$\text{a) 14.2 + (x - 60) = 82.}$
$\text{⇒ 28 + (x - 60) = 82.}$
$\text{⇒ x - 60 = 82 - 28.}$
$\text{⇒ x - 60 = 54.}$
$\text{⇒ x = 54 + 60.}$
$\text{⇒ x = 114.}$
$\text{Vậy x = 114.}$
$\text{b) $(x^{3})^2$ = 64.}$
$\text{⇒ $x^{6}$ = 64.}$
$\text{⇒ $x^{6}$ = $2^6$ = $(-2)^6$.}$
$\text{⇒ x = ± 2.}$