VIII. Read the passage and statements below carefully, and then say whether the statements are true (T), false (F) or not given (NG).
Music is a part of every culture on the Earth. Many people feel that music makes life worth living. We can make music ourselves if we play an instrument or sing. We can hear music on CDs and on radio or television. Music gives us pleasure. It can cheer us up, excite us, or soothe us.
WHAT IS MUSIC?
Music can be happy, sad, romantic, sleepy, spine-tingling, healing—all kinds of things. But what is it? Some people define it as an artful arrangement of sounds across time. Our ears interpret these sounds as loud or soft, high or low, rapid and short, or slow and smooth. The sounds need to continue for a time in some sort of pattern to become music.
Music, like language, is a uniquely human form of communication. As with language, there are many different kinds. In North America, people listen to jazz, rock, classical, folk, country, and many other kinds of music. Each kind of music has its own rules and “speaks” to us in its own way.
What we think of as music depends on where we live. What Americans are used to listening to might sound strange to someone from another culture, and vice versa. It might not even sound like music. In Indonesia, gamelan orchestras play music on gongs, drums, and xylophones. These aren’t the instruments you’d find in a typical orchestra in North America.
Today, modern communications make it possible for us to listen to music from all over the world. Music from one part of the world influences music from another part. For example, gamelan music from Indonesia influenced 20th-century American composers such as John Cage.
People have the same definition of music.
A.T
B.F
C.NG
D.Ø

VII. Read the following passage carefully, and then select the best option A, B, C or D to complete it.
Music, artful arrangement of sounds across time. This definition is obviously very broad, but a narrower one would exclude too much. Music is part of virtually every culture on Earth, (26)                it varies widely among cultures in style and structure. Definitions of music can change dramatically over a short time, as they have across the world during the 20th century.
Can music exist without sound? Some philosophers argue that music should be defined as a kind of “mental image” and that the (27)                aspects of sound are simply by-products of this image. If you think you can have a musical experience by imagining the sound of a piece of music, then you think music can exist without sound. But most musical experiences (28)                producing or listening to physical characteristics of sound such as pitch and timbre (quality comparable to texture or color in sight).
Is the tape recorded sound of a large metal-stamping machine music? Are 4 minutes and 33 seconds of silence music? Is the activity of reading a list of hundreds of (29)                unrelated objects, activities, and states of mind music? Each of these “works”, as well as many (30)                sounds (or nonsounds), has been copyrighted as a musical composition, performed, and recorded in the 20th century. One of the legacies of 20th-century music is to have blurred the definition of music as never before.
(27)
A.material
B.physical
C.body
D.structure

VI. Find the one mistake (A, B, C or D) in these sentences and then correct them.
I’d like to have taken (A) a holiday, but  (B) I didn’t have (C) too much  (D) money.
A.to have taken
B.but
C.didn't have
D.too much

V. Choose the best answer A, B, C or D for each sentence.
We were woken early by the sound of the birds _______.
A.song
B.sing
C.singer
D.singing

Don't throw trash everywhere. Put it in the................... over there.
A.bags
B.boxes
C.garbage bins
D.cans

I think the government should ..............and fine anyone littering in the streets.
A.prohibit
B.allow
C.permit
D.control

III. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
            Lake Victoria is the largest lake in Asia. It is one of the sources for the Nile River and provides a source of water, food and power for several African countries.
            Unfortunately, Lake Victoria has a problem. It is shrinking. There are several power stations at Lake Victoria in Uganda. These are on the Nile River, and in addition to generating power, they keep the water levels of Lake Victoria steady. For the past fourty years, that level has been 11.9 meters. Over the last several years, the water level has dropped by about 2.5 meters. There appear to be several reasons for this drop.
            One commonly blamed reason is drought. Drought has been very bad in the area since 2000. Lake Victoria gets all of its water from rains, so the drought means less water in the lake.
            However, some environmentalists believe that the real problem is the power plants on Lake Victoria. Uganda relies on those power plants for most of its power, and they made the power plants larger in 2000. Many people believe the power plants have been taking too much water off Lake Victoria.
            Whether the low water level is caused by drought or power plants, the result is the same. This is already a poor area of Africa, where many people struggle to survive. People, animals and plants around Lake Victoria will suffer even more from lower water levels on the lake. Many people need this lake for fishing or growing food. Fish need water to live, and animals need it for water. Plants around the lake will die without the water, and then more animals and people will suffer and die.
Which of the following best states the main idea os the reading?
A.Lake Victoria is the source of power for Africa    
B.There is no means of helping African
C.Drought is a threat to Lake Victoria
D.Every life around Lake Victoria is threatened

I. Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needa correcting.
He is a considerate and generous man wholoved not only by his family but also by all his friends.
A.all his friends      
B.loved
C.is a   
D.but also

He might get fat if he............ smoking.
A.stops
B.stopped
C.had stopped
D.would stop

When he returned home after 20 years, every thing had changed ..............
A.completedly
B.completed
C.completingly
D.completely