Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions. Aspirin's origins go back at least as early as 1758. In that year, Englishman Edward Stone noticed a distinctive bitter flavor in the bark of the willow tree. To Stone, this particular bark seemed to have much in common with "Peruvian Bark", which had been used medicinally since the 1640s to bring down fevers and to treat malaria. Stone decided to test the effectiveness of the willow bark. He obtained some, pulverized it into tiny pieces, and conducted experiments on its properties. His tests demonstrated that this pulverized willow bark was effective both in reducing high temperatures and in relieving aches and pains. In 1763, Stone presented his findings to the British Royal Society. Several decades later, further studies on the medicinal value of the willow bark were being conducted by two Italian scientists. These chemists, Brugnatelli and Fontana, determined that the active chemical that was responsible for the medicinal characteristics in the willow bark was the chemical salicin, which is the active ingredient of today's aspirin. The name "aspirin" is the trade name of the drug based on the chemical salicin, properly known as acetylsalicylic acid. The trade name "aspirin" was invented for the drug in the 1890s by the Bayer Drug Company in Germany. The first bottles of aspirin actually went on sale to the public just prior to the turn of the century, in 1899.
Câu 1: The Italian chemists mentioned in the passage most probably conducted their studies on willow bark
A. in the 1770s
B. in the 1780s
C. in the 1760s
D. in the 1750s
Câu 2: The word "properties" in the first paragraph could best be replaced by
A. characteristics
B. ownership
C. body
D. materials
Câu 3: The pronoun "it" in the first paragraph refers to
A. effectiveness
B. willow bark
C. malaria
D. the British Royal Society
Câu 4: It can be inferred from the passage that Peruvian Bark
A. was in use prior to aspirin.
B. was described to the British Royal Society by Stone.
C. caused fevers
D. was ineffective in treating malaria.
Câu 5: The expression "prior to" in the last sentence could best be replaced by
A. after
B. during
C. before
D. at
Câu 6: What is TRUE about Brugnatelli and Fontana?
A. They conducted studies on the willow bark.
B. They were medical doctors.
C. They were from Italy.
D. They added a chemical to the willow bark.
Câu 7: What did the willow bark look like after Stone prepared it for his experiments?
A. It was in large chunks.
B. It was a thick liquid.
C. It was in strips of bark.
D. It was a rough powder.
Câu 8: According to the passage, aspirin originated
A. no earlier than 1758.
B. no later than 1758.
C. definitely sometime in 1758.
D. sometime after 1758.
1800.6947
A.
B.
C.
D.
Câu 1: The Italian chemists mentioned in the passage most probably conducted their studies on willow bark
A. in the 1770s
B. in the 1780s
C. in the 1760s
D. in the 1750s
Câu 2: The word "properties" in the first paragraph could best be replaced by
A. characteristics
B. ownership
C. body
D. materials
Câu 3: The pronoun "it" in the first paragraph refers to
A. effectiveness
B. willow bark
C. malaria
D. the British Royal Society
Câu 4: It can be inferred from the passage that Peruvian Bark
A. was in use prior to aspirin.
B. was described to the British Royal Society by Stone.
C. caused fevers
D. was ineffective in treating malaria.
Câu 5: The expression "prior to" in the last sentence could best be replaced by
A. after
B. during
C. before
D. at
Câu 6: What is TRUE about Brugnatelli and Fontana?
A. They conducted studies on the willow bark.
B. They were medical doctors.
C. They were from Italy.
D. They added a chemical to the willow bark.
Câu 7: What did the willow bark look like after Stone prepared it for his experiments?
A. It was in large chunks.
B. It was a thick liquid.
C. It was in strips of bark.
D. It was a rough powder.
Câu 8: According to the passage, aspirin originated
A. no earlier than 1758.
B. no later than 1758.
C. definitely sometime in 1758.
D. sometime after 1758.
1800.6947
A.
B.
C.
D.
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