a. \(\begin{array}{*{20}{l}}
{{R_{td}} = {R_1} + {R_2} = 5 + 10 = 15\Omega }\\
{I = \frac{U}{{{R_{td}}}} = \frac{U}{{15}}A}
\end{array}\)
b. \(\begin{array}{l}
{R_{23}} = \frac{{{R_2}.{R_3}}}{{{R_2} + {R_3}}} = \frac{{10.15}}{{10 + 15}} = 6\Omega \\
{R_{td2}} = {R_1} + {R_{23}} = 5 + 6 = 11\Omega \\
I = \frac{U}{{{R_{td2}}}} = \frac{U}{{11}}A
\end{array}\)