Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
The Moon has been worshipped by primitive peoples and has inspired humans to create everything from lunar calendars to love sonnets, but what do we really know about it? The most accepted theory about the origin of the Moon is that it was formed of the debris from a massive collision with the young Earth about 4.6 billion years ago. A huge body, perhaps the size of Mars, struck the Earth, throwing out an immense amount of debris that coalesced and cooled; in orbit around the Earth.
The development of the Earth is inextricably linked to the Moon; the Moon’s gravitational influence upon the Earth is the primary cause of ocean tides. In fact, the Moon has more than twice the effect upon the tides than the Sun does. The Moon makes one rotation and completes a revolution around the Earth every 27 days 7 hours and 43 minutes. This synchronous rotation is caused by an uneven distribution of mass in the Moon (essentially, it is heavier on one side than the other) and has allowed the Earth’s gravity to keep one side of the Moon permanently facing the Earth. It is an average distance from the Earth of 384,403 km.
The Moon has no atmosphere; without an atmosphere, the Moon has nothing to protect it from meteorite impacts, and thus the surface of the Moon is covered with impact craters, both large and small. The Moon also has no active tectonic or volcanic activity, so the erosive effects of atmospheric weathering, tectonic shifts, and volcanic upheavals that tend to erase and reform the Earth’s surface features are not at work on the Moon. In fact, even tiny surface features such as the footprint left by an astronaut in the lunar soil are likely to last for millions of years, unless obliterated by a chance of meteorite' strike. The surface gravity of the Moon is about one-sixth of that of the Earth’s. Therefore, a man weighing 82 kilograms on Earth would only weigh 14 kilograms on the Moon.
The geographical features of the Earth most like those of the Moon are, in fact, places such as the Hawaiian volcanic craters and the huge meteor crater in Arizona. The climate of the Moon is very unlike either Hawaii or Arizona; however, in fact the temperature on the Moon ranges between 123 degrees centigrade to -233 degree centigrade.
Notes:
- debris (danh từ) = mảnh vỡ, mảnh vụn.
- uneven (tính từ) = không đều, không đồng nhất.
- tectonic (tính từ) = (địa lí, địa chất) kiến tạo.
- upheaval (danh từ) = sự chấn động.
- obliterate (dộng từ) = xoá, tẩy, xoá sạch.
- crater (danh từ) = miệng núi lừa, hố (bom...).
0Câu 1
What is the passage primarily about?
A. What we know about the Moon and its differences to the Earth.
B.The Moon’s effect upon the Earth.
C. A comparison of the Moon and the Earth.
D. The origin of the Moon.
Câu 2
Which of the following is the word “massive” closest in meaning to?
A. dense
B.impressive
C. unavoidable
D. huge
Câu 3
Which of the following is the word “debris” closest in meaning to?
A. small moons
B.natural satellites
C. earth
D. broken pieces
Câu 4
According to the passage, which of the following is true about the Moon?
A. It is older than the Earth.
B.It is composed of a few active volcanoes.
C. It is the primary cause of the Earth’s ocean tides.
D. It is protected by a dense atmosphere.
Câu 5
Which of the following is the word “uneven” closest in meaning to?
A. not uniform
B.heavier
C. equally distributed
D. orderly
Câu 6
Why docs the author mention “impact craters” in paragraph 3?
A. To explain the corrosive effects of atmospheric weathering.
B.To show the result of the Moon not having active tectonic or volcanic activity.
C. To show the result of the Moon not having an atmosphere.
D. To explain why the Moon has no plant life because of meteorites.
Câu 7
Which of the following can best replace the word “erase” in paragraph 3?
A. obliterate
B. erupt
C. change
D. impact
Câu 8
Why would a person on the Moon weigh less than on the Earth?
A. Because the surface gravity of the Moon is less.
B.Because the Moon has no atmosphere.
C. Because the Moon has no active tectonic or volcanic activity.
D. Because of the composition of lunar soil.
Câu 9
Which of the following is NOT true about the Moon?
A. It has less effect upon the tides than the Sun.
B.It is heavier on one side than the other.
C. It has a wide range of temperatures.
D. It is unable to protect itself from meteorite attacks.
Câu 10
Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A. People living in Hawaii and Arizona would feel at home on the Moon.
B.mars could have been formed in a similar way to the Moon.
C. The Moon is not able to support human life.
D. If the Moon had no gravitational influence, the Earth would not have tides
A.
B.
C.
D.
Loga
Hóa Học lớp 12
