Đề cương ôn thi môn Tiếng Anh lớp 12 - trường THPT Thống Nhất năm học 2019-2020

For your bright future! ÔN THI THPTQG 2020

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Teacher: Duong Ngan

SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO QUẢNG NINH

TRƯỜNG THPT THỐNG NHẤT

ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP

TIẾNG ANH

LỚP 12B

Giáo viên: DƯƠNG THỊ HỒNG NGÂN

NĂM HỌC : 2019 – 2020

Lưu hành nội bộ

REVIEW

1. Cách nhận biết từ loại:

a. Cánh nhận biết danh từ: danh từ thường có các hậu tố sau:

-TION/ -ATION invention, information, education

-MENT development, employment

-ENCE/-ANCE difference, importance

-NESS richness, happiness, business

-ER (chỉ người) teacher, worker, writer, singer

-OR (chỉ người) inventor, visitor, actor

-IST (chỉ người) physicist, biologist, chemist

-AR/-ANT/-EE (chỉ người) beggar, assistant, employee

-ING teaching, schooling

-AGE teenage, marriage

-SHIP friendship, championship

-ISM (chủ nghĩa) pessimism, optimism

-(I)TY possibility, responsibility, reality, beauty

(verb)-AL refusal, arrival, survival

-TH warmth, strength, youth, truth, depth

b. Cánh nhận biết tính từ: tính từ thường có các hậu tố sau:

-FUL successful, helpful, beautiful

-LESS (nghĩa phủ định) homeless, careless

(noun)-Y (có nhiều) rainy, snowy, windy

(noun)-LY (có vẻ, hàng ngày giờ.ngày..) friendly, yearly, daily

-ISH selfish, childish

(noun)-AL (thuộc về) natural, cutural

-OUS nervous, dangerous, famous

-IVE active, expensive

-IC electric, economic

-ABLE comfortable, acceptable

c. Cánh nhận biết động từ: động từ thường có tiền tố hoặc hậu tố sau:

Tiền tố EN- endanger, enlarge, enrich (làm giàu), encourage (động viên)

-FY classify, satisfy, beautify

-IZE, -ISE socialize, modernize, industrialize

-EN widen, frighten

-ATE considerate, translate

d. Cánh nhận biết trạng từ: trạng từ thường có hậu tố -LY. Ex: beautifully, carefully, suddenly, carelessly, recently ...

Lưu ý: Một số trạng từ đặc biệt cần ghi nhớ:

- good (a) well (adv): giỏi, tốt

- late (a) late / lately (adv): trễ, chậm

- ill (a) ill (adv): xấu, tồi, kém

- fast (a) fast (adv): nhanh

- hard (a) hard (adv): tích cực, vất vả, chăm chỉ hardly (adv): hầu như không

2. Chức năng của một số từ loại:

a. Danh từ (Noun)

Sau tính từ (adj + N)They are interesting books.Sau

- mạo từ: a /an / the

- từ chỉ định: this, that, these, those, every, each, …

- từ chỉ số lượng: many, some, few, little, several ...

- tính từ sở hữu: my, his, her, your, our, their, its…

He is a student.

These flowers are beautiful.

She needs some water.Sau ngoại động từ (V cần O)She buys books.

She meets a lot of people.Sau giới từ (prep. + N)He talked about the story yesterday.

He is interested in music.Trước V chia thì (N làm chủ từ)The main has just arrived.Sau enough (enough + N)I don’t have enough money to buy that house.b. Tính từ (Adj)

Trước N (Adj + N)This is an interesting books.Sau TO BE I am tired.Sau: become, get, look, feel, taste, smell, seem … It becomes hot.

She feels sad.Sau trạng từ (adv + adj): extremely (cực kỳ), completely (hoàn toàn), really (thực sự), terribly, very, quite, rather, …It is extremely cold.

I’m terribly sorry.

She is very beautiful.Sau keep / makeThe news made me happy.Sau too ( be + too + adj)That house is too small.Trước enough (be + adj + enough)The house isn’t large enough. Trong cấu trúc: be + so + adj + thatShe was so angry that she can’t speak.A, an, the, this, that, his, her, their, my, … + (Adj) + NounMy new car is blue.Trong câu cảm thán:

- How + adj + S + V

- Wht + (a / an) + adj + N

How beautiful the girl is!

What an interesting film!

c. Trạng từ (Adv)

Sau V thườngHe drove carefully.Trước AdjI meet an extremely handsome man.Giữa cụm VShe has already finished the job.Đầu câu hoặc trước dấu phẩyUnfortunately, I couldn’t come the party.Sau too V + too + advThey walked too slowly to catch the bus.Trong cấu trúc V + so + adv + thatJack drove so fast that he caused an accident.Trước enough V + adv + enoughYou should write clearly enough for every body to read.

UNIT 1: HOME LIFE

VOCABULARY

- night shift: ………………………………………….

- biology ( ): …………………………………………

- biologist ( ): ………………………………………..

- biological ( ): ……………………………………….

- join hands: work together cùng làm việc, chung sức, cùng nhau

- (be) willing to + V1: sẵn lòng làm việc gì

- household chores: ……………………………………….

- run the household: trông nom gia đình

- make sure chắc chắn

- rush (v) ……………………………………

- responsibility ( ): …………………………………….

- responsible (a): …………………………………….

- take the responsibility for + V-ing: nhận trách nhiệm

- pressure (n): …………………………………….

- (be) under pressure: dưới sức ép, áp lực

- take out = remove: ……………………………………

Ex: My responsibility is to wash the dishes and take out the garbage.

- mischievous ( ): ……………………………………….

- mischief (n): …………………………………..

- give someone a hand = help someone: …………………………………..

- obedient (a) ≠ disobedient (a): ………………………………….

- obedience (n): ……………………………………

- obey ( ): ………………………………….

- close – knit: quan hệ khắng khít, đoàn kết chặt chẽ

- supportive of …………………………………..

- frankly (adv): cởi mở, bộc trực, thẳng thắn

- frank (a): ………………………………………

- make a decision: ……………………………………

- solve (v): ……………………………………

- solution ( ): …………………………………

- secure (a): ………………………………..

- ………………………. (n): sự an toàn

- (be) crowded with đông đúc

- well – behaved (a): …………………………….

- confidence (n): sự tự tin, sự tin tưởng,

- confident in s.o (a): tự tin, tin tưởng vào ai

- base (n) nền tảng

- come up = appear xuất hiện - hard-working (a) chăm chỉ

Note:

Let + O + V1: để cho ai làm việc gì

Have to + V1: phải

Allow / permit + O + to-inf: cho phép ai làm việc gì

Allow / permit + V-ing: cho phép

Be allowed / permitted + to-inf: được cho phép

Ex: She let me (use) ---------------------- her pen.

Students have to (wear) --------------------------- uniform when going to school.

My mother permitted me (go) ------------------------- out with my friends.

I was allowed (go) ----------------------- out with my friends.

She doesn’t allow (smoke) ----------------------- in her room.

GRAMMAR

1. PRONUNCIATION:

* Cách phát âm của –s / -es

- Có 3 cách phát âm –s hoặc –es tận cùng.

* đọc thành âm /s/ với những từ có âm cuối là / p, f, k, t, θ /

* đọc thành âm /iz/ với những từ có âm cuối là / s, z, ∫, t∫, dƷ/

* đọc thành âm /z/ với những trường hợp còn lại

- Examples:

* /s/: maps, books, hats, coughs, laughs, photographs ….

* /iz/: buses, watches, roses, washes, boxes…..

* /z/: bells, eyes, plays ….

- When she arrived, I had been waiting for two hours.

- It was 10 p.m. He had been working since 8 p.m.- At 7 o’clock tonight, we will be watching the news.

- I will be cooking dinner while my daughter will be cleaning the floor.

- They will be working all this afternoon.Choose the best answer among A, B, C, or D.

1. When I last saw him, he _____ in London.

A. has lived B. is living C. was living D. has been living

2. We _______ Dorothy since last Saturday.

A. don’t see B. haven’t seen C. didn’t see D. hadn’t seen

3. The train ______ half an hour ago.

A. has been leaving B. left C. has left D. had left

4. Jack ______ the door.

A. has just painted B. paint C. will have painted D. painting

5. My sister ________ for you since yesterday.

A. is looking B. was looking C. has been looking D. looked

6. I ______ Texas State University now.

A. am attending B. attend C. was attending D. attended

7. He has been selling motorbikes ________.

A. ten years ago B. since ten years C. for ten years ago D. for ten years

8. Christopher Columbus _______ American more than 500 years ago.

A. discovered B. has discovered C. had discovered D. had been discovering

9. He fell down when he ______ towards the church.

A. run B. runs C. was running D. had run

10. We _______ there when our father died.

A. still lived B. lived still C. was still lived D. were still living

11. They ______ table tennis when their father comes back home.

A. will play B. will be playing C. play D. would play

12. By Christmas, I _______ for Mr. Smith for six years.

A. shall have been working B. shall work C. have been working D. shall be working

13. I _______ in the room right now.

A. am being B. was being C. have been being D. am

14. I ______ to New York three times this year.

A. have been B. was C. were D. had been

15. I’ll come and see you before I _______ for the States.

A. leave B. will leave C. have left D. shall leave

16. The little girl asked what _______ to her friend.

A. has happened B. happened C. had happened D. would have been happened

17. John ______ a book when I saw him.

A. is reading B. read C. was reading D. reading

18. Her brother ______ in Canada at present.

A. working B. works C. is working D. work

19. I ______ to the same barber since last year.

A. am going B. have been going C. go D. had gone

20. Her father ______ when she was a small girl.

A. dies B. died C. has died D. had died

21. Almost everyone _______ for home by the time we arrived.

A. leave B. left C. leaves D. had left

22. By the age of 25, he ______ two famous novels.

A. wrote B. writes C. has written D. had written

23. While her husband was in the army, Mary ______ to him twice a week.

A. was reading B. wrote C. was written D. had written

24. I couldn’t cut the grass because the lawn mower ______ a few days previously.

A. broke down B. has been broken C. had broken down D. breaks down

24. I have never played badminton before. This is the first time I _____ to play.

A. try B. tried C. have tried D. am trying

25. Since _______, I have heard nothing from him.

A. he had left B. he left C. he has left D. he was left

26. After I _______ lunch, I looked for my bag.

A. had B. had had C. have has D. have had

27. By the end of next year, George _______ English for two years.

A. will have learned B. will learn C. has learned D. would learn

28. The man got out of the car, ________ round to the back and opened the book.

A. walking B. walked C. walks D. walk

29. Henry _______ into the restaurant when the writer was having dinner.

A. was going B. went C. has gone D. did go

30. He will take the dog out for a walk as soon as he ______ dinner.

A. finish B. finishes C. will finish D. finishing

UNIT 2: CULTURAL DIVERSITY

VOCABULARY

- diversity ( ) = variety (n) ……………………………………

- diversify (v): đa dạng hóa

- approval (n) ≠ disapproval (n): ………………………………….

- approve (v): chấp thuận

- marry (v): cưới

- marriage (n): - married (a): ………………………………

- groom (n): ………………………..

- bride (n): ………………………

- precede (v) = happen or exist before: đứng trước, đến trước

- determine (v) = find out: ……………………………..

- attract ( ): …………………………..

- attractive ( ): …………………………..

- physical attractiveness (n): …………………………

- attraction ( ): ……………………….

- concern (v) = relate to: ………………………..

- maintain (v): ……………………….

- appearance (n): ………………………

- ………………… (v): tell someone about something very secret: chia sẻ, tâm sự

- confide in someone: tin cậy

- wise (a) ≠ unwise (a): ……………………………

- reject (v): …………………………

- ……………………… (v): willing stop having something you want: ……………………..

- trust (n, v): ……………………….

- trustful (a): cả tin, hay tin người

- oblige to (v): having a duty to do something: bắt buộc

- obligation ( ): ……………………………

- counterpart (n): đối tác, bên tương tác

- ………………………..(n): thế hệ

- (be) based on: ………………………

- believe in ……………………………

- fall in love with s.o ……………………………..

- decide + to-inf quyết định

- attitude toward thái độ đối với

- independent of (a) ……………………………..

≠ dependent on (a); ……………………………..

- protect s.o from .th bảo vệ ai khỏi cái gì

Ex: The conical leaf hat protects people from sun and rain.

- beauty (n) …………………………..

- beautiful (……) ……………………………

- agree with ………………………….

It’s + adj + to-inf ….: thật … để

→ V-ing … + is + adj

Note:

Ex: It’s difficult to study English.

--------------------------------------------------------------

GRAMMAR

1. Cách phát âm –ed:

- Có 3 cách phát âm –ed tận cùng.

* đọc thành âm /id/ với những từ có âm cuối là / t, d /

* đọc thành âm /t/ với những từ có âm cuối là /p, f, k, s, ∫, t∫, θ /

* đọc thành âm /d/ với những trường hợp còn lại

- Examples:

* /id/: wanted, needed, prevented, confided ….

* /t/: looked, stopped, laughed, coughed, sacrificed…..

* /d/: played, seemed, planned…….

2. TENSES

1. After Mrs. Wang had returned to her house from work, she was cooking dinner.

A B C D

2. Jimmy threw the ball high in the air, and Betty catching it when it came down.

A B C D

3. Linda has worn her new yellow dress only once since she buys it.

A B C D

4. Last week Mark told me that he got very bored with his present job and is looking for a new one.

A B C D

5. 23. Caroline has worn her new yellow dress only once since she buys it.

A B C D

6. When I turned on my computer, I was shocked to find some junk mail, and I just delete it all.

A B C D

7. We have written to each other when we were in primary school.

A B C D

8. The boss laughed when the secretary has told him that she really needed a pay rise.

A B C D

9. The telephone rang several times and then stop before I could answer it.

A B C D

10. Debbie, whose father is an excellent tennis player, has been playing tennis since ten years.

A B C D

11. I saw lots of interesting places since I went on holiday last summer.

A B C D

12. When my cat heard a noise in the bushes, she stopped moving and listen intently.

A B C D

13. I think it’s time you change your way of living.

A B C D

14. Roger felt the outside of his pocket to make sure his wallet is still there.

A B C D

15. When I’m shopping in the supermarket, I ran into an old friend who I hadn’t met for five years.

A B C D

16. The police arrested the man while he is having dinner in a restaurant.

A B C D

17. Peter and Wendy first met in 2006, and they are married for three years now.

A B C D

18. Some people are believing there is life on other planets.

A B C D

19. Recently, the island of Hawaii had been the subject of intensive research on the occurrence of earthquakes.

A B C D

20. Every morning, the sun shines in my bedroom window and waking me up.

A B C D

21. My father hasn’t smoked cigarettes for a month.

A. It’s a month since my father last smoked cigarettes. B. It’s a month ago that my father smoked cigarettes.

C. It’s a month that my father hasn’t smoked cigarettes. D. It’s a cigarette that my father smoked a month ago.

22. Mr. Brown bought this car five years ago.

A. Mr. Brown started to buy this car five years ago. B. It has been five years when Mr. Brown bought this car

C. Mr. Brown has had this car for five years . D. It is five years ago since Mr. Brown bought this car.

23. John used to write home once a week when he was abroad.

A. John doesn’t now write home once a week any longer.

B. John enjoyed writing home every week when he was abroad.

C. John never forgot to write a weekly letter home when he was abroad.

D. When he was abroad he remembered to write home every week.

24. We started working here three years ago.

A. We worked here for three years. B. We have no longer worked here for three years.

C. We have worked here for three years. D. We will work here in three years.

UNIT 3: WAYS OF SOCIALISING

VOCABULARY

- …………………… (n): xã hội

- social (a): ……………………….

- socialize (v): ………………………

- socialization (n): ………………………

- verbal (a) ≠ non-verbal (a): ……………………..

- get / attract someone’s attention: ………………………

- ……………………… (v): giao tiếp

- communication (n): …………………….

- communicative (a): có tính giao tiếp, truyền đạt

- wave (v): ……………………………

- signal (n, v): dấu hiệu, ra dấu

- catch one’s eyes: attract someone’s attention: làm ai chú ý

- get off ≠ get on: ……………………………

- appropriate (a): thích hợp, đúng

- nod (v): ………………………….

- clap (hands): vỗ tay

- impolite (rude) ≠ polite (a): …………………….

- formal (a) ≠ informal (a): ……………………..

- informality (n) ≠ formality (n): …………………….

- approach (v): come near: …………………….

- object to: phản đối

- reasonable (a): …………………..

- (be) sorry for: ……………………….

- break down: ……………………..

- point at chỉ vào

Note:

Would like + to-inf

Want + to-inf

Ex: Would you like to have a cup of coffee?

I want to be a doctor.

Lời khen ngợiLời cảm ơn- You really have a beautiful _______.

- You look really nice with ________.

- Your hairstyle is terrific.

- Your English is better than many Americans.- Thank you / Thanks. That’s a nice compliment.

- You’ve got to be kidding! I thought it was terrible.

- I’m glad you like it.

- Thanks. That’s very nice of you to say so.

* Trọng âm của những từ có hai âm tiết:

- Trọng âm chỉ được đặt trên từ gốc. Phần được thêm vào (tiếp đầu ngữ hay tiếp vĩ ngữ) không được tính là vần/âm tiết.

1. Danh từ và tính từ:

- Trọng âm được đặt ở vần đầu

Ex: ‘table, ‘happy, ‘lucky, ‘weather……

- Một số danh từ có trọng âm ở từ gốc

Ex: de’sign, be’lief, ac’cept, de’mand………..

- Danh từ tận cùng –OO hay –OON: trọng âm đặt trên vần này

Ex: after’noon, bam’boo, bal’loon……..

2. Động từ:

- động từ tận cùng bằng –OW, -EN, -Y, -EL, -LE, -ISH: trọng âm ở vần thứ nhất

Ex: ‘follow, ‘finish, ‘carry, ‘suffer, ‘harden, ‘answer………

- động từ tận cùng bằng –ATE: trọng âm đặt ở vần hai

Ex: trans’late, cre’ate……..

EXERCISE

1. a. generation b. marriage c. value d. belief

2. a. police b. spirit c. banquet d. culture

3. a. determine b. maintain c. sacrifice d. apologize

4. a. scary b. dissolve c. expand d. reform

5. a. manage b. recognize c. argue d. discriminate

6. a. offer b. listen c. precede d. follow

7. a. support b. fascinate c. accept d. believe

8. a. inform b. appeal c. attempt d. hesitate

9. a. endanger b. compose c. flourish d. delight

10. a. stimulate b. subtract c. announce d. maintain

Choose the best answer:

He asked them --------------.A. help him B. should help him C. to help him D. help to him

She said that she -------------- there the year before.A. went B. had gone C. would go D. goes

Peter asked Jane why -------------- the film on T.V the previous night.A. didn’t she watch B. hadn’t she watched

C. she doesn’t watch D. she hadn’t watched

They said they -------------- us if we needed.A. help B. helped C. would help D. had helped

He advised them -------------- in class.A. to not talk B. not to talk C. to talk not D. don’t talk

She said to us “Do