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VI Fill in the blank with the correct form of the given word. 1. Many people don’t know about the ………………. of soil pollution. dangerous 2. The river is seriously ……………….by the factory’s waste. contaminate 3. High blood ……………….can be brought about by noise pollution. press 4. The water color can show us how ……………….the river is. pollute 5. A lot of ……………….fish are floating on the surface of the lake. die C. READING VII Read the passage. There are three main (1) ……………… of pollution: air pollution, water pollution and noise pollution. Air, which is the most important element of our environment for our (2) ……………………, can be polluted in many ways. Smoke in the air from mills, factories and industry (3) …………………… carbon, monoxide, carbon dioxide, and methane, which are all poisonous gases. This leads (4) …………………… health problems like asthma and lung diseases, and the thinning of the ozone layer, which (5) …………………… us from harmful UV ray. China, the USA, Russia, India, Mexico and Japan are the world leaders in air pollution (6) …………………… Water is also polluted by the discharge of commercial and industrial waste. Sewage in drinking water is another (7) …………………… of water pollution as it contains germs and viruses. The noise of vehicles, mills, and factories can be really unbearable. This kind of constant sound also (8) ……………… headaches, tension, (9) ……..………… stress and migraines. People living next to a building site where there is too much noise can become sick, as they can not sleep or relax. This is (10) …………………… noise pollution. Choose the best answer (A, B, C or D). 1. A. types B. kinds C. models D. both A & B 2. A. survival B. survive C. surviving D. survived 3. A. includes B. include C. contains D. contain 4. A. in B. into C. to D. from 5. A. prevents B. protects C. avoids D. hides 6. A. emissions B. emitted C. emission D. emitting 7. A. effect B. cause C. result D. consequence 8. A. causes B. leads to C. results in D. all are correct 9. A. brain B. mind C. head D. mental 10. A. told B. called C. said D. mentioned Answer the questions below. 1. What are the examples of health problems caused by air pollution? 2. Why is sewage in drinking water another cause of water pollution? 3. What does the writer says about the noise of vehicles, mills and factories? VIII Read the passage. Answer the questions below. Scientists have discovered that the ozone layer is getting thinner. Some predict that the sun’s rays will cause a sharp increase in deaths from skin cancer over the next fifty years. These harmful rays can also damage the eyes, create wrinkles, and cause other health problems. The stratosphere contains a form of oxygen called ozone. Ozone is a molecule composed of three oxygen atoms. The chemical formula of ozone is 03. Oxygen molecules make up about 21% of all gases in the Earth’s atmosphere. They consist of two atoms of oxygen and are labeled 02. Most ozone found in our atmosphere is formed by an interaction between oxygen molecules and ultraviolet radiation (UV) from the sun. When ultraviolet radiation hits an oxygen molecule, it may cause the molecule to break apart into single atoms of oxygen. These single atoms are very reactive, and a single oxygen atom can combine with a molecule of oxygen to form ozone. 1. What do people say about the rate of deaths from skin cancer in the future? 2. How many oxygen atoms are there in a molecule? 3. What elements participate in the formation process of ozone? 4. What happens when an oxygen molecule and an ultraviolet radiation hit each other?

IV Choose the best answer (A, B, C or D). 1. ………….. loss can be caused by noise pollution. A. sound B. hearing C. listening D. audio 2. Ships spill oil in oceans and rivers. This leads ………….. the death of many aquatic animals and plants. A. to B. in C. from D. at 3. Households pollute water sources by ………….. waste into ponds, lakes, and rivers. A. damaging B. dumping C. losing D. leading 4. This month’s electricity bill is too high ………….. the air conditioner is turned on all the time. A. since B. due to C. although D. because of 5. The government has come ………….. a solution to the water problems of the city. A. up to B. up with C. to with D. on to 6. All the aquatic plants and animals will die if the factory ………….. dumping poison into the lake. A. will keep B. to keep C. kept D. keeps 7. A lot of fish has died recently because of the ………….. water in this lake. A. contaminating B. contaminated C. contaminate D. contaminant 8. If the air was clean, we ………….. have to wear masks when going out. A. wouldn’ B. won’t C. would D. will 9. If I ………….. you, I ………….. water from that dirty tap. A. am - will drink B. am - won’t drink C. were - would drink D. were - wouldn’t drink 10. If he ………….. trash around his garden, the garden would look very nice now. A. will throw B. would throw C. didn’t throw D. doesn’t throw V Put the verbs into the correct forms. 1. If people (be) ………………. fully aware of the dangers of air pollution, they (damage) ………………. the atmosphere this way. 2. If I (be) ………………. you, I (turn) ………………. the volume down for him to sleep. 3. We (not be) ………………. able to drink that water if it is not refined. 4. If you (reduce) ………………. the number of bulbs in your house, you (pay) ………………. less money for the electricity bill next month. 5. If many animals and plants die, it (unbalance) ………………. our ecosystem.

A. PHONETICS I Find the word which has a different sound in the underlined part. 1. A. measure B. leather C. algea D. feather 2. A. treatment B. earplug C. hearing D. fear 3. A. poison B. visual C. measure D. pleasure 4. A. thermal B. litter C. permanent D. service 5. A. affect B. cholera C. pollutant D. radiation II Find the word which has a different stress pattern from the others. 1. A. repetitive B. electrical C. priority D. energetic 2. A. national B. physical C. arrival D. natural 3. A. medical B. national C. chemical D. informal 4. A. dramatic B. tornado C. historic D. injury 5. A. aquatic B. problematic C. influential D. degradable B. VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR III Below are the verbs to go with “pollution”. Put those words which have similar meanings into the 4 main groups as suggested below. cut prevent fight cause combat result in avoid control limit reduce lead to tackle minimize cause avoid limit control ……………………………....…………………. ...…………………....…………………....…… ……………....…………………....…………… …....…………………....…………………...... …………………....…………………..............

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