Read the following passage, and mark the letter (A, B, C or D) on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each question.
What geologists call the Basin and Range Province in the United States roughly coincides in its northern portions with the geographic province known as the Great Basin. (51)The Great Basin is hemmed in on the west by the Sierra Nevada and on the east Line by the Rocky Mountains; it has no outlet to the sea.(52) The prevailing winds in the Great Basin are from the west. Warm, moist air from the Pacific Ocean is forced upward as it crosses the Sierra Nevada. At the higher altitudes it cools and the moisture it carries is precipitated as rain or snow on the western slopes of the mountains. That which reaches the Basin is air wrung dry of moisture(54). What little water falls there as rain or snow, mostly in the winter months, evaporates on the broad, flat desert floors. It is, therefore, an environment in which organisms battle for survival. Along the rare watercourses, cottonwoods and willows eke out a sparse existence. In the upland ranges, pinion pines and junipers struggle to hold their own. (56)
But the Great Basin has not always been so arid. Many of its dry, closed depressions were once filled with water. Owens Valley, Panamint Valley, and Death Valley were once a string of interconnected lakes.(57) The two largest of the ancient lakes of the Great Basin were Lake Lahontan and Lake Bonneville. The Great Salt Lake is all that remains of the latter, and Pyramid Lake is one of the last briny remnants of the former. There seem to have been several periods within the last tens of thousands of years when water accumulated in these basins. The rise and fall of the lakes were undoubtedly linked to the advances and retreats of the great ice sheets that covered much of the northern part of the North American continent during those times. Climatic changes during the Ice Ages sometimes brought cooler, wetter weather to mid latitude deserts worldwide, including those of the Great Basin(60). The broken valleys of the Great Basin provided ready receptacles for this moisture.
It can be inferred that the climate in the Great Basin is dry because
A.the weather patterns are so turbulent
B.the altitude prevents precipitation
C.the winds are not strong enough to carry moisture
D.precipitation falls in the nearby mountains

Read the following passage, and mark the letter (A, B, C or D) on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each question.
What geologists call the Basin and Range Province in the United States roughly coincides in its northern portions with the geographic province known as the Great Basin. (51)The Great Basin is hemmed in on the west by the Sierra Nevada and on the east Line by the Rocky Mountains; it has no outlet to the sea.(52) The prevailing winds in the Great Basin are from the west. Warm, moist air from the Pacific Ocean is forced upward as it crosses the Sierra Nevada. At the higher altitudes it cools and the moisture it carries is precipitated as rain or snow on the western slopes of the mountains. That which reaches the Basin is air wrung dry of moisture(54). What little water falls there as rain or snow, mostly in the winter months, evaporates on the broad, flat desert floors. It is, therefore, an environment in which organisms battle for survival. Along the rare watercourses, cottonwoods and willows eke out a sparse existence. In the upland ranges, pinion pines and junipers struggle to hold their own. (56)
But the Great Basin has not always been so arid. Many of its dry, closed depressions were once filled with water. Owens Valley, Panamint Valley, and Death Valley were once a string of interconnected lakes.(57) The two largest of the ancient lakes of the Great Basin were Lake Lahontan and Lake Bonneville. The Great Salt Lake is all that remains of the latter, and Pyramid Lake is one of the last briny remnants of the former. There seem to have been several periods within the last tens of thousands of years when water accumulated in these basins. The rise and fall of the lakes were undoubtedly linked to the advances and retreats of the great ice sheets that covered much of the northern part of the North American continent during those times. Climatic changes during the Ice Ages sometimes brought cooler, wetter weather to mid latitude deserts worldwide, including those of the Great Basin(60). The broken valleys of the Great Basin provided ready receptacles for this moisture.
Why does the author mention cottonwoods and willows?
A.To demonstrate that certain trees require a little of water
B.To give examples of trees that are able to survive in a difficult environment
C.To show the beauty of the landscape of the Great Basin
D.To assert that there are more living organisms in the Great Basin than there used to be

Read the following passage, and mark the letter (A, B, C or D) on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each question.
What geologists call the Basin and Range Province in the United States roughly coincides in its northern portions with the geographic province known as the Great Basin. (51)The Great Basin is hemmed in on the west by the Sierra Nevada and on the east Line by the Rocky Mountains; it has no outlet to the sea.(52) The prevailing winds in the Great Basin are from the west. Warm, moist air from the Pacific Ocean is forced upward as it crosses the Sierra Nevada. At the higher altitudes it cools and the moisture it carries is precipitated as rain or snow on the western slopes of the mountains. That which reaches the Basin is air wrung dry of moisture(54). What little water falls there as rain or snow, mostly in the winter months, evaporates on the broad, flat desert floors. It is, therefore, an environment in which organisms battle for survival. Along the rare watercourses, cottonwoods and willows eke out a sparse existence. In the upland ranges, pinion pines and junipers struggle to hold their own. (56)
But the Great Basin has not always been so arid. Many of its dry, closed depressions were once filled with water. Owens Valley, Panamint Valley, and Death Valley were once a string of interconnected lakes.(57) The two largest of the ancient lakes of the Great Basin were Lake Lahontan and Lake Bonneville. The Great Salt Lake is all that remains of the latter, and Pyramid Lake is one of the last briny remnants of the former. There seem to have been several periods within the last tens of thousands of years when water accumulated in these basins. The rise and fall of the lakes were undoubtedly linked to the advances and retreats of the great ice sheets that covered much of the northern part of the North American continent during those times. Climatic changes during the Ice Ages sometimes brought cooler, wetter weather to mid latitude deserts worldwide, including those of the Great Basin(60). The broken valleys of the Great Basin provided ready receptacles for this moisture.
The word "accumulated" is closest in meaning to
A.dried
B.flooded
C.collected
D.evaporated

Read the following passage, and mark the letter (A, B, C or D) on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer for each of the blanks.
In most capital cities, which were built long before the heyday of the private car, there is rarely enough (61)………..for moving traffic, and certainly not enough for parked vehicles. Buses move slowly because of the volume of (62)…………..thus encouraging more commuters to abandon public transport. Banning traffic from some areas may help, but such a (63)………….may not actually diminish the number of cars coming into the city. What has happened in effect is that the (64)…………….of the private car have become the number one priority, and the older functions of the city centre as meeting place and focus for social life have been lost. The new city cannot (65)…………..without a series of ring roads. Giant car parks are (66)…… new palaces and cathedrals. During the working hours of the day, there is the constant (67)….of traffic, but at night the centre is nearly empty, apart from a few homeless in doorway. Most people have (68)………….. back to the suburbs, and very few of those who live in the centre have cars, for often there is nowhere to park them. The old cities with its narrow streets, may still retain a lively air (69)…………that may be because it exists as an island, where no cars are permitted. Unless the local authorities have not yet plucked up the courage to ban most traffic from the streets, (70)……….which case the city centre is congested by day and gigantic car park by night.

A.cars
B.noise
C.congestion
D.traffic

Read the following passage, and mark the letter (A, B, C or D) on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer for each of the blanks.
In most capital cities, which were built long before the heyday of the private car, there is rarely enough (61)………..for moving traffic, and certainly not enough for parked vehicles. Buses move slowly because of the volume of (62)…………..thus encouraging more commuters to abandon public transport. Banning traffic from some areas may help, but such a (63)………….may not actually diminish the number of cars coming into the city. What has happened in effect is that the (64)…………….of the private car have become the number one priority, and the older functions of the city centre as meeting place and focus for social life have been lost. The new city cannot (65)…………..without a series of ring roads. Giant car parks are (66)…… new palaces and cathedrals. During the working hours of the day, there is the constant (67)….of traffic, but at night the centre is nearly empty, apart from a few homeless in doorway. Most people have (68)………….. back to the suburbs, and very few of those who live in the centre have cars, for often there is nowhere to park them. The old cities with its narrow streets, may still retain a lively air (69)…………that may be because it exists as an island, where no cars are permitted. Unless the local authorities have not yet plucked up the courage to ban most traffic from the streets, (70)……….which case the city centre is congested by day and gigantic car park by night.

A.numbers
B.needs
C.car parks
D.uses

Read the following passage, and mark the letter (A, B, C or D) on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer for each of the blanks.
In most capital cities, which were built long before the heyday of the private car, there is rarely enough (61)………..for moving traffic, and certainly not enough for parked vehicles. Buses move slowly because of the volume of (62)…………..thus encouraging more commuters to abandon public transport. Banning traffic from some areas may help, but such a (63)………….may not actually diminish the number of cars coming into the city. What has happened in effect is that the (64)…………….of the private car have become the number one priority, and the older functions of the city centre as meeting place and focus for social life have been lost. The new city cannot (65)…………..without a series of ring roads. Giant car parks are (66)…… new palaces and cathedrals. During the working hours of the day, there is the constant (67)….of traffic, but at night the centre is nearly empty, apart from a few homeless in doorway. Most people have (68)………….. back to the suburbs, and very few of those who live in the centre have cars, for often there is nowhere to park them. The old cities with its narrow streets, may still retain a lively air (69)…………that may be because it exists as an island, where no cars are permitted. Unless the local authorities have not yet plucked up the courage to ban most traffic from the streets, (70)……….which case the city centre is congested by day and gigantic car park by night.

A.build
B.survive
C.plan
D.construct

Read the following passage, and mark the letter (A, B, C or D) on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer for each of the blanks.
In most capital cities, which were built long before the heyday of the private car, there is rarely enough (61)………..for moving traffic, and certainly not enough for parked vehicles. Buses move slowly because of the volume of (62)…………..thus encouraging more commuters to abandon public transport. Banning traffic from some areas may help, but such a (63)………….may not actually diminish the number of cars coming into the city. What has happened in effect is that the (64)…………….of the private car have become the number one priority, and the older functions of the city centre as meeting place and focus for social life have been lost. The new city cannot (65)…………..without a series of ring roads. Giant car parks are (66)…… new palaces and cathedrals. During the working hours of the day, there is the constant (67)….of traffic, but at night the centre is nearly empty, apart from a few homeless in doorway. Most people have (68)………….. back to the suburbs, and very few of those who live in the centre have cars, for often there is nowhere to park them. The old cities with its narrow streets, may still retain a lively air (69)…………that may be because it exists as an island, where no cars are permitted. Unless the local authorities have not yet plucked up the courage to ban most traffic from the streets, (70)……….which case the city centre is congested by day and gigantic car park by night.

A.din
B.amount
C.parking
D.filling

Choose the phrase that best completes the sentence.
They didn’t discover that the picture had been stolen until they came back home.
A.Until they came back home that they discovered that the picture had been stolen.
B.It is not until they came back home that they discovered that the picture had been stolen.
C.Not until they came back home had the picture been stolen.
D.Only after they came back home did they discover that the picture had been stolen.

Choose the phrase that best completes the sentence.
The manager contributes generously, so I can continue my plan.
A.Had it not been for the manager’s generous contribution, I couldn’t continue my plan.
B.The manager’s generous contribution gets my plan continue.
C.But for the manager’s generous contribution, I couldn’t continue my plan.
D.Should the manager contribute generously, I could continue my plan.

Choose the phrase that best completes the sentence.
He was exhausted after a long trip, but he helped me to repair my broken chair.
A.Although he helped me to repair my broken chair, he was exhausted after a long trip.
B.Exhausted after a long trip as he was, he helped me to repair my broken chair
C.Because he helped me to repair my broken chair after a long trip, he was exhausted.
D.Exhausted after a long trip though he helped me to repair my broken chair.