Đáp án:
$\begin{array}{l}
\left\{ \begin{array}{l}
x + y = - 9\\
x.y = 18
\end{array} \right.\\
a)P = {x^2} + {y^2}\\
= {x^2} + 2xy + {y^2} - 2xy\\
= {\left( {x + y} \right)^2} - 2xy\\
= {\left( { - 9} \right)^2} - 2.18\\
= 81 - 36\\
= 45\\
b)Q = {x^2} - {y^2}\\
= \left( {x - y} \right).\left( {x + y} \right)\\
= - 9.\sqrt {{{\left( {x - y} \right)}^2}} \\
= - 9.\sqrt {{{\left( {x + y} \right)}^2} - 4xy} \\
= - 9.\sqrt {{{\left( { - 9} \right)}^2} - 4.18} \\
= - 9.\sqrt 9 \\
= - 27\\
c)M = {x^4} + {y^4}\\
= {\left( {{x^2} + {y^2}} \right)^2} - 2{x^2}{y^2}\\
= {45^2} - 2.{\left( {18} \right)^2}\\
= 1377
\end{array}$