Cau 1 : He van dong o con nguoi gom co 2 phan : phan thu dong gom bo xuong va he lien ket cac xuong [ khop xuong ] , phan van dong gom co he co , hoat dong phu thuoc hoan toan vao he than kinh . Xuong gom 206 chiec , dai ngan khac nhau , hop lai tao thanh bo xuong nang do cho co the , che cho cho cac noi quan khoi nhung chan thuong li hoc . He co gom khoang 600 co tao thanh . La nhung co van [ hay co xuong ] bam vao 2 dau xuong giup cho co the cu dong . Nho he van dong ma co the ta co hinh dang nhat dinh , thwe hien duoc nhung dong tac lao dong , bieu lo duoc nhung cam xuc cua minh . Trai qua thoi ki dai tien hoa , he van dong nguoi duoc coi la tien hoa nhat trong sinh gioi noi chung va gioi Dong Vat noi rieng .
Cau 2 :
1 , cau tao
a, cau tao ngoai
la khoi co hinh chop co day o tren dinh o duoi , nam trong nong nguc giua 2 la phoi , hoi lech ve ben trai . Tim duoc bao boc xoang tim bao ve tranh tac dong den tim . Dong mach tim co he mach vanh tinh dan mau di nuoi tim
b, cau tao trong
-Tim cau tao boi co tim : co tim co cau tao boi mo lien ket co kha nang dan hoi lon
-Tim co vach ngan lam hai nua rieng biet
-Nua trai chua mau do tuoi
-Nua phai chua mau do tham
Moi nua co tam nhi o tren , tam that o duoi
- Giua tam nhi thong voi tam that giua cac van nhi that . Tu tam that thong voi cac mach chu va dong mach phoi bang cach cac van ban nguyet . Cac van tim nay deu la mot van chieu tu tam nhi xuong tam that vao dong mach chu , chu khong chay nguoc lai .
- Thanh co tim co do day mong . Khac nhau o co tim . Thanh tam that day hon tam nhi
-Co tim co cac hach than kinh dieu khien cac hoat dong nhip nhang
2, hoat dong cua tim
- Moi chu ki keo dai 0,8s ma chia lam 3 pha
- Pha co tam nhi 0,1s
- Pha co tam that 0,3s
- Pha dan chung 0,4s