Mark the letter A,B,C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word or phrase that is CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
After several days underground after the earthquake one child was pulled out alive.
A.still talking
B.still seeing
C.still living
D.still trying

Mark the letter A,B,C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word or phrase that is CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
What I really have in mind is a garden where there is very little to look after throughout the year.
A.think
B.believe
C.visualize
D.consider

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
Stone statues and buildings that have stood in place for long periods of time have endured years of wind and weather, the effects of which are clearly visible in their outward appearances. Corners lose their sharp angles and features seem to crumble away. The natural process that breaks down rocks and stone is called chemical weathering. In the natural course of things, this type of disintegration is to be expected. When human use of fossil fuels is introduced into this equation, however, the process of chemical weathering is significantly affected.
In nature, water and acids act as primary agents in chemical weathering. Water, whether in the form of rivers or precipitation, plays a major part in the erosion of rocks and stone formations as they are weathered. "Dissolution" is the term scientists use for the process through which minerals are dissolved in water. For example, sodium chloride, or salt, quickly dissipates in water. However, most minerals will not dissolve in pure water alone. They must have at least one other substance present in order to initiate decomposition. When even a small amount of acid is added to water, its corrosive power is magnified. Acid can be produced by natural means such as when organisms decay and release organic acids back into the soil. Sulfide minerals such as pyrite release sulfuric acid into the atmosphere as they decay. These acids are absorbed into water and cause corrosion in many rocks. Additionally, when carbon dioxide from the atmosphere dissolves into raindrops, carbonic acid is created. As rain and snow fall on stone over time, they wear down the layers of sediment that make up the rock. Yet while many of these acidic reactions are to be expected in nature, the introduction of man-made byproducts has disrupted this natural cycle by hastening it along.
Man's use of fossil fuels in factories, power plants, and vehicles has greatly increased the amount of carbon dioxide, sulfur, and nitrous oxides in the atmosphere. This has led to an excessive amount of acid being produced and absorbed by different forms of water in the atmosphere, Scientists point to acid precipitation, rain with abnormally high levels of acid, as the culprit for the premature corrosion of stone statues and buildings. Whereas the natural chemical weathering process caused by the carbonic acid in rain would wear away rocks slowly over time, now the rocks decay at a more rapid pace. The acids that are not absorbed into rain or snow are often absorbed into the ground, seeping into ground water and affecting rocks and stones in river beds and lakes.
The process of decay and corrosion that rocks and stone structures undergo is a natural one that should take place over many years. Rainfall over time causes erosion and changes in the rock. Humans, however, have brought about changes in this process, increasing the speed at which stones are weathered by releasing more acid-producing compounds into the atmosphere. The effect is that buildings and monuments of stone that have stood for generations are experiencing swift decay.
The author implies in paragraph 3 that
A.at this rate, future buildings will need stronger building materials.
B.man cannot do anything to prevent acid rain from weathering rock.
C.most of the acid in acid rain is absorbed into the groundwater.
D.man has permanently disrupted one of nature's balanced cycles.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
Stone statues and buildings that have stood in place for long periods of time have endured years of wind and weather, the effects of which are clearly visible in their outward appearances. Corners lose their sharp angles and features seem to crumble away. The natural process that breaks down rocks and stone is called chemical weathering. In the natural course of things, this type of disintegration is to be expected. When human use of fossil fuels is introduced into this equation, however, the process of chemical weathering is significantly affected.
In nature, water and acids act as primary agents in chemical weathering. Water, whether in the form of rivers or precipitation, plays a major part in the erosion of rocks and stone formations as they are weathered. "Dissolution" is the term scientists use for the process through which minerals are dissolved in water. For example, sodium chloride, or salt, quickly dissipates in water. However, most minerals will not dissolve in pure water alone. They must have at least one other substance present in order to initiate decomposition. When even a small amount of acid is added to water, its corrosive power is magnified. Acid can be produced by natural means such as when organisms decay and release organic acids back into the soil. Sulfide minerals such as pyrite release sulfuric acid into the atmosphere as they decay. These acids are absorbed into water and cause corrosion in many rocks. Additionally, when carbon dioxide from the atmosphere dissolves into raindrops, carbonic acid is created. As rain and snow fall on stone over time, they wear down the layers of sediment that make up the rock. Yet while many of these acidic reactions are to be expected in nature, the introduction of man-made byproducts has disrupted this natural cycle by hastening it along.
Man's use of fossil fuels in factories, power plants, and vehicles has greatly increased the amount of carbon dioxide, sulfur, and nitrous oxides in the atmosphere. This has led to an excessive amount of acid being produced and absorbed by different forms of water in the atmosphere, Scientists point to acid precipitation, rain with abnormally high levels of acid, as the culprit for the premature corrosion of stone statues and buildings. Whereas the natural chemical weathering process caused by the carbonic acid in rain would wear away rocks slowly over time, now the rocks decay at a more rapid pace. The acids that are not absorbed into rain or snow are often absorbed into the ground, seeping into ground water and affecting rocks and stones in river beds and lakes.
The process of decay and corrosion that rocks and stone structures undergo is a natural one that should take place over many years. Rainfall over time causes erosion and changes in the rock. Humans, however, have brought about changes in this process, increasing the speed at which stones are weathered by releasing more acid-producing compounds into the atmosphere. The effect is that buildings and monuments of stone that have stood for generations are experiencing swift decay.
The author uses factories and vehicles as examples of
A.the largest producers of acid rain
B.contributors to the production of acid rain
C.items that are corroded by chemicals over time
D.man-made byproducts that have disrupted nature

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
Stone statues and buildings that have stood in place for long periods of time have endured years of wind and weather, the effects of which are clearly visible in their outward appearances. Corners lose their sharp angles and features seem to crumble away. The natural process that breaks down rocks and stone is called chemical weathering. In the natural course of things, this type of disintegration is to be expected. When human use of fossil fuels is introduced into this equation, however, the process of chemical weathering is significantly affected.
In nature, water and acids act as primary agents in chemical weathering. Water, whether in the form of rivers or precipitation, plays a major part in the erosion of rocks and stone formations as they are weathered. "Dissolution" is the term scientists use for the process through which minerals are dissolved in water. For example, sodium chloride, or salt, quickly dissipates in water. However, most minerals will not dissolve in pure water alone. They must have at least one other substance present in order to initiate decomposition. When even a small amount of acid is added to water, its corrosive power is magnified. Acid can be produced by natural means such as when organisms decay and release organic acids back into the soil. Sulfide minerals such as pyrite release sulfuric acid into the atmosphere as they decay. These acids are absorbed into water and cause corrosion in many rocks. Additionally, when carbon dioxide from the atmosphere dissolves into raindrops, carbonic acid is created. As rain and snow fall on stone over time, they wear down the layers of sediment that make up the rock. Yet while many of these acidic reactions are to be expected in nature, the introduction of man-made byproducts has disrupted this natural cycle by hastening it along.
Man's use of fossil fuels in factories, power plants, and vehicles has greatly increased the amount of carbon dioxide, sulfur, and nitrous oxides in the atmosphere. This has led to an excessive amount of acid being produced and absorbed by different forms of water in the atmosphere, Scientists point to acid precipitation, rain with abnormally high levels of acid, as the culprit for the premature corrosion of stone statues and buildings. Whereas the natural chemical weathering process caused by the carbonic acid in rain would wear away rocks slowly over time, now the rocks decay at a more rapid pace. The acids that are not absorbed into rain or snow are often absorbed into the ground, seeping into ground water and affecting rocks and stones in river beds and lakes.
The process of decay and corrosion that rocks and stone structures undergo is a natural one that should take place over many years. Rainfall over time causes erosion and changes in the rock. Humans, however, have brought about changes in this process, increasing the speed at which stones are weathered by releasing more acid-producing compounds into the atmosphere. The effect is that buildings and monuments of stone that have stood for generations are experiencing swift decay.
Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 2 about acid?
A.Most acids in the atmosphere result from man-made byproducts.
B.Even unpolluted rain may contain acid.
C.Carbonic acid is the most common acid found in the atmosphere.
D.Natural acids seriously damage the environment.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
Stone statues and buildings that have stood in place for long periods of time have endured years of wind and weather, the effects of which are clearly visible in their outward appearances. Corners lose their sharp angles and features seem to crumble away. The natural process that breaks down rocks and stone is called chemical weathering. In the natural course of things, this type of disintegration is to be expected. When human use of fossil fuels is introduced into this equation, however, the process of chemical weathering is significantly affected.
In nature, water and acids act as primary agents in chemical weathering. Water, whether in the form of rivers or precipitation, plays a major part in the erosion of rocks and stone formations as they are weathered. "Dissolution" is the term scientists use for the process through which minerals are dissolved in water. For example, sodium chloride, or salt, quickly dissipates in water. However, most minerals will not dissolve in pure water alone. They must have at least one other substance present in order to initiate decomposition. When even a small amount of acid is added to water, its corrosive power is magnified. Acid can be produced by natural means such as when organisms decay and release organic acids back into the soil. Sulfide minerals such as pyrite release sulfuric acid into the atmosphere as they decay. These acids are absorbed into water and cause corrosion in many rocks. Additionally, when carbon dioxide from the atmosphere dissolves into raindrops, carbonic acid is created. As rain and snow fall on stone over time, they wear down the layers of sediment that make up the rock. Yet while many of these acidic reactions are to be expected in nature, the introduction of man-made byproducts has disrupted this natural cycle by hastening it along.
Man's use of fossil fuels in factories, power plants, and vehicles has greatly increased the amount of carbon dioxide, sulfur, and nitrous oxides in the atmosphere. This has led to an excessive amount of acid being produced and absorbed by different forms of water in the atmosphere, Scientists point to acid precipitation, rain with abnormally high levels of acid, as the culprit for the premature corrosion of stone statues and buildings. Whereas the natural chemical weathering process caused by the carbonic acid in rain would wear away rocks slowly over time, now the rocks decay at a more rapid pace. The acids that are not absorbed into rain or snow are often absorbed into the ground, seeping into ground water and affecting rocks and stones in river beds and lakes.
The process of decay and corrosion that rocks and stone structures undergo is a natural one that should take place over many years. Rainfall over time causes erosion and changes in the rock. Humans, however, have brought about changes in this process, increasing the speed at which stones are weathered by releasing more acid-producing compounds into the atmosphere. The effect is that buildings and monuments of stone that have stood for generations are experiencing swift decay.
According to paragraph 2, which of the following is true of dissolution?
A.Salt partially dissolves when placed in pure water.
B.Water is responsible for only a small amount of chemical weathering.
C.A large majority of rocks and minerals dissolve in water alone,
D.Small amounts of acid greatly increase water's ability to dissolve minerals.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
Stone statues and buildings that have stood in place for long periods of time have endured years of wind and weather, the effects of which are clearly visible in their outward appearances. Corners lose their sharp angles and features seem to crumble away. The natural process that breaks down rocks and stone is called chemical weathering. In the natural course of things, this type of disintegration is to be expected. When human use of fossil fuels is introduced into this equation, however, the process of chemical weathering is significantly affected.
In nature, water and acids act as primary agents in chemical weathering. Water, whether in the form of rivers or precipitation, plays a major part in the erosion of rocks and stone formations as they are weathered. "Dissolution" is the term scientists use for the process through which minerals are dissolved in water. For example, sodium chloride, or salt, quickly dissipates in water. However, most minerals will not dissolve in pure water alone. They must have at least one other substance present in order to initiate decomposition. When even a small amount of acid is added to water, its corrosive power is magnified. Acid can be produced by natural means such as when organisms decay and release organic acids back into the soil. Sulfide minerals such as pyrite release sulfuric acid into the atmosphere as they decay. These acids are absorbed into water and cause corrosion in many rocks. Additionally, when carbon dioxide from the atmosphere dissolves into raindrops, carbonic acid is created. As rain and snow fall on stone over time, they wear down the layers of sediment that make up the rock. Yet while many of these acidic reactions are to be expected in nature, the introduction of man-made byproducts has disrupted this natural cycle by hastening it along.
Man's use of fossil fuels in factories, power plants, and vehicles has greatly increased the amount of carbon dioxide, sulfur, and nitrous oxides in the atmosphere. This has led to an excessive amount of acid being produced and absorbed by different forms of water in the atmosphere, Scientists point to acid precipitation, rain with abnormally high levels of acid, as the culprit for the premature corrosion of stone statues and buildings. Whereas the natural chemical weathering process caused by the carbonic acid in rain would wear away rocks slowly over time, now the rocks decay at a more rapid pace. The acids that are not absorbed into rain or snow are often absorbed into the ground, seeping into ground water and affecting rocks and stones in river beds and lakes.
The process of decay and corrosion that rocks and stone structures undergo is a natural one that should take place over many years. Rainfall over time causes erosion and changes in the rock. Humans, however, have brought about changes in this process, increasing the speed at which stones are weathered by releasing more acid-producing compounds into the atmosphere. The effect is that buildings and monuments of stone that have stood for generations are experiencing swift decay.
According to the passage, which of the following is true of acid precipitation?
A.It is a natural part of the weathering process.
B.Acid rain does not affect areas where there is no pollution.
C.The acid in acid rain is due to man's use of fossil fuels.
D.It seems not to affect desert areas where there is no rain.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
Stone statues and buildings that have stood in place for long periods of time have endured years of wind and weather, the effects of which are clearly visible in their outward appearances. Corners lose their sharp angles and features seem to crumble away. The natural process that breaks down rocks and stone is called chemical weathering. In the natural course of things, this type of disintegration is to be expected. When human use of fossil fuels is introduced into this equation, however, the process of chemical weathering is significantly affected.
In nature, water and acids act as primary agents in chemical weathering. Water, whether in the form of rivers or precipitation, plays a major part in the erosion of rocks and stone formations as they are weathered. "Dissolution" is the term scientists use for the process through which minerals are dissolved in water. For example, sodium chloride, or salt, quickly dissipates in water. However, most minerals will not dissolve in pure water alone. They must have at least one other substance present in order to initiate decomposition. When even a small amount of acid is added to water, its corrosive power is magnified. Acid can be produced by natural means such as when organisms decay and release organic acids back into the soil. Sulfide minerals such as pyrite release sulfuric acid into the atmosphere as they decay. These acids are absorbed into water and cause corrosion in many rocks. Additionally, when carbon dioxide from the atmosphere dissolves into raindrops, carbonic acid is created. As rain and snow fall on stone over time, they wear down the layers of sediment that make up the rock. Yet while many of these acidic reactions are to be expected in nature, the introduction of man-made byproducts has disrupted this natural cycle by hastening it along.
Man's use of fossil fuels in factories, power plants, and vehicles has greatly increased the amount of carbon dioxide, sulfur, and nitrous oxides in the atmosphere. This has led to an excessive amount of acid being produced and absorbed by different forms of water in the atmosphere, Scientists point to acid precipitation, rain with abnormally high levels of acid, as the culprit for the premature corrosion of stone statues and buildings. Whereas the natural chemical weathering process caused by the carbonic acid in rain would wear away rocks slowly over time, now the rocks decay at a more rapid pace. The acids that are not absorbed into rain or snow are often absorbed into the ground, seeping into ground water and affecting rocks and stones in river beds and lakes.
The process of decay and corrosion that rocks and stone structures undergo is a natural one that should take place over many years. Rainfall over time causes erosion and changes in the rock. Humans, however, have brought about changes in this process, increasing the speed at which stones are weathered by releasing more acid-producing compounds into the atmosphere. The effect is that buildings and monuments of stone that have stood for generations are experiencing swift decay.
Why does the author mention the use of fossil fuels by humans in paragraph 1?
A.To introduce a factor that affects chemical weathering
B.To support the idea that chemical weathering is natural
C.To argue that it is normal for stone buildings to disintegrate
D.To reveal the true causes of chemical weathering

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions.
You have finished your studies. You must decide what to do next.
A.You must decide what to do next now that you have finished your studies.
B.Not only have you finished your studies but you must decide what to do next.
C.Finished your studies you must decide what to do next.
D.No sooner have you finished your studies than you must decide what to do next.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions.
They were reluctant to announce the news. They didn’t want to worry the public.
A.They were reluctant to announce the news for fear that they might worry the public.
B.So that they would worry the public they were reluctant to announce the news.
C.They were reluctant to announce the news lest they should not worry the public
D.They were reluctant to announce the news in case of worrying the public.