1.Câu trực tiếp ở dạng câu kể/tường thuật:
Câu gián tiếp:
S + said
said to sb that +Clause
told sb
VD:
“I’m going to visit Japan next month”, she said.
→ She said that she was going to visit Japan the following month.
“He picked me up yesterday”, Lan said to me.
→ Lan said to me that he had picked her up the day before.
2.Câu trực tiếp ở dạng câu hỏi
Câu hỏi Yes/No question
Câu hỏi Yes/No question là câu hỏi mà người nghe sẽ phải lựa chọn trả lời Yes/No cho mỗi câu hỏi.
Câu gián tiếp:
S + asked
asked sb if whether + Clause
wondered
wanted to know
VD:
“Do you love English?”, the teacher asked.
→ The teacher asked me if/whether I loved English.
“Have you done your homeworked yet?”, they asked.
→ They asked me if/whether I had done my homework yet.
Lưu ý: Nếu trong câu trực tiếp có từ “OR NOT” thì câu gián tiếp bắt buộc phải dùng WHETHER
“Does she like roses or not?”, he wondered. → He wondered whether she liked roses or not.
Câu hỏi Wh-questions
Câu hỏi Wh-questions là câu hỏi bắt đầu bằng từ hỏi Wh- (What, Where, When, Which, Why, How…)
Câu gián tiếp:
S + asked
asked sb + Clause (Wh-word + S + V(thì))
wondered
wanted to know
(Lưu ý: Không đảo ngữ trong vế này)
VD:
“Where do you live, Nam?”, asked she. → She asked Nam where he lived.
3. Câu trực tiếp ở dạng câu mệnh lệnh (Vinf/ Don’t + Vinf, please)
Câu gián tiếp:
S + asked/told/ordered/advised/wanted/warned + sb + (not) to Vinf
VD:
“Open the book page 117, please”,the teacher said. → The teacher asked us to open the book page 117.
“Don’t touch that dog”, he said. → He asked/told me not to touch that dog.