The word “they” in the last sentence of the passage can best be replaced by ______.
 
A.the government
B.major cities
C.Americans
D.neighbours

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions
Since water is the basis of life, composing the greater part of the tissues of all living things, the crucial problem of  desert animals is to survive in a world where sources of flowing water are rare. And since man’s inexorable necessity is to absorb large quantities of water at frequent intervals, he can scarcely comprehend that many creatures of the desert pass their entire lives without a single drop.
Uncompromising as it is, the desert has not eliminated life but only those forms unable to withstand its desiccating effects. No moist- skinned, water-loving animals can exist there. Few large animals are found. The giants of the North American desert are the deer, the coyote, and the bobcat. Since desert country is open, it holds more swift-footed running and leaping creatures than the tangled forest. Its population is largely nocturnal, silent, filled with reticence, and ruled by stealth. Yet they are not emaciated.
Having adapted to their austere environment, they are as healthy as animals anywhere else in the word. The secret of their adjustment lies in the combination of behavior and physiology. None could survive if, like mad dogs and Englishmen, they went out in the midday sun; many would die in a matter of minutes.  So most of them pass the burning hours asleep in cool, humid burrows underneath the ground,  emerging to hunt only by night. The surface  of  the  sun-baked  desert  averages  around  150  degrees,  but  18  inches  down  the temperature is only 60 degrees.
The title for this passage could be 
A.“Man’s Life in a Desert Environment”
B.“Desert Plants”
C.“Animal Life in a Desert Environment”
D.“Life Underground”

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.

A.toll
B.roll
C.doll
D.hole

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions from 1 to 14.
The first week of classes at university was a little ______because so many students get lost, change classes or go to the wrong place.
A.disarranged
B.chaotic
C.uncontrolled
D.famous

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best completes each of the following exchanges from 47 to 48.
Kien: "Do you feel like going out for a drink this evening?"  
Trung: “______”
A.That would be great.
B.No, I don't. I am busy.
C.Yes. I like very much.
D.Thank you very much for your kind invitation.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 39 to 46.
            Because writing has become so important in our culture, we sometimes think of it as more real than speech. A little thought, however, will show why speech is primary and writing secondary to language. Human beings have been writing (as far as we can tell from surviving evidence) for at least 5000 years; but they have been talking for much longer, doubtless ever since there have been human beings.
            When writing did develop, it was derived from and represented speech, although imperfectly. Even today there are spoken languages that have no written form. Furthermore, we all learn to talk well before we learn to write; any human child who is not severely handicapped physically or mentally will learn to talk: a normal human being cannot be prevented from doing so. On the other hand, it takes a special effort to learn to write. In the past many intelligent and useful members of society did not acquire the skill, and even today many who speak languages with writing systems never learn to read or write, while some who learn the rudiments of those skills do so only imperfectly.
            To affirm the primacy of speech over writing is not, however, to disparage the latter. One advantage writing has over speech is that it is more permanent and makes possible the records that any civilization must have. Thus, if speaking makes us human, writing makes us civilized.
Normal human beings ______.
A.learn to talk after learning to write
B.learn to talk before learning to write        
C.learn to write and to talk at the same time
D. learn to write before learning to talk

Choose the word or phrase A, B, C, or D that best completes the sentence or substitutes for the underlined word or phrase.
What exactly is the influence of air pollution ...... human beings?
A.to        
B.with           
C.on                      
D.for

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions.

A.supportive              
B.domestic                 
C.chemical                 
D.endanger

What was Darwin’s contribution to ethology?
A.Darwin was the first person to apply ethological theory to children.
B.Darwin’s work provided the basis for ethology.
C.Darwin was the professor who taught Lorenz and Tinbergen.
D.Darwin improved on the original principles of ethology.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
Her thoughtless comments made him very angry.
A.honest
B.kind
C.pleasant
D.thoughtful