Reported speech with infinitives and gurunds

Reported speech with “to infinitive”

Khi lời nói gián tiếp là lời đề nghị, mệnh lệnh, ý định, lời hứa, lời yêu cầu,... độn g từ tường thuật cùng với động từ nguyên mẫu theo sau thường dùng để truyền tải nội dung lời nói trên

• Động từ tường thuật + tân ngữ + động từ nguyên mẫu [ to infinitive]Động từ tường thuật: ask, advise, command, invite, order, recommend, encourage, urge, warn, want., beg, instruct, persuade…

• Động từ tường thuật + động từ nguyên mẫu [ to infinitive]Động từ tường thuật: agree, demand, hope, promise, threaten, offer, refuse, decide... Would you/ Could you / Will you/ Can you -> asked+ sb + to + V Would you mind + V-ing /Do you mind + V-ing -> asked + sb + to +V Would you like/ Will you -> invited + sb + to + Va. Đề nghị, lời mời: S + invite + (O) + to V … S + offer + to V …Ex: He said, “Would you like to go out for a drink?”---> He invited me to go out for a drink.b. Yêu cầu: (động từ tường thuật ask)  S + asked + someboby + for + somethingEx: In a restaurant, the man said; “I’d like a bottle of red wine, please”-> The man asked for a bottle of red wine c. Khuyên bảo: S + advised + O + to V …

Ex: “You should study harder,” my mother said.---> My mother advised me to study harder.Lời khuyên thường bắt đầu bằng:- You should / You ought to V...........- If I were you , I would/ should …- You had better …- Why don’t you ….Eg: ’ Why don’t you repaint our room?  She advised me to repaint their room.d. Lời nhắc nhởRemember… khi chuyển sang lời nói gián tiếp ta áp dụng cấu trúc sauDon’t for get S + remind(ed) + someboby + to Infinitive verbEx: She said to me; “Don’t forget to ring me up tomorrow evening”-> She reminded me to ring her up the bext eveining e. Sự đồng ý về quan điểm như: all right, yes, of course (áp dụng cấu trúc sau):  S + agreed + to verb…Ex: “All right, I’ll wait for you” he said-> He agreed to wait for me f. Câu trực tiếp diễn tả điều mong muốn như: would like, wish :  S + wanted + O + to verb…Ex: “I’d like Lan to become a doctor,” my mum said -> My mum wanted Lan to become a doctor g. Từ chối : S + refused + to V …Eg: ‘No, I won’t lend you my car”-> He refused to lend me his car.h. Lời hứa: S + promised to V…Eg: ‘I’ll send you a card on your birthday” -> He promised to send me a card on my birthday.

PRACTICE

Rewrite the following sentences in reported speech with infinitives.

1. “Remember to write to me soon,” she said to me. She reminded ....................................................................................2. “You’d better spend more time learning to write,” I said to the boy.I advised ...........................................................................................3. “Would you like to have dinner with us tonight?” Mike said to Linda. Mike invited .......................................................................................4. “Please, please turn off the T.V, John,” said Tom.Tom begged .......................................................................................5. “Don’t lean your bicycles against my windows, boys,” said the shopkeeper.The shopkeeper warned .....................................................................6. “Open the safe,” the robber said to the bank clerk. The robber ordered .............................................................................7. “Leave this space clean, David,” she said.She told .............................................................................................8. “Shall I open the window for you, Edna?” he said.He offered ..........................................................................................9. “I’ll wait for you. I promise,” he said to me.He promised ......................................................................................10. “Would you like to come with me?” John said to Mary.John invited ........................................................................................11. “Don’t forget to take the holiday,” Mark said to me.Mark reminded me ..............................................................................12. “You should take a holiday,” Jane said to David.Jane advised ......................................................................................13. “I thought you took a holiday last summer,” Tom said to Sophia. John expected Sophia .........................................................................14. “Taking a holiday would be a good idea,” George said.George proposed ....................................................................................15. “ You really must take a holiday, Linda,” Jim said.Jim told ..............................................................................................16. “Don’t touch that switch, Peter,” I said.I warned ....................................................................................17. “Read this document before you sign it,” he said to her. He advised ....................................................................................18. “Will you help me, please?” she said to me. She asked ....................................................................................19. “Please do as I say,” he said to me. He begged ....................................................................................20. “Don’t forget to prune the roses,” my aunt said to AlfredMy aunt reminded ..........................................................................21. “Would you like me to help you with the cooking, Tom?” Laura said. Laura offered ....................................................................................22. “If you don’t pay the ransom, we’ll kill your son,” the kidnappers said to them.The kidnappers threatened .............................................................23. “I won’t answer any questions,” Paul said Paul agreed ....................................................................................24. “Would you like to go camping with us next weekend?” Andrew said to Cindy.Andrew invited .................................................................................25. “Don’t forget to join in the contest tomorrow morning, Robin,” Jessica said.Jessica reminded ............................................................................26. “Would you like me to clean the room for you, Alvin?” she said.She offered ....................................................................................27. “If I were you, I would join the voluntary team tomorrow, Tom,” said Eve.Eve advised ....................................................................................28. “Flora, can you remember to buy some bread?” said Raymond. Raymond reminded ...........................................................................29. “ I really think you should see a doctor, Lucia, ” said Thomas.Thomas advised .................................................................................30. “No, I’m sorry, I won’t work on Saturday,” said Victoria Victoria refused .................................................................................31. “ If you like, I’ll help you do the decorating, Carol,” said Charles Charles offered .................................................................................32. Louis said, “Yes, all right, I’ll share the bill with you, Lisa” Louis agreed ....................................................................................33. “Carol, speaking English,” he said He told ..............................................................................................34. “Fill in the form, sir” the receptionist said to the guest. The receptionist asked .......................................................................35. “Mind your own business,” Ethel told me. Ethel told ..............................................................................................36. “Don’t repair the computer yourself,” she said to him. She warned ...........................................................................................37. “Don’t give yourself up” he told his girlfriend. He advised ..........................................................................................38. “Don’t go out without me,” Harry told Sally. Harry begged .......................................................................................39. Allen said, “I’d like you to visit my house, Jack” Allen wanted ........................................................................................40. “Don’t forget to post the letter for me when you go out,” my wife said to me. My wife reminded ....................................................................................41. “Could you possibly speak more slowly, please?” the student said to the teacher. The student asked ....................................................................................42. “Guard, take him to the prison,” said the king. The king ordered ....................................................................................43. “Can you translate this sentence into English for me?” Maria said to Mark. Maria asked ..........................................................................................44. “Don’t forget to send your uncle a birthday card tomorrow,” Mary said to her son. Mary reminded ....................................................................................45. “Please come to our wedding,” John said to his boss. John invited .........................................................................................46. “I’ll pay for the next round,” Bobby said.

Bobby agreed .......................................................................................47. “Don’t run around the edge of the swimming pool or you’ll fall in,” Susan said to her children. Susan warned ....................................................................................48. “I won’t go to bed,” Ron said. Ron refused .......................................................................................49. “You should talk to your advisor,” Bill said to Linda.

Bill advised ..........................................................................................50. “Take that chewing gum out of your mouth immediately!” the teacher said to Tom. The teacher ordered ..........................................................................

Reported speech with gerund

1. Động từ tường thuật + V-ing.......* Động từ tường thuật:deny, admit, suggest, regret...........Ex: He said to me; “Let’s go home”-> He suggested going home 2. Động từ tường thuật + giới từ + Ving…* Động từ tường thuật: : dream of, object to, insist on, complain about, think of, look forward to......... Ex: “I’ll help you with your physics exercise,” Peter said to Susan.---> Peter insisted on helping Susan with her physics exercise.3.  Động từ tường thuật + giới từ + tân ngữ + Ving…* Động từ tường thuật: thank sb for, accuse sb of, congratulate sb on, apologize sb for, warn sb against, prevent sb from, stop sb from… Ex1: “It was nice of you to help me. Thank you very much,” Tom said to you. ---> Tom thanked me for helping him.Ex2: “I’m sorry I’m late,” Peter said.---> Peter apologised for being late.Danh động từ tường thuật thường đi theo động từ tường thuật “suggest” trong các mẫu câu đề nghị sau:• Why don’t you/ Why not / How about -> suggest + V-ing• Let’s / Let’s not -> suggest + V-ing/ suggest + not+ V-ing• Shall we/ It’s a good idea -> suggest + V-ing.a. Cảm ơn, xin lỗi:

S + thanked + s.o + for + v-ingS + apologized for + (not) + v-ingS + apologized + to s.o + for + (not) + v-ing

Ex1: “It was nice of you to help me. Thank you very much,” Tom said to you. ---> Tom thanked me for helping him.Ex2: “I’m sorry I’m late,” Peter said.---> Peter apologised for being late.

b. Chúc mừng: S + congratulated + s.o + on + v-ing

Ex: John said, “I heard you received the scholarship. Congratulations!”---> John congratulated me on receiving the scholarship.“I hear you passed your exams. Congratulations!” John said to us. -> Tom congratulated us on passing our exams 

c. Cương quyết, khăng khăng: S + insisted + on + v-ing…

Ex: “I’ll help you with your physics exercise,” Peter said to Susan.---> Peter insisted on helping Susan with her physics exercise.“I’ll drive you to the station. I insist,” Peter said to Linda-> Peter insisted on driving Linda to the station d. Cảnh báo, ngăn cản: Lời cảnh báo như : be careful, be dangerous

a. S + warned + s.o + to verb…b. S + warned + s.o + against + v-ing …

Ex1: “Be careful of strangers and don’t go out at night”; he said -> He warned us to be careful strangers and not to out at night Ex2: “Don’t stay at the near the airport,” I said to Ann-> I warned Ann against staying at the hotel near the airportEx3: “Don’t go out alone at night,” I said to Linda.---> I warned Linda agaisnt going out alone at night.

Ngăn cản: S + prevented/stopped + s.o + from + v-ing…

Ex1: “Stay here! I can’t let you go out tonight,” her mother said to Jane-> Her mother prevented Jane from going out that night Ex2: “Sit here. I can’t let you stand all the time,” Mary said to me.---> Mary prevented me from standing all the time.e. Chấp nhận hoặc phủ nhận: S + admitted/ denied + V-ing…

Ex1: “We stole his money,” they said.---> They admitted stealing his money./ having stolen his money.Ex2: “I didn’t steal his money,” she said.---> She denied stealing his money.f. Đề nghị, gợi ý: 

S + suggest + (not) + V-ing …S1 + suggest (ed) + That + S2 + should + bare infinitive

Ex: He said to me; “Let’s go home”-> He suggested going home -> He suggested that we should go home Ex: “Let’s go out for a drink,” Susan said.---> Susan suggested going out for a drink. g. Tố cáo, buộc tội:Ex: “You took some of my money,” he said.---> He accused me of taking some of his money.

h. Mơ ước: S + dreamed + of + V-ing…

Ex: “I want to pass the exam with flying colours,” John said.---> John dreamed of passing the exam with flying colours.“I’ve always wante to be rich, ” Bob said 

-> Bob had always dreamed of being richi. Sự suy nghĩ về cái gì:

S + think (thought) + of + V-ing…

Ex: John’s wife: The house is very nice! We’ll certainly buy it  John : I think so -> John and his wife were thinking of buying the house. 

k. Sự mong đợi: S + looked forward to + V-ing…

Ex: “Mr.Smith: I feel like meeting our children soon”Mrs Smith: I think so -> Mr and Mrs. Smith looked forward to meeting their children soon

PRACTICE

Rewrite the following sentences in reported speech with Gerund

1.“Why don’t we organize an English competition for our students?” said Ms Lien.Ms Lien suggested …………………………………………………….....2.“I’m sorry I’m late,’ said Mr Thanh. Mr Thanh apologized ……………………………………………………3.“Me? No, I didn’t take Sue’s calculator,” Said Bob.Bob denied ……………………………………………………………….4.“You took my pencil,” said David to Henry. David accused ……………………………………………………………5.“I must see the manager,” he cried. He insisted ……………………………………………………………….6.“If you wanted to take my bike, you should have asked me first,” said Mike to his brother.Mike criticized ………………………………………………………….7.“ You won the scholarship. Congratulation!” Mary told me.Mary congratulated ……………………………………………………8.“It was kind of you to help me with my homework,” Lan said to Hoa. Lan thanked ………………………………………………………….9. “Turn off the computer. You are not allowed to play game now,” Dick’s mother said to him.Dick’s mother prevented …………………………………………………10.“I’m sorry that I broke the glass,” said Peter. Peter apologized ………………………………………………………….11. “Let’s invite Mr. Brown to the party next weekend,” he said. He suggested ……………………………………………..…………….12.“You stole the jewels,” the inspector said to him.The inspector accused …………………………………………………13.“I only borrowed your car for some hours,” the man said. The man admitted ………………………………………………………14.“I’m sorry I damaged your tape recorder, Mike,” said Bob.Bob apologized ………………………………………………………….15. “It’s nice of you to invite me to lunch,” Bob said to John.Bob thanked ……………………………………………………………..16. Carol said, “What about going to the cinema this weekend, Max ?” Carol suggested ………………………………………………………….17. “I’m sorry I forgot your birthday,” Dave said Julia.Dave apologized ………………………………………………………….18. “Why didn’t you tell me the truth?” he said to me.He accused ………………………………………………………………..19. “Don’t go near that deserted house,” Tony said to Monica.Tony warned ………………………………………………………………20. “I’m sorry. I broke the vase,” my son said.My son admitted ………………………………………………………….21. “You cheated in the exam,” the teacher said to Jack.The teacher accused …………………………………………………….22. “Great! You are well-dressed today, Mary,” Tommy said.Tommy complimented ……………………………………………………23. “You have just got a promotion, haven’t you? Congratulation!” Peter said to her friend.Peter congratulated ………………………………………………………...24. “You mustn’t get into this area,” the policeman said to them.The policeman stopped ……………………………………………………..25. “I know I’m wrong,” he said.He admitted ………………………………………………………………….26. “I didn’t say that last night,” Joan said.Joan denied …………………………………………………………………27. “If only I had told him the true!” Jane said.Jane regrets …………………………………………………………………28. “I haven’t finished the assignment yet. I’m really sorry”.The boy apologized ………………………………………………………….29. “It’s you who took my bag,” the man said to the boy.The man accused …………………………………………………………….30. “No, no .I really must sit for the test,” Hilary said.Hilary insisted …………………………………………………………………31. “What I always want is to become a doctor,” she said.She dreamt ……………………………………………………………………32. “I can’t let you use the mobile phone,” his mother said to him.His mother prevented …………………………………………………………33. “I like this car. I’ll buy it,” Christina said.Christina thought ……………………………………………………..34. “I feel like going to America next month,” Margaret said.Margaret looked forward to ……………………………………………35. “It was your fault. You didn’t tell me,” she told me She blamed ……………………………………………………..36. “I don’t think that we must widen the village road”, he saidHe objected ……………………..……………………………………………37. “You are so selfish to behave like this,” my mother said to him.My mother criticized ……………………………………………………..38. "I wish to speak English very fluently,” said Stella.Stella dreamt ……………………………………………………..39. “I must go home now,” said DaisyDaisy insisted ……………………………………………………..40."Sorry teacher, I didn't do the homework," Philip said to his teacher. Philip apologized to ……………………………………………………..41. “You didn’t pay attention to what I said,” the teacher said to himThe teacher accused ……………………………………………………..42. “I hear you passed your exams. Congratulations!” Mark said to us. Mark congratulated ……………………………………………………..43. “It was nice of you to visit me. Thank you,” Miss White said to Jack.Miss White thanked ……………………………………………………..44. “I’ve always wanted to be rich” Bob said.Bob dreamed ……………………………………………………..45. “Why don’t we go to the beach tonight for a change?” said Henry.Henry suggested ……………………………………………………..46. “You failed to save my husband’s life,” she said to the doctors.She blamed ……………………………………………………..47. “Let me pay for the meal,” said Ben.Ben insisted ……………………………………………………..48. “Yes. I’ve spent too much money doing the shopping,” she said.She admitted ……………………………………………………..49. “Well done, Tom. You won the game,” said the teacher.The teacher congratulated ……………………………………………50. “Beware of this bad road! It’s very dangerous to drive on it!” He said to us.He warned ……………………………………………………..