Mấy dạng này đơn giản mà, áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau là ra hết :v

a) \(3a=4b\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{4}=\dfrac{b}{3}=\dfrac{b-a}{3-4}=\dfrac{5}{-1}=-5\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=-5.4\\b=-5.3\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=-20\\b=-15\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) \(2a=3b=4c\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{a}{3}=\dfrac{b}{2}\\\dfrac{b}{4}=\dfrac{c}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{a}{6}=\dfrac{b}{4}\\\dfrac{b}{4}=\dfrac{c}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{6}=\dfrac{b}{4}=\dfrac{c}{3}=\dfrac{a-b+c}{6-4+3}=\dfrac{35}{5}=7\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=7.6=42\\b=7.4=28\\c=7.3=21\end{matrix}\right.\)

c) \(\dfrac{a}{3}=\dfrac{b}{4}=\dfrac{c}{5}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{3}=\dfrac{2b}{8}=\dfrac{3c}{15}=\dfrac{a-2b+3c}{3-8+15}=\dfrac{35}{10}=3,5\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=3,5.3=10,5\\b=3,5.4=14\\c=3,5.5=17,5\end{matrix}\right.\)