have driven 


D. shouldn't have driven
Câu 10: It was late, so we decided __________ a taxi home.


A. to taking


B. taking                      


C. take                         


D. to take
Câu 11: You __________ so many accidents if you drove more slowly.


A. had not had  


B. would not have


C. would not have had 


D. will not have
Câu 12: One condition of this job is that you must be _________ to work at weekends.


A. capable                        


B. accessible                


C. available                 


D. acceptable
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Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word for each of the blanks.One rather unlikely word that has recently entered the language is “blog", a shortened form of “web log”. A blog is a diary _____(41) on the Internet by the person writing it - the blogger - who presumably _______(42) other people to read it. It is ironical that modern technology is being used to_____ (43) new life into such an old-fashioned form as the personal journal. And now, as the technology about video cameras is making them easier to use, we have the video log, or “vlog". Vlogging does not require______ (44) sophisticated equipment: a digital video camera, a high-speed Internet connection and a host are all that is needed. Vloggers can put anything that_______ (45) their fancy onto their personal website. Some vloggers have no ambitions rather than to show films they have_____ (46) while on holiday in exotic places. However, vlogs can also_____ (47) more ambitious purposes. For instance, amateur film-makers who want to make a ______(48) for themselves might publish their work on the lnternet. And increasingly, vlogs are being used to_______ (49) political and social issues that are not newsworthy enough to get coverage by the mass media. It is still too early to predict whether vlogging will ever _______(50) off in a major way or if it is just a passing fad, but its potential is only now becoming apparent.
Câu 1: _________(41)


A. released


B. sent


C. posted


D. mounted
Câu 2: _______(42)


A. believes


B. expects


C. assumes


D. supposes
Câu 3: ________(43)


A. add


B. inhale


C. insert


D. breathe
Câu 4: _______(44)


A. absolutely


B. largely


C. utterly


D. highly
Câu 5: _______(45)


A.  grasps


B. appeals


C. takes


D. gives
Câu 6: _________(46)


A. shot


B. photographed


C. snapped


D. captured
Câu 7: ________(47)


A. serve


B. employ


C. function


D. play
Câu 8: _________(48)


A. publicity


B. fame


C. name


D. promotion
Câu 9: _______(49)


A. emphasize


B. publicize


C. distribute


D. circulate
Câu 10: ________(50)


A. fly


B. show


C. take


D. make
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B.
C.
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Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions.
Câu 1: The student next to me kept chewing gum. That bothered me a lot.


A. The student next to me bothering me a lot kept chewing gum.


B. The student next to me kept chewing gum bothered me a lot.


C. The student next to me kept chewing gum that bothered me a lot.


D. The student next to me kept chewing gum, which bothered me a lot.
Câu 2: I suppose they are very tired. They have been working all morning.


A. Because they have been working hard they are now very tired.


B. They must be very tired as they have been working all morning.


C. They can be very tired due to working all moming.


D. They were very tired because of a hard working moming.

A.
B.
C.
D.

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