Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 44 to 50.
SPORTS COMMENTARY
One of the most interesting and distinctive of all uses of language is commentary. An oral reporting of ongoing activity, commentary is used in such public arenas as political ceremonies, parades, funerals, fashion shows and cooking demonstrations. The most frequently occurring type of commentary may be that connected with sports and games. In sports there are two kinds of commentary, and both are often used for the same sporting event. “Play-by-play” commentary narrates the sports event, while “colour –adding” or “colour” commentary provides the audience with pre-event background, during-event interpretation, and post-event evaluation. Colour commentary is usually conversational in style and can be a dialogue with two or more commentators.
Play-by-play commentary is of interest to linguists because it is unlike other kinds of narrative, which are typically reported in past tense. Play-by-play commentary is reported in present tense. Some examples are “he takes the lead by four” and “she’s in position.” One linguist characterizes radio play-by-play commentary as “a monologue directed at an unknown, unseen mass audience who voluntarily choose to listen…and provide no feedback to the speaker.” It is these characteristics that make this kind of commentary unlike any other type of speech situation.
The chief feature of play-by-play commentary is a highly formulaic style of presentation. There is distinctive grammar not only in the use of the present tense but also in the omission of certain elements of sentence structure. For example “Smith in close” eliminates the verb, as some newspaper headlines do. Another example is inverted word order, as in “over at third is Johnson.” Play-by-play commentary is very fluent, keeping up with the pace of the action. The rate is steady and there is little silence. The structure of the commentary is cyclical, reflecting the way most games consist of recurring sequences of short activities---as in tennis and baseball---or a limited number of activity options---as in the various kinds of football. In racing, the structure is even simpler, with the commentator informing the listener of the varying order of the competitors in a “state of play” summary, which is crucial for listeners or viewers who have just tuned in.
Which of the following statement is true of colour commentary?
A.It narrates the action of the event in real time, using the present tense.
B.It is a monologue given to an audience that does not respond to the speaker.
C.It is steady and fluent because it must keep up with the action of the event.
D.It gives background on the event, and interprets and evaluates the event.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.
He was not able to define the process by which the body had protected by the immunologic system.
A. had protected     
B.to define        
C.by which     
D.was not

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSET in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
Within their home country, National Red Cross and Red Crescent societies assume the duties and responsibilities of a national relief cociety.
A.get off       
B.take on  
C.go about       
D.put in

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best way to complete each of the following questions.
Having been served lunch, ____________.
A.the problem was discussed by the members of the committee
B.a discussion of the problem was made by the committee
C. it was discussed by the committee members the problem
D.the committee members discussed the problem

All those who ate or handled sick chickens.
A.died from the virus
B.do not get sick from bird flu anymore
C.are still healthy
D.are put into doctors’ suspicion

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.

A.epidemic                
B.scenic                     
C.accelerate               
D.density

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Were _________ millions of dollars each year replenishing eroding beaches, the coastline would be changing even more rapidly.
A.the U.S Army Corps of Engineers not spending
B.the U.S Army Corps of Engineers not spend
C.the U.S Army Corps of Engineers does not spend
D.not spending the U.S Army Corps of Engineers

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
__________ invited, so we three won’t come to her wedding. If you are invited, you should go.
A.Not only I but also my parents are        
B.Both my parents and I are
C.Either my parents or I are not    
D.Neither my parents nor I am

A.citizen
B.character
C.arrival
D.similar

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 30 to 34.
        Successful students often do the followings while studying. First, they have an overview before reading. Next, they look for important information and pay greater attention to it (which often needs jumping forward or backward to process information). They also relate important points to one another. Also, they activate and use their prior knowledge. When they realize that their understanding is not good, they do not wait to change strategies. Last, they can monitor understanding and take action to correct or “fix up” mistakes in comprehension.
        Conversely, students with low academic achievement often demonstrate ineffective study skills. They tend to assume a passive role, in learning and rely on others (e.g., teachers, parents) to monitor their studying, for example, low-achieving students often do not monitor their understanding of content; they may not be aware of the purpose of studying; and they show little evidence of looking back, or employing “fix-up” strategies to fix understanding problems. Students who struggle with learning new information seem to be unaware that they must extent effort beyond simply reading the content to understand and remember it. Children with learning disabilities do not plan and judge the quality of their studying. Their studying may be disorganized. Students with learning problems face challenges with personal organization as well. They often have difficulty keeping track of materials and assignments, following directions, and completing work on time. Unlike good studiers who employ a variety of study skills in a flexible yet purposeful manner, low-achieving students use a restricted range of study skills. They cannot explain why good study strategies are important for learning; and they tend to use the same, often ineffective study approach for all learning tasks, ignoring task content, structure or difficulty.
(Source: Adapted from Study Skills: Managing Your Learning — NUI Galway
The word “prior” in the first paragraph is closest meaning to ______?
A.important 
B.earlier
C.forward
D.good