Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
BASKETBALL
Although he created the game of basketball at the YMCA in Springfield, Massachusetts, Dr. James A. Naismith was a Canadian. Working as a physical education instructor at the International YMCA, now Springfield College, Dr. Naismith noticed a lack of interest in exercise among students during the wintertime. The new England winters were fierce, and the students balked at participating in outdoor activities. Naismith determined a fast-moving game that could be played indoors would fill a void after the baseball and football seasons had ended.
First, he attempted to adapt outdoor games such as soccer and rugby to indoor play, but he soon found them unsuitable for confined areas. Finally, he determined that he would have to invent a game.
In December of 1891, Dr. Naismith hung two old peach baskets at either end of the gymnasium at the school, and, using a soccer ball and nine players on each side, organized the first basketball game. The early rules allowed three points for each basket and made running with the ball violation. Every time a goal was made, someone had to climb a ladder to retrieve the ball.
Nevertheless, the game became popular. In less than a year, basketball was being played in both the United States and Canada. Five years later, a championship tournament was staged in New York City, which was won by the Brooklyn Central YMCA.
The teams had already been reduced to seven players, and five became standard in 1897 season. When basketball was introduced as a demonstration sport in the 1904 Olympic Games in St. Luis, it quickly spread throughout the world. In 1906, a metal hoop was used for the first time to replace the basket, but the name basketball has remained.
The word "them" in the second paragraph refers to
A.indoors     
B.seasons     
C.games        
D.areas

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
These days more and more people are aware __________ the importance of protecting endangered species.
A.with
B.on
C.of
D.up

Read the following passage  and mark the letter (A, B, C or D) on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each for  the questions. 
Children learn to construct language from those around them. Until about the age of three, children tend to learn to develop their language by modeling the speed of their parents, but from that time on, peers have a growing influence as models for language development in children. It is easy to observe that, when adults and older children interact with younger children, they tend to modify their language to improve children communication with younger children, and this modified language is called caretaker speech.
Caretaker speech is used often quite unconsciously; few children actually study how to modify language when speaking to young children but, instead, without thinking, find ways to reduce the complexity of language in order to communicate effectively with young children. A caretaker  will unconsciously speak in one way with adults and in a very different way with young children. Caretaker speech tends to be slower speech with short, simple words and sentences which are said in a higher-pitched voice with exaggerated inflections and many repetitions of essential information. It is not limited to what is commonly called baby talk, which generally refers to the use of simplified, repeated syllable expressions, such as ma-ma, boo-boo, bye-bye, wa-wa, but also includes the simplified sentence structures repeated in sing-song inflections. Examples of these are expressions such as “ say bye-bye” or “where’s da-da?”
Caretaker speech serves the very important function of allowing young children to acquire language more easily. The higher-pitched voice and the exaggerated inflections tend to focus the small child on what the caretaker is saying, the simplified words and sentences make it easier for the small child to begin to comprehended, and the repetitions reinforce the child’s developing understanding. Then, as a child’s speech develops, caretakers tend to adjust their language in the response to the improved language skills, again quite unconsciously. Parents and older children regularly adjust their speed to a level that is slightly above that of a younger child; without studied recognition of what they are doing, these caretakers will speak in one way to a one-year-ago and in a progressively more complex way as the child reaches the age of two or three.
An important point to note is that the function covered by caretaker speech, that of assisting a child to acquire language in small and simple steps, is an unconsciously used but extremely important part of the process of language acquisition and as such is quite universal. It is not merely a device used by English-speaking parents. Studying cultures where children do not acquire language through caretaker speech is difficult because such cultures are not difficult to find. The question of why caretaker speech is universal is not clear understood; instead proponents on either side of the nature vs. nature debate argue over whether caretaker speech is a natural function or a learned one. Those who believe that caretaker speech is a natural and inherent function in humans believe that it is human nature for children to acquire language and for those around them to encourage their language acquisition naturally; the presence of a child is itself a natural stimulus that increases the rate of caretaker speech develops through nurturing rather than nature argue that a person who is attempting to communicate with a child will learn by trying out different ways of communicating to determine which is the most effective from the reactions to the communication attempts; apparent might, for example, learn to use speech with exaggerated inflections with a small child because the exaggerated inflections do a better job of attracting the child’s attention than do more subtle inflections.  Whether caretaker speech results from nature or nurture, it does play an important and universal role in child language acquisition.
The word reaches in par. 3 could best replaced by
A.Holds on to  
B.Takes charge of
C.Arrives at  
D.Extends out to

The Massachusetts Bay Colony was allowed to make coins __________ .
A. for a short time during one year. 
B.throughout the seventeenth century.
C.continuously from the inception of the colonies.
D.from 1652 until the Revolutionary War.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.

A.encounter
B.agency
C.influence
D.memory

Identify the one underlined word or phrase -A, B, C or D-that must be changed for the sentence to be correct. 
The population of (A) the world has been (B) increased (C) faster and faster.(D) 
A.of
B.has been
C.increase
D.faster and faster.

France is the most _____ country to visit. It has about 76 million visitors a year.
A.visiting                   
B.popular                   
C.expensive               
D.relaxing

According to paragraph 4, graduates should                    .
A.ask friends or relatives to secure them a good job
B.find out as much as possible and inform employers of the comparisons they want
C.get information about a number of careers before making comparisons
D.find a good position and then compare it with other careers

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
______ he arrived at the bus stop when the bus came.
A.Not until had
B.No longer had
C.Hardly had
D.No sooner had

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer in each of the following questions.
I don't feel like               home; what about               out for a walk?
A.staying- going  
B.to stay- to go    
C.to stay- going   
D.staying - to go