What is the cause of the spring tides?
 
A.The triangular arrangement of the Earth, Sun, and Moon
B.The Earth’s movement around the Sun
C.Seasonal changes in the weather
D.The gravitational pull of the Sun and the Moon when nearly in line with the Earth

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Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
Have you ever thought about inventing something? Did you worry that your idea was too strange or unrealistic? Well, maybe you should think again. Strange or unrealistic ideas never stopped Arthur Pedrick. Pedrick was a British inventor. Originally a government clerk, he spent his retirement in the 1960s and 1970s developing new and unusual ideas. Some of these ideas contradicted basic physics, but that didn’t stop Pedrick. One of his strangest ideas was a plan to connect large tubes from the continent of Australia all the way to Antarctica, a distance of 10,000 km! These tubes would carry giant ice balls from Antarctica to Australia. This ice would then melt in the Australian desert, and the water would be used in irrigation. Another of Pedrick’s inventions was a radio-controlled golf ball. A golfer could change the speed and direction of the golf ball by small flaps, controlled by computer chips. Using radio waves, the golfer could also find lost golf balls. Arthur Pedrick had thousands of bizarre ideas for inventions, most of which were never built.
         Though many of Pedrick’s inventions were never developed, a lot of other strange ideas were. In 1989, a company designed and sold a theft-prevention device for expensive cars. As part of this device, several tubes were attached to the bottom of a car. If someone tried to steal the car, super hot flames would come out of the tubes and burn the car thief. Some people who were not thieves, however, were seriously injured. They accidentally set off the device by walking past the car. Other strange inventions include underwear for dogs and pens with drinkable ink. The underwear keeps dogs from making a mess when they go out for a walk. Also, if you are ever thirsty during a test, a pen with drinkable ink would be very handy! If you have an idea that seems a little out in left field, don’t let that stop you from trying it. You’ll be in good company.
In the passage, what is implied when a dog “makes a mess”?
A.It digs in the dirt.        
B.It goes to the bathroom.
C.It spreads its food around.     
D.It has dirty hair.

Your teacher gives you the following brochure about crime. Read the information and answer the questions.
How to Avoid Being Mugged
          A surprisingly large number of people have had first-band experience of some sort of crime in the streets, the most common of which is mugging. In the city of Chicago alone, there are about 6,000 muggings every year. Here are some tips in order to avoid joining the growing list of people who have been mugged.
          How can a mugger be spotted?
          Be wary of loiterers who seem to be window shopping or who aren’t really doing anything. Muggers need time to find the right victim, so they neither hide nor walk very quickly. They often ask for spare change or what the time is. These are tricks to distract their victims, and also to figure out if you have any expensive jewellery or items worth stealing. Finally, be suspicious of anyone who is wearing clothing which hides their identity, such as a hooded jacket.
          What kind of victims do muggers search for?
          Muggers love solitary individuals, so be sure to stay where the people are. Avoid empty streets and alleyways, and whenever possible, try to walk with a friend. Walk confidently and take long steps. Muggers do not like people who are relaxed and seem sure of themselves. It is also a good idea to look a potential mugger in the eye, for the same reason. However, if the mugger is an aggressive type, establishing eye contact may backfire, as he/she might see it as a challenge. So if your confident look is met with an angry stare, be the first to look away. Lastly, do not dress in a way that makes you stand out. If you are a tourist, try to dress like a local.
          What can you do if you realize you are a target?
          It is sometimes a good idea to act unpredictably, perhaps by acting crazy or shouting. If there are people around, shouting “Fire!” is more effective than “Help!”. However, in the majority of cases muggers carry dangerous weapons, so it’s probably safer to go along with their demands. If a mugger forces you into your car, you will probably be told to drive to an ATM and withdraw cash. Don’t worry, though, because most banks will refund any money withdrawn while being robbed if you report the incident to the police.
If a mugger looks at you angrily, you should _________.
    
A.avoid meeting his eyes     
B.stare at him confidently
C.talk to him in a friendly way    
D.run away as fast as you can