a,` ( - 21 ) . 47 + 21 . 147`
`= 21 . ( - 47 ) + 21 . 147`
`= 21 . [ ( - 47 ) + 147 ) ]`
`= 21 . 100`
`= 2100`
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`a, ( - 12 ) . ( - 5 ) . ( - 7 + 3 )`
`= 60 . ( - 4 )`
`= - 240`
`b, 4 . ( - 19 ) . 20 . ( - 1 )^20`
`= ( - 76 ) . 20 . 1`
`= ( - 1520 ) . 1`
`= - 1520`