Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
These stories of killer bees in the news in recent years have attracted a lot of attention as the bees have made their way from South America to North America. Killer bees are reputed to be extremely aggressive in nature, although experts say that their aggression may have been somewhat inflated.
The killer bee is a hybrid- or combination- of the very mild European strain of honeybee and the considerably more aggressive African bee, which was created when the African strain was imported into Brazil in 1955. The African bees were brought into Brazil because their aggression was considered an advantage: they were far more productive than their European counterparts in that they spent a higher percentage of their time working and continued working longer in inclement weather than did the European bees.
These killer bees have been known to attack humans and animals, and some fatalities have occurred. Experts point out, however, that the mixed breed known as the killer bee is actually not at all as aggressive as the pure African bee. They also point out that the attacks have a chemical cause. A killer bee stings only when it has been disturbed; it is not aggressive by nature. However, after a disturbed bee stings and flies away; it leaves its stinger embedded in the victim. In the viscera attached to the embedded stinger is the chemical isoamyl acetate, which has an odor that attracts other bees. As other bees approach the victim of the original sting, the victim tends to panic, thus disturbing other bees and causing them to sting. The new stings create more of the chemical isoamylacetate which attracts more bees and increases the panic level of the victim. Killer bees tend to travel in large clusters or swarms and thus respond in large numbers to the production of isoamyl acetate.
The subject of the preceding paragraph was most likely
A.stories in the media about killer bees.
B.ways of producing honey.
C.the creation of the killer bee.
D.the chemical nature of killer bee attacks.

Read the following passage and then choose the most suitable word or phrase for each space from 3 to 7.
Education is now generally regarded as a basic human right. In most countries, children from 5-11 receive (3)______ primary school education, and in others, they also receive secondary education during their adolescence. However, there are some children who are entitled to go to school but whose parents prefer to homeschool them. In some countries this is a growing (4) _____. In this essay I will explore the reasons for this development and the advantages of both approaches.
First of all, in mainstream education, pupils not only gain knowledge in a range of academic subjects, but they also learn valuable social (5)_____ such as cooperation and team work, which can be used in their adult life. Secondly, staff have acquired qualifications which means they can use effective teaching methods. They can also set benchmarks; in other words, they know exactly what children at different ages should be able to (6) _____.
Homeschooling, on the other hand, can allow a child to receive individual attention, develop at their own page and also concentrate more as they will not have to deal with disruptive fellow students. Another point in favour of home schooling is that more lessons may involve e-learning and the use of (7)_______media.
Continuous innovation in education is providing students with many learning options. If an option helps students to be motivated, it should not be ruled out.
(5)____
A.skills
B.manners
C.qualities
D.abilities

Read the following passage and then choose the most suitable word or phrase for each space from 3 to 7.
Education is now generally regarded as a basic human right. In most countries, children from 5-11 receive (3)______ primary school education, and in others, they also receive secondary education during their adolescence. However, there are some children who are entitled to go to school but whose parents prefer to homeschool them. In some countries this is a growing (4) _____. In this essay I will explore the reasons for this development and the advantages of both approaches.
First of all, in mainstream education, pupils not only gain knowledge in a range of academic subjects, but they also learn valuable social (5)_____ such as cooperation and team work, which can be used in their adult life. Secondly, staff have acquired qualifications which means they can use effective teaching methods. They can also set benchmarks; in other words, they know exactly what children at different ages should be able to (6) _____.
Homeschooling, on the other hand, can allow a child to receive individual attention, develop at their own page and also concentrate more as they will not have to deal with disruptive fellow students. Another point in favour of home schooling is that more lessons may involve e-learning and the use of (7)_______media.
Continuous innovation in education is providing students with many learning options. If an option helps students to be motivated, it should not be ruled out.
(3)______
A.compulsory
B.required
C.legal
D.urgent

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word or phrase that is CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions
If you text message when you are driving, you’re being criminally negligent.
A.careful
B.lacking attention to duty
C.thinking deeply
D.failing to perform

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the most suitable response to each of the following exchanges
“Do you want me to help you with those suitcases?” “_______.”
A.Of course, not for me
B.No. I can’t help you now.
C.No, those aren’t mine
D.No, I can manage them myself.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word or phrase that is CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions
He was asked to account for his presence at the scene of crime
A.complain
B.exchange
C.explain
D.arrange

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions .
In the mid-nineteenth century, the United States had tremendous natural resources that could be exploited in order to develop heavy industry. Most of the raw materials that are valuable in the manufacture of machinery, transportation facilities, and consumer goods lay ready to be worked into wealth. Iron, coal, and oil - the basic ingredients of industrial growth - were plentiful and needed only the application of technical expertise, organizational skill, and labor.
One crucial development in this movement toward industrialization was the growth of the railroads. The railway network expanded rapidly until the railroad map of the United States looked like a spider's web, with the steel filaments connecting all important sources of raw materials, their places of manufacture, and their centers of distribution.
The railroads contributed to the industrial growth not only by connecting these major centers, but also by themselves consuming enormous amounts of fuel, iron, and coal. Many factors influenced emerging modes of production. For example, machine tools, the tools used to make goods, were steadily improved in the latter part of the nineteenth century - always with an eye to speedier production and lower unit costs.
The products of the factories were rapidly absorbed by the growing cities that sheltered the workers and the distributors. The increased urban population was nourished by the increased farm production that, in turn, was made more productive by the use of the new farm machinery. American agricultural production kept up with the urban demand and still had surpluses for sale to the industrial centers of Europe.
The labor that ran the factories and built the railways was recruited in part from American farm areas where people were being displaced by farm machinery, in part from Asia, and in part from Europe. Europe now began to send tides of immigrants from eastern and southern Europe - most of whom were originally poor farmers but who settled in American industrial cities. The money to finance this tremendous expansion of the American economy still came from European financiers for the most part, but the Americans were approaching the day when their expansion could be financed in their own “money market”.
According to the passage, who were the biggest consumers of manufactured products?
A.Railway workers
B.Farmers
C.City dwellers
D.Europeans

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions .
In the mid-nineteenth century, the United States had tremendous natural resources that could be exploited in order to develop heavy industry. Most of the raw materials that are valuable in the manufacture of machinery, transportation facilities, and consumer goods lay ready to be worked into wealth. Iron, coal, and oil - the basic ingredients of industrial growth - were plentiful and needed only the application of technical expertise, organizational skill, and labor.
One crucial development in this movement toward industrialization was the growth of the railroads. The railway network expanded rapidly until the railroad map of the United States looked like a spider's web, with the steel filaments connecting all important sources of raw materials, their places of manufacture, and their centers of distribution.
The railroads contributed to the industrial growth not only by connecting these major centers, but also by themselves consuming enormous amounts of fuel, iron, and coal. Many factors influenced emerging modes of production. For example, machine tools, the tools used to make goods, were steadily improved in the latter part of the nineteenth century - always with an eye to speedier production and lower unit costs.
The products of the factories were rapidly absorbed by the growing cities that sheltered the workers and the distributors. The increased urban population was nourished by the increased farm production that, in turn, was made more productive by the use of the new farm machinery. American agricultural production kept up with the urban demand and still had surpluses for sale to the industrial centers of Europe.
The labor that ran the factories and built the railways was recruited in part from American farm areas where people were being displaced by farm machinery, in part from Asia, and in part from Europe. Europe now began to send tides of immigrants from eastern and southern Europe - most of whom were originally poor farmers but who settled in American industrial cities. The money to finance this tremendous expansion of the American economy still came from European financiers for the most part, but the Americans were approaching the day when their expansion could be financed in their own “money market”.
The word “ran” in paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to ______.
A.operated
B.hurried
C.constructed
D.owned

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions .
In the mid-nineteenth century, the United States had tremendous natural resources that could be exploited in order to develop heavy industry. Most of the raw materials that are valuable in the manufacture of machinery, transportation facilities, and consumer goods lay ready to be worked into wealth. Iron, coal, and oil - the basic ingredients of industrial growth - were plentiful and needed only the application of technical expertise, organizational skill, and labor.
One crucial development in this movement toward industrialization was the growth of the railroads. The railway network expanded rapidly until the railroad map of the United States looked like a spider's web, with the steel filaments connecting all important sources of raw materials, their places of manufacture, and their centers of distribution.
The railroads contributed to the industrial growth not only by connecting these major centers, but also by themselves consuming enormous amounts of fuel, iron, and coal. Many factors influenced emerging modes of production. For example, machine tools, the tools used to make goods, were steadily improved in the latter part of the nineteenth century - always with an eye to speedier production and lower unit costs.
The products of the factories were rapidly absorbed by the growing cities that sheltered the workers and the distributors. The increased urban population was nourished by the increased farm production that, in turn, was made more productive by the use of the new farm machinery. American agricultural production kept up with the urban demand and still had surpluses for sale to the industrial centers of Europe.
The labor that ran the factories and built the railways was recruited in part from American farm areas where people were being displaced by farm machinery, in part from Asia, and in part from Europe. Europe now began to send tides of immigrants from eastern and southern Europe - most of whom were originally poor farmers but who settled in American industrial cities. The money to finance this tremendous expansion of the American economy still came from European financiers for the most part, but the Americans were approaching the day when their expansion could be financed in their own “money market”.
What does the passage mainly discuss?
A.The history of railroads in the United States
B.The major United States industrial centers
C.The role of agriculture in the nineteenth century
D.Factors that affected industrialization in the United States

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions .
In the mid-nineteenth century, the United States had tremendous natural resources that could be exploited in order to develop heavy industry. Most of the raw materials that are valuable in the manufacture of machinery, transportation facilities, and consumer goods lay ready to be worked into wealth. Iron, coal, and oil - the basic ingredients of industrial growth - were plentiful and needed only the application of technical expertise, organizational skill, and labor.
One crucial development in this movement toward industrialization was the growth of the railroads. The railway network expanded rapidly until the railroad map of the United States looked like a spider's web, with the steel filaments connecting all important sources of raw materials, their places of manufacture, and their centers of distribution.
The railroads contributed to the industrial growth not only by connecting these major centers, but also by themselves consuming enormous amounts of fuel, iron, and coal. Many factors influenced emerging modes of production. For example, machine tools, the tools used to make goods, were steadily improved in the latter part of the nineteenth century - always with an eye to speedier production and lower unit costs.
The products of the factories were rapidly absorbed by the growing cities that sheltered the workers and the distributors. The increased urban population was nourished by the increased farm production that, in turn, was made more productive by the use of the new farm machinery. American agricultural production kept up with the urban demand and still had surpluses for sale to the industrial centers of Europe.
The labor that ran the factories and built the railways was recruited in part from American farm areas where people were being displaced by farm machinery, in part from Asia, and in part from Europe. Europe now began to send tides of immigrants from eastern and southern Europe - most of whom were originally poor farmers but who settled in American industrial cities. The money to finance this tremendous expansion of the American economy still came from European financiers for the most part, but the Americans were approaching the day when their expansion could be financed in their own “money market”.
Which of the following is NOT true of United States farmers in the nineteenth century?
A.They lost some jobs because of mechanization
B.They were unable to produce sufficient food for urban areas.
C.They raised their productivity by using new machinery.
D.They sold food to European countries