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Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 1 to 4. ║CAN A TYPE OF FARMING AFFECT HUMAN? The adage ‘You are what you eat might also apply to what you farm. A study involving Chinese students uncovered striking cognitive differences between those who live in rice-growing provinces and those who reside in areas producing wheat, with the former leaning towards collectivist thinking and the latter being more individualistic. While researchers stop short of concluding that different types of farming regions alone determine behavior, rather than a range of sociological factors, the study gives the US some insight into how an agricultural region shapes a person’s character. The indicators seem to lie in the way crop maintenance shapes human behavior. For the rice farmers of southern China, successful production relies on interdependence. They are more or less forced to work together to maintain the complex system of planting, irrigating, and harvesting rice, so there exists a large network of labor exchanges, in which farmers travel from one plantation to another, helping out where needed. Their cooperation strengthens their sociable traits, which are then passed down to their children. In contrast, wheat production can be carried out almost entirely without the help of another farmer, reducing the need for them to interact with their peers. The researchers carrying out the study conducted tests on college students in both rice- and wheat-growing regions to identify any differences in how they think and view themselves. In one test, subjects were asked to do a word association task. Given the words ‘train’, ‘bus' and ‘track’, those from rice-growing regions most often paired ‘train’ and ‘track’ together, placing focus on the necessity of relationships between things. Those from wheat-growing areas chose ‘train’ and ‘bus’, a more analytical choice involving abstract categorization. Another test involved drawing circles to represent the individual and their network of friends. Students from rice provinces often represented their friends by larger circles than their own, whereas their counterparts drew their representative circles 1.5 millimeters greater on average than the circles for their friends. Naturally, the researchers investigated other factors that might explain these behavioral differences, such as socioeconomic or cultural differences within China. Only the differences in crop regions, at least in preliminary findings, seemed to account for differences in behavior. The heads of the study do stress that while the findings are intriguing, the participant pool must be expanded to include actual farmers from those regions. 1, What is the main purpose of the passage? A. to explain how food affects people B. to profile types of individuals c. to compare farming techniques D. to contrast two differing lifestyles 2, Which factor accounts for rice farmer's interdependence? A. regional challenges B. competition from wheat farmers C. labor requirements D. their inherent nature 3, In paragraph 3, the counterparts are __________________. A. wheat farmers. B. friends of study participants. C. other study participants. D. the circle drawings. 4, Which statement is correct regarding the researcher's beliefs about the study? A. They are not quite satisfied with the results. B. They feel certain of farming's effects on behavior. C. They believe the findings cannot be correct. D. They wish they'd studied a range of factors.

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