Read the following passage  and mark the letter (A, B, C or D) on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each for  the question  from 61 to 70.
   Tides are the periodic rise and fall of the Earth’s waters that are caused the Moon’s and Sun’s forces of gravity acting on the Earth.It is important to distinguish natural tidal phenomena  from huge tsunamis , with the latter being caused  by earthquakes and undersea  volcanic eruptions.
    The Moon is a main factor controlling ordinary tides. At the location on the Earth closest to the Moon, it exerts a powerful gravitational pull on the water. The resulting rise in the water produces higher tides. The water on the side of the Earth farthest away from the Moon also gets pulled by this lunar gravity, but not as strongly. The Earth itself has its own gravitational force that is constantly pulling waters downward, which is why the oceans do not simply bulge out toward the Moon. Ordinary tides usually feature high and low waters alternating in relation to the Earth’s rotation. Most shores around the world have high waters and two low waters for each day, which last about 24 hours and 50 minutes. The difference in height between the high water and low water is called the range of tide, and it can be quite dramatic in narrower bays .Canada’s bays of Fundy , for example , commonly experiences the world’s most extreme tidal ranges , with daily differences of the 16 meters.
     Two other types of tides are influenced by the Sun , which is much farther away from the Earth and exerts less than half of the Moon’s gravitational force. When the Sun, the Moon and the Earth are directly in line, the solar and lunar gravitational forces add up to produce higher spring tides. The range of spring tides is intensified, with higher water marks and lower low water marks. However, when the Moon is in the first or third quarter, it is at a 90-degree angle with the Sun in relation to the Earth .The opposing solar and lunar forces partially cancel each other out, and the result is a lower tide. This is called a neap tide, which comes twice a month and has lower high water marks and higher low water marks. The range of neap tides is minimum.
      Some tides do not occur over water at all. The solid body of the Earth has slight elasticity, so lunar and solar gravity cause it to stretch very subtly. These changes in the Earth’s shape, although imperceptible to humans, are known as Earth tides. Another tidal phenomenon, atmospheric tides, is caused by the Sun’s heating of the Earth’s atmosphere. Like ordinary tides, they usually occur over 12-hour periods.
The word it in paragraph 2 refers to ____________.
A.height
B.the high water
C.the low water
D.the range of tide

Read the following passage  and mark the letter (A, B, C or D) on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each for  the question  from 61 to 70.
   Tides are the periodic rise and fall of the Earth’s waters that are caused the Moon’s and Sun’s forces of gravity acting on the Earth.It is important to distinguish natural tidal phenomena  from huge tsunamis , with the latter being caused  by earthquakes and undersea  volcanic eruptions.
    The Moon is a main factor controlling ordinary tides. At the location on the Earth closest to the Moon, it exerts a powerful gravitational pull on the water. The resulting rise in the water produces higher tides. The water on the side of the Earth farthest away from the Moon also gets pulled by this lunar gravity, but not as strongly. The Earth itself has its own gravitational force that is constantly pulling waters downward, which is why the oceans do not simply bulge out toward the Moon. Ordinary tides usually feature high and low waters alternating in relation to the Earth’s rotation. Most shores around the world have high waters and two low waters for each day, which last about 24 hours and 50 minutes. The difference in height between the high water and low water is called the range of tide, and it can be quite dramatic in narrower bays .Canada’s bays of Fundy , for example , commonly experiences the world’s most extreme tidal ranges , with daily differences of the 16 meters.
     Two other types of tides are influenced by the Sun , which is much farther away from the Earth and exerts less than half of the Moon’s gravitational force. When the Sun, the Moon and the Earth are directly in line, the solar and lunar gravitational forces add up to produce higher spring tides. The range of spring tides is intensified, with higher water marks and lower low water marks. However, when the Moon is in the first or third quarter, it is at a 90-degree angle with the Sun in relation to the Earth .The opposing solar and lunar forces partially cancel each other out, and the result is a lower tide. This is called a neap tide, which comes twice a month and has lower high water marks and higher low water marks. The range of neap tides is minimum.
      Some tides do not occur over water at all. The solid body of the Earth has slight elasticity, so lunar and solar gravity cause it to stretch very subtly. These changes in the Earth’s shape, although imperceptible to humans, are known as Earth tides. Another tidal phenomenon, atmospheric tides, is caused by the Sun’s heating of the Earth’s atmosphere. Like ordinary tides, they usually occur over 12-hour periods.
The word exerts in paragraph 2 is closet in meaning to _____________.
A.mixes with
B.bring into use
C.infers from
D.connects with

Read the following passage  and mark the letter (A, B, C or D) on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each for  the question  from 61 to 70.
   Tides are the periodic rise and fall of the Earth’s waters that are caused the Moon’s and Sun’s forces of gravity acting on the Earth.It is important to distinguish natural tidal phenomena  from huge tsunamis , with the latter being caused  by earthquakes and undersea  volcanic eruptions.
    The Moon is a main factor controlling ordinary tides. At the location on the Earth closest to the Moon, it exerts a powerful gravitational pull on the water. The resulting rise in the water produces higher tides. The water on the side of the Earth farthest away from the Moon also gets pulled by this lunar gravity, but not as strongly. The Earth itself has its own gravitational force that is constantly pulling waters downward, which is why the oceans do not simply bulge out toward the Moon. Ordinary tides usually feature high and low waters alternating in relation to the Earth’s rotation. Most shores around the world have high waters and two low waters for each day, which last about 24 hours and 50 minutes. The difference in height between the high water and low water is called the range of tide, and it can be quite dramatic in narrower bays .Canada’s bays of Fundy , for example , commonly experiences the world’s most extreme tidal ranges , with daily differences of the 16 meters.
     Two other types of tides are influenced by the Sun , which is much farther away from the Earth and exerts less than half of the Moon’s gravitational force. When the Sun, the Moon and the Earth are directly in line, the solar and lunar gravitational forces add up to produce higher spring tides. The range of spring tides is intensified, with higher water marks and lower low water marks. However, when the Moon is in the first or third quarter, it is at a 90-degree angle with the Sun in relation to the Earth .The opposing solar and lunar forces partially cancel each other out, and the result is a lower tide. This is called a neap tide, which comes twice a month and has lower high water marks and higher low water marks. The range of neap tides is minimum.
      Some tides do not occur over water at all. The solid body of the Earth has slight elasticity, so lunar and solar gravity cause it to stretch very subtly. These changes in the Earth’s shape, although imperceptible to humans, are known as Earth tides. Another tidal phenomenon, atmospheric tides, is caused by the Sun’s heating of the Earth’s atmosphere. Like ordinary tides, they usually occur over 12-hour periods.
Why does the author mention tsunamis in the passage? 
A.To explain that not all tides are caused by gravity.
B.To give an example of an extreme tidal phenomenon.
C.To show that they are not related to natural tides.
D.To suggest that more categories for tides area needed.

Read the following passage  and mark the letter (A, B, C or D) on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each for  the question  from 61 to 70.
   Tides are the periodic rise and fall of the Earth’s waters that are caused the Moon’s and Sun’s forces of gravity acting on the Earth.It is important to distinguish natural tidal phenomena  from huge tsunamis , with the latter being caused  by earthquakes and undersea  volcanic eruptions.
    The Moon is a main factor controlling ordinary tides. At the location on the Earth closest to the Moon, it exerts a powerful gravitational pull on the water. The resulting rise in the water produces higher tides. The water on the side of the Earth farthest away from the Moon also gets pulled by this lunar gravity, but not as strongly. The Earth itself has its own gravitational force that is constantly pulling waters downward, which is why the oceans do not simply bulge out toward the Moon. Ordinary tides usually feature high and low waters alternating in relation to the Earth’s rotation. Most shores around the world have high waters and two low waters for each day, which last about 24 hours and 50 minutes. The difference in height between the high water and low water is called the range of tide, and it can be quite dramatic in narrower bays .Canada’s bays of Fundy , for example , commonly experiences the world’s most extreme tidal ranges , with daily differences of the 16 meters.
     Two other types of tides are influenced by the Sun , which is much farther away from the Earth and exerts less than half of the Moon’s gravitational force. When the Sun, the Moon and the Earth are directly in line, the solar and lunar gravitational forces add up to produce higher spring tides. The range of spring tides is intensified, with higher water marks and lower low water marks. However, when the Moon is in the first or third quarter, it is at a 90-degree angle with the Sun in relation to the Earth .The opposing solar and lunar forces partially cancel each other out, and the result is a lower tide. This is called a neap tide, which comes twice a month and has lower high water marks and higher low water marks. The range of neap tides is minimum.
      Some tides do not occur over water at all. The solid body of the Earth has slight elasticity, so lunar and solar gravity cause it to stretch very subtly. These changes in the Earth’s shape, although imperceptible to humans, are known as Earth tides. Another tidal phenomenon, atmospheric tides, is caused by the Sun’s heating of the Earth’s atmosphere. Like ordinary tides, they usually occur over 12-hour periods.
What is the main idea of the passage?
A.Tides are influenced more by Moon than by the Sun.
B.Tides are  a natural phenomenon but are not natural disaster .
C.Tides always occur over water and are usually predictable.
D.Tides are a phenomenon mainly caused by forces of gravity.

Read the following passage  and mark the letter (A, B, C or D) on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each for  the question  from 46 to 55.
Charles Lindbergh was born in Detroit, Michigan, in 1902 but was raised on a farm in Minnesota, where his father was elected to the U.S. Congress in 1907. From then on, he spent his boyhood alternately in Washington, D.C. Detroit, and Little Falls, Minnesota. Because Lindbergh exhibited exceptional mechanical talent, in 1921 he was admitted to the University of Wisconsing to study engineering. However, the young man was seeking more challenging endeavors, and two years later he became a stunt pilot who performed feats at county fairs and public assemblies. This unusual and dangerous undertaking paid off handsomely in the sense that it allowed him to gain a diverse and well-rounded experience in aeronautics. He particularly delighted in what he called “wing-walking” and parachute jumping.
            After a year of training as a military cadet, Lindbergh completed his program at the Brooks and Kelly airfields at the top of his class and earned the rank of captain. Robertson Aircraft Corporation of St. Louis, Missouri, offered him employment as a mail pilot to run the routes between St. Louis and Chicago, and Lindbergh retained his position with the company until 1927. During this period, he set out to win the Raymond B. Orteig prize of $25,000 to be awarded to the first pilot to fly nonstop from New York to Paris. This ambition would irreversibly change his life and accord him a prominent place in the history of aviation.
            Embarking on the greatest adventure of his time, Lindbergh left Roosevelt Field at 7:52 A.M. on May 20, 1927, and landed at Le Bourget Field at 5:24 P.M. the next day. Fearing that he would be unknown when he arrived, Lindbergh carried letters of introduction to dignitaries in Paris, but when his plane came to a stop, he was overwhelmed by tremendous welcoming crowds. He was decorated in France, Great Britain, and Belgium, and President Coolidge sent a specially designated cruiser, the Memphis, to bring him back, His accomplishments in aeronautics brought him more medals and awards than had ever been received by any other person in private life.
A paragraph following the passage would most probably discuss ____________.
A.the development of commercial and military aviation
B.the reaction of the government to Lindbergh’s flight
C.the effect of instant celebrity on Lindbergh
D.Lindbergh’s aircraft and engine modifications

Read the following passage  and mark the letter (A, B, C or D) on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each for  the question  from 46 to 55.
Charles Lindbergh was born in Detroit, Michigan, in 1902 but was raised on a farm in Minnesota, where his father was elected to the U.S. Congress in 1907. From then on, he spent his boyhood alternately in Washington, D.C. Detroit, and Little Falls, Minnesota. Because Lindbergh exhibited exceptional mechanical talent, in 1921 he was admitted to the University of Wisconsing to study engineering. However, the young man was seeking more challenging endeavors, and two years later he became a stunt pilot who performed feats at county fairs and public assemblies. This unusual and dangerous undertaking paid off handsomely in the sense that it allowed him to gain a diverse and well-rounded experience in aeronautics. He particularly delighted in what he called “wing-walking” and parachute jumping.
            After a year of training as a military cadet, Lindbergh completed his program at the Brooks and Kelly airfields at the top of his class and earned the rank of captain. Robertson Aircraft Corporation of St. Louis, Missouri, offered him employment as a mail pilot to run the routes between St. Louis and Chicago, and Lindbergh retained his position with the company until 1927. During this period, he set out to win the Raymond B. Orteig prize of $25,000 to be awarded to the first pilot to fly nonstop from New York to Paris. This ambition would irreversibly change his life and accord him a prominent place in the history of aviation.
            Embarking on the greatest adventure of his time, Lindbergh left Roosevelt Field at 7:52 A.M. on May 20, 1927, and landed at Le Bourget Field at 5:24 P.M. the next day. Fearing that he would be unknown when he arrived, Lindbergh carried letters of introduction to dignitaries in Paris, but when his plane came to a stop, he was overwhelmed by tremendous welcoming crowds. He was decorated in France, Great Britain, and Belgium, and President Coolidge sent a specially designated cruiser, the Memphis, to bring him back, His accomplishments in aeronautics brought him more medals and awards than had ever been received by any other person in private life.
The author of the passage implies that Lindbergh did not anticipate becoming a __________.
A.pilot
B.celebrity
C.mail carrier
D.army captain

Mark the letter A,B,C or D on  your answer sheet to indicate the word or phrase that is CLOSEST  in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions.
In most countries, compulsory military service does not apply to women.
A.superior
B.mandatory
C.beneficial
D.constructive

Mark the letter A,B,C or D on  your answer sheet to indicate the word or phrase that is CLOSEST  in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions.
Their migration may be halted if fog, clouds, or train hides the stars.
A.postponed
B.spoiled
C.stopped
D.endangered

Mark the letter A,B,C or D on  your answer sheet to indicate the word or phrase that is CLOSEST  in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions.
He hates to testify against a friend.
A.gossip
B.give evidence
C.protest
D.spread rumors

From the four words or phrases (A, B, C or D), choose the one that best completes the sentence.
I think we should be ................... of the potential implications of building on such a sensitive site.
A.conversant
B.mindful  
C.answerable
D.attuned